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Dilip Kumar
Dilip Kumar in 2006
Born
Muhammad Yusuf Khan

(1922-12-11) December 11, 1922 (age 102)
Peshawar, British India
(now Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan)
NationalityIndian
Occupation(s)Film actor
Producer
Years active1944–1998
Spouse(s)Saira Banu (1966–present)
Asma (1979–1982)
Signature
Dilip Kumar signature

Dilip Kumar (born Muhammad Yusuf Khan on 11 December 1922) is an Indian film actor also known as Tragedy King,[3] and described as "the ultimate method actor" by Satyajit Ray.[4] He debuted as an actor in the film Jwar Bhata in 1944 produced by Bombay Talkies. His career has spanned over six decades and with over 60 films. He starred in films of a variety of genres such as the romantic Andaz (1949), the swashbuckling Aan (1952), the dramatic Devdas (1955), the comical Azaad (1955), the historical Mughal-e-Azam (1960) and the social Ganga Jamuna (1961).

In 1976, Dilip Kumar took a five-year break from film performances and returned with a character role in the film Kranti (1981) and continued his career playing leading roles in films such as Shakti (1982), Karma (1986) and Saudagar (1991). His last film was Qila (1998). Dilip Kumar has acted with actress Vyjayanthimala the most, where they both had acted seven films together including the former's home production Gunga Jamuna resulting in great on-screen chemistry and an alleged affair between them.[5][6]

The Government of India honoured him with the Padma Bhushan award in 1991 and the Dadasaheb Phalke Award in 1994 for his contributions towards Indian cinema and nominated him to Rajya Sabha, the upper house of Indian parliament for a term. He is the first recipient of Filmfare Best Actor Award (1954) and still holds the record for the most number of Filmfare awards won for that category with eight wins.[7] Critics acclaimed him among one of the greatest actors in the history of Hindi cinema.[8][9][10] In a blog post, Amitabh Bachchan has described Dilip Kumar as the greatest actor ever.[11]

Early life

Dilip Kumar was born Yusuf Khan into a Hindko-speaking Awan[1][12] family of 12 children on 11 December 1922 at his house in the Qissa Khawani Bazaar area of Peshawar, in what is now Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. His father, Lala Ghulam Sarwar, was a landlord and fruit merchant who owned orchards in Peshawar and Deolali (in Maharashtra, India). Dilip Kumar did schooling from prestigious Barnes School, Deolali, near Nasik.[13] In the late 1930s, his family of 12 members relocated to Mumbai. Around 1940, Dilip Kumar left home for Pune where he started his career as a canteen owner and a dry fruit supplier. In 1943, actress Devika Rani, who owned Bombay Talkies spotted Dilip Kumar in Aundh military canteens Pune,[14] and cast him with a lead role in the film Jwar Bhata (1944), which marked Dilip Kumar's entry into the Hindi film industry. Hindi author Bhagwati Charan Verma gave him the screen name Dilip Kumar.[15] It is believed that Dilip Kumar could speak a number of languages, including English, Persian, Hindi, Urdu, Hindko,[16] and Pashto.

Career

1940s

Dilip Kumar's first film, Jwar Bhata (1944) went unnoticed, it was Jugnu (1947) in which he starred alongside Noor Jehan that became his first major hit at the box office. His next major hit was the 1948 film Shaheed. He got his breakthrough role with Mehboob Khan's Andaz (1949) in which he starred alongside Raj Kapoor and Nargis in a love triangle story.

1950s

He went on to have success in the 1950s with playing leading roles in romantic films like Jogan (1950), Deedar (1951), Daag (1952), Devdas (1955), Yahudi (1958) and Madhumati (1958). He also played an anti-hero in Mehboob Khan's Amar (1954). These films established his screen image as the "Tragedy King". He also starred in many social drama films like Footpath (1953), Naya Daur (1957), Musafir (1957), Taraana (1951) and Paigham (1959). He was the first actor to win the Filmfare Best Actor Award for Daag and went onto win it a further seven times in his career.[17] He formed popular on-screen pairings with many of the top actresses at the time including Madhubala, Nargis, Nimmi, Meena Kumari, Kamini Kaushal and Vyjanthimala.

In an attempt to shed his "tragedy king" image, Dilip Kumar took up his psychiatrist's suggestion that he take on lighthearted roles such as Mehboob Khan's blockbuster Aan (1952), his first film in technicolour in which he played a swashbuckling peasant. He had further success with lighter roles in Azaad (1955) and Kohinoor (1960)[17] In 1960 he portrayed Prince Salim in K. Asif's big-budget epic historical film Mughal-e-Azam which as of 2008 was the second highest grossing film in Hindi film history.[18] The film told the story of Prince Salim who revolts against his father Akbar (played by Prithviraj Kapoor) and falls in love with a courtesan (played by Madhubala). The film was mostly shot in black and white, only some scenes in the latter half of the film in colour. 44 years after its original release, it was fully colourized and re-released in 2004.

1960s

In 1961 he produced and starred in Ganga Jamuna in which he and his brother Nasir Khan played the title roles, this was the only film he produced. In 1962 British director David Lean offered him the role of "Sherif Ali" in his film Lawrence of Arabia (1962), but Dilip Kumar declined to perform in the movie.[19] The role eventually went to Omar Sharif, the Egyptian actor. His next film Leader (1964) was a below average grosser at the box office.[20] He was the co-director alongside Abdul Rashid Kardar of his next release Dil Diya Dard Liya in 1966 but was uncredited as director. In 1967 Kumar played a dual role of twins separated at birth in the hit film Ram Aur Shyam. In 1968 he starred alongside Manoj Kumar and Waheeda Rehman in Aadmi.

1970s

His career slumped in the 1970s with films like Dastaan (1972) and Bairaag (1976), the latter in which he played triple roles failing at the box office. He starred alongside his real-life wife Saira Banu in Gopi (1970), Bengali film Sagina Mahato (1970) and Bairaag (1976) but all three failed to do well at the box office.[21][22] He took a five-year hiatus from films from 1976 to 1981.[14]

1980s

In 1981, he returned to films with the multi-starrer Kranti which was the biggest hit of the year. Appearing alongside an ensemble cast including Manoj Kumar, Shashi Kapoor, Hema Malini and Shatrughan Sinha, he played the title role as a revolutionary fighting for India's independence from British rule.[23] He then formed a successful collaboration with Subhash Ghai starting with Vidhaata (1982) in which he starred alongside Sanjay Dutt, Sanjeev Kumar and Shammi Kapoor. Later that year he starred alongside the reigning superstar of the time Amitabh Bachchan in Ramesh Sippy's Shakti for which he won yet another Filmfare Award for Best Actor. In 1984 he starred in Yash Chopra's Mashaal and Ramesh Talwar's Duniya opposite Anil Kapoor and Rishi Kapoor respectively.

His second collaboration with Subhash Ghai came with the 1986 action film Karma. In this film, Kumar played a jailor who hires three men (played by Naseeruddin Shah, Jackie Shroff and Anil Kapoor) to help him avenge his family's death by escaped terrorist Doctor Dang (played by Anupam Kher). This was also the first film which paired him opposite veteran actress Nutan.[23]

1990s

In 1991, he starred alongside fellow veteran actor Raaj Kumar in Saudagar, his third and last film with Subhash Ghai. This was his second film with Raaj Kumar after 1959's Paigham. Saudagar was Kumar's last box office success and also his last film for several years.[24] In 1993 he won the Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award. He was attached to make his directorial debut with a film titled Kalinga but the film was eventually shelved.[25]

In 1998 he made his last film appearance in Qila, where he played dual roles as an evil landowner who is murdered and his twin brother who tries to solve the mystery of his death.

2000s

In 2001 he was set to appear in a film titled Asar - The Impact alongside Ajay Devgan which was shelved.[26] His films Mughal-e-Azam and Naya Daur were fully colorized and re-released in 2004 and 2008 respectively.

Other career highlights

  • Kumar was very choosy, and turned down lead roles in many films which eventually were released to great box office success, including Lawrence of Arabia, Pyaasa and Sangam.[27]
  • Several of his films remain unreleased and unfinished such as Jaanwar, Shikwa and Aag Ka Dariya.[27]

Public life

Kumar with Saira Banu in recent years

Dilip Kumar was nominated a member of Rajya Sabha, the upper house of Indian parliament for a term.[14]

He was awarded the Dadasaheb Phalke Award in 1994. In 1998 he was awarded the Nishan-e-Imtiaz, the highest civilian award conferred by the government of Pakistan. He is the second Indian to receive the award. At the time of the Kargil War, Shiv Sena chief Bal Thackeray demanded Dilip Kumar return his Nishan-e-Imtiaz, citing "that country's blatant aggression on Indian soil."[28] Dilip Kumar refused, saying:

"This award was given to me for the humane activities to which I have dedicated myself. I have worked for the poor, I have worked for many years to bridge the cultural and communal gaps between India and Pakistan. Politics and religion have created these boundaries. I have striven to bring the two people together in whatever way I could. Tell me, what does any of this have to do with the Kargil conflict?"[29]

Dilip Kumar launched his Twitter account and his first tweet was on his 89th Birthday in 2011.[30][31]

Personal life

Dilip Kumar was first in love with the actress Kamini Kaushal, but they could not marry due to her being married to her deceased sister's husband.[32] Subsequently he was romantically involved with the actress Madhubala but they had to part ways as her family was opposed to their marriage.[33][34] He married actress Saira Banu, who was 22 years younger than him, in 1966. He married a second time in 1980 to Asma but the marriage ended soon after.[35] Dilip Kumar for first time in his life performed Umrah the holy pilgrimage to Makkah in 2013 along with his wife Saira Bano [36]

Health

Around 10 September 2011 it surfaced that the health of Dilip Kumar is worsening. Some tweets even mistakenly spread news of his death.[37] Later Saira Banu made a public statement that the actor is in good health and in high spirits. On September 15, 2013, the 90 year old Dilip Kumar suffered a silent Heart attack and was subsequently admitted to Lilavati Hospital in Mumbai. On September 16, a Hospital statement said that his condition was stable and he was put under observation in ICU for 48 hours due to his bypass status and advanced age. He had undergone heart surgery 14 years before.[38] In December 2014, Dilip Kumar has been hospitalized for pneumonia and admitted to Lilavati Hospital in Mumbai under ICU.[39]

Awards and popularity

Dilip Kumar is widely considered as one of the greatest actors in the history of Hindi cinema.[8][9][10] He holds the Guinness World Record for winning the maximum number of awards by an Indian actor.[11][40] He has received many awards throughout his career, including 8 Filmfare Best Actor awards and 19 Filmfare nominations.[41] He was honoured with the Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award in 1993.[42]

Dilip Kumar was appointed Sheriff of Mumbai (an honorary position) in 1980,[42] the Government of India honored Kumar with the Padma Bhushan, the third highest civilian award in 1991 and the Dadasaheb Phalke Award in 1994.[29][43] The Government of Andhra Pradesh honored Kumar with NTR National Award in 1997. The Government of Pakistan conferred Kumar with Nishan-e-Imtiaz, the highest civilian award in Pakistan, in 1997. The ruling political party of Shiv Sena in Maharashtra had objected on this award and questioned Kumar's patriotism. However, in 1999 in consultation with the then Prime Minister of India Atal Bihari Vajpayee, Kumar retained the award.[44] He was honored with CNN-IBN Lifetime Achievement Award in 2009.[45]

Filmography

Main article: Dilip Kumar filmography

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Peshawar's contribution to subcontinent's cinema highlighted". The News International. Retrieved 12 January 2014. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  2. ^ "Spiritually thrilled after Umrah, Dilip Kumar extends Makkah stay". Retrieved 3 January 2015.
  3. ^ "Tragedy king Dilip Kumar turns 88". The Indian Express. 11 December 2010. Retrieved 21 June 2012.
  4. ^ "Unmatched innings". The Hindu. 24 January 2012. Retrieved 9 January 2015.
  5. ^ Suresh Kohli (8 January 2004). "Celebrating The Tragedy King". The Hindu. Delhi, India. Retrieved 30 January 2012.
  6. ^ Coomi Kapoor (8 October 2007). "Personalised fiction, anyone?". The Star (Malaysia). Malaysia. Retrieved 30 January 2012.
  7. ^ "Dilip Kumar turns 86". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 11 December 2008. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  8. ^ a b Sharma, Vishwamitra (2007). Famous Indians of the 21st Century. Pustak Mahal. p. 196. ISBN 81-223-0829-5.
  9. ^ a b Dawar, Ramesh (2006). Bollywood: yesterday, today, tomorrow. Star Publications. p. 8. ISBN 1-905863-01-2.
  10. ^ a b A documentary on the life of Dilip Kumar. Bollywood Hungama. Retrieved 7 August 2011.
  11. ^ a b "Dilip Kumar is my idol and inspiration: Amitabh Bachchan - The Times of India". Timesofindia.indiatimes.com. 11 December 2011. Retrieved 6 August 2012.
  12. ^ "'The King of Tragedy': Dilip Kumar's 92nd birthday celebrated in the city". The Express Tribune. 11 December 2014. Retrieved 12 December 2014.
  13. ^ Renuka Vyavahare, TNN Dec 28, 2011, 08.13PM IST (28 December 2011). "Here's why Dilip Kumar speaks Marathi fluently! – Times Of India". Articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com. Retrieved 28 September 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  14. ^ a b c Meghnad Desai, Baron Desai (2004), Nehru's hero Dilip Kumar in the life of India, Lotus Collection, Roli Books, ISBN 978-81-7436-311-4.
  15. ^ Nihalani, Govind; Chatterjee, Saibal (2003). Encyclopaedia of Hindi cinema. India: Popular Prakashan Pvt ltd. pp. 470–473. ISBN 978-81-7991-066-5. Retrieved 21 June 2012.
  16. ^ "Leading News Resource of Pakistan". Daily Times. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
  17. ^ a b "rediff.com, Movies: Tragedy King Dilip Kumar". Rediff.com. Retrieved 6 August 2012.
  18. ^ All Time Grossers. Box Office India. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
  19. ^ "Dilip Kumar's Hollywood dis-connection". The Times Of India. Retrieved 2 December 2010.
  20. ^ Box Office 1964. Box Office India. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
  21. ^ Box Office 1972. Box Office India. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
  22. ^ Box Office 1976. Box Office India. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
  23. ^ a b Top Earners 1980-1989 (Figures in Ind Rs). Box Office India. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
  24. ^ Top Lifetime Grossers 1990-1994 (Figures in Ind Rs). Box Office India. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
  25. ^ Asif Noorani (11 December 2012). "Dilip Kumar: 90 fruitful years | Entertainment". Dawn.Com. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  26. ^ http://www.mid-day.com/entertainment/2001/aug/14759.htm
  27. ^ a b http://nasir-eclectic.blogspot.co.uk/2009/04/dilip-kumar-turns-86.html
  28. ^ The Rediff Interview/ Dilip Kumar. Rediff. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
  29. ^ a b ANALYSIS: Dilip Kumar turns 88. Daily Times. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
  30. ^ "Dilip Kumar joins Twitter on 89th birthday". Hindustan Times. 13 December 2011. Retrieved 18 September 2013. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  31. ^ "Dilip Kumar reconnects with fans on Twitter". The Indian Express. 14 December 2011. Retrieved 18 September 2013. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  32. ^ "'Excerpt from Dilip Kumar's Biography'". Tribune. December 2008. Retrieved 3 January 2014. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  33. ^ "'She loved Dilipsaab till the day she died'". Rediff.com. March 2008. Retrieved 16 September 2013. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  34. ^ Kumar, Anuj (6 January 2010). "Capturing Madhubala's pain". The Hindu. Retrieved 16 September 2013. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  35. ^ Bhatia, Ritu (2 September 2012). "Don't mind the (age) gap". India Today. Retrieved 16 September 2013. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  36. ^ http://www.arabnews.com/spiritually-thrilled-after-umrah-dilip-kumar-extends-makkah-stay
  37. ^ https://twitter.com/#!/shiekhspear/status/112492760149409793
  38. ^ "Actor Dilip Kumar's Condition Stable after Silent Heart Attack". Retrieved 18 September 2013.
  39. ^ "Dilip Kumar is recovering; out of ICU". Rediff.com. 9 December 2014. Retrieved 10 December 2014.
  40. ^ Kumar-Guinness-World-Records-TV-show.htm Dilip Kumar on TV show?
  41. ^ "Things that u don't know about Filmfare Awards...(Part IV)". Sify Movies. 27 February 2007. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  42. ^ a b "Lifetime Achievement (Popular)". Filmfare Awards. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  43. ^ "Padma Awards Directory (1954-2009)" (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  44. ^ "Dilip Kumar decides to retain Nishan-e-Imtiaz". Rediff.com. 11 July 1999. Retrieved 16 September 2013. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  45. ^ "IOTY 2008: ISRO boss, team Chandrayaan". CNN IBN. 3 February 2009. Retrieved 16 September 2013. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
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