Rus' chronicle
| Old Russian Chronicles | |
|---|---|
| Летописи | |
 Tale of Bygone Years in Radziwiłł Chronicle of 15th century. | |
| Author(s) | chroniclers, who were mainly churchmen |
| Language | Old Church Slavonic and Old Russian |
| Date | 11-18th centuries |
| Genre | History |
Old Russian Chronicles (Template:Lang-ru) or Old Russian Letopisi are a type of written sources in Old Rus', main type of Old Russian historical literature, composed from 11th to 18th centuries. Chronicles are among the most extensive monuments of Old Russian literature and one of the leading genres of it.
Chronicles were main form of Russian historical narrative until the middle of the 16th century, the time of Ivan the Terrible, when they gave primacy to another historiographical genre — chronographs.[1]
Сharacteristic
Old Russian Chronicles were composed in monasteries, at the princely (see: Knyaz) courts (later at the tsar's courts) and in the offices of Metropolitan. Chronicles often contradicted each other not only on estimation of events and in factual basis. Chronicles were a set of annual entries, that is messages about the events which happened in each year. Mostly there were short factual entries, but sometimes chronicler used literary form of the narrative on the most significant events of Russian history. In annual entries, chronicler often included addresses and dialogues of princes, literary phrases: stable speech formulas, epithets, rhetorical figures and others.[1]
History
Meaning
Some chronicles
- Primary Chronicle
- Novgorod First Chronicle
- Laurentian Codex
- Hypatian Codex
- Galician–Volhynian Chronicle
- Academic Chronicle
- Novgorod Fourth Chronicle
- Radziwiłł Chronicle
- Sofia First Chronicle
- Novgorodsko-Sofiysky Svod
- Sofia Second Chronicle
- Illustrated Chronicle of Ivan the Terrible
- Kazan Chronicle
- Nikon Chronicle
- Ioachim Chronicle
- Siberian Chronicles, including:
- Stroganov Chronicle
- Kungur Chronicle
- Yesipov Chronicle
- Remezov Chronicle
See also
- Nestor the Chronicler
- Kormchaia
- Merilo Pravednoye
- Russkaya Pravda
- Lithuanian Chronicles
- Bychowiec Chronicle
- Lvov Chronicle
- De moribus tartarorum, lituanorum et moscorum
- Freising manuscripts
Notes
- ^ a b Letopisi // Literature of Old Rus'. Вiographical and Bibliographical Dictionary / ed. by Oleg Tvorogov. - Moscow: Prosvescheniye ("Enlightenment"), 1996. (Template:Lang-ru)
Some editions
- Complete Collection of Russian Chronicles: Template:Lang-ru. — СПб.; М, 1843; М., 1989. — Т. 1—38.
- Новгородская первая летопись старшего и младшего изводов. — М.; Л., 1950.
- Псковские летописи.— М.; Л., 1941—1955. — Вып. 1—2.
- Рассказы русских летописей XII—XIV вв. / Перевод и пояснения Т.Н. Михельсон. — М., 1968; 2-е изд. — М., 1973.
- Рассказы русских летописей XV—XVII вв. / Перевод и пояснения Т.Н. Михельсон — М., 1976,
- Севернорусский летописный свод 1472 года / Подг. текста и комм Я.С. Лурье; Перевод В.В. Колесова // Памятники литературы Древней Руси: Вторая половина XV века. — М., 1982. — С. 410—443, 638—655.
- The Russian Primary Chronicle, Laurentian Text. Translated and edited by Samuel Hazzard Cross and Olgerd P. Sherbowitz-Wetzor. Cambridge, MA: The Mediaeval Academy of America, 1953.
- Excerpts of Primary Chronicle, including founding of Novgorod by Rus, Attacks on Byzantines, and Conversion of Vladimir. Also mentions several Slavic tribes by name.
- A collation of Primary Chronicle by Donald Ostrowski in Cyrillic is available at http://hudce7.harvard.edu/~ostrowski/pvl/ together with an erudite and lengthy introduction in English. This is an interlinear collation including the five main manuscript witnesses, as well as a new paradosis, or reconstruction of the original.
- The Chronicle of Novgorod 1016-1471. Intr. C. Raymond Beazley, A. A. Shakhmatov (London, 1914).
Some literature
- Сухомлинов М.И. О древней русской летописи как памятнике литературном. — СПб., 1856.
- Шахматов А.А. Обозрение русских летописных сводов XIV—XVI вв. — М.; Л., 1938.
- Приселков М.Д. История русского летописания XI—XV вв. — Л., 1940.
- Лихачев Д.С. Русские летописи и их культурно-историческое значение. — М.; Л., 1947.
- Дмитриева Р.П. Библиография русского летописания. — М.; Л., 1962
- Насонов А.Н. История русского летописания XI — начала XVIII века.— М., 1969
- Творогов О.В. Сюжетное повествование в летописях XI—XIII вв. / Истоки русской беллетристики: Возникновение сюжетного повествования в древнерусской литературы. - Л.: Наука, 1970. — С. 31—66.
- Лурье Я.С. К изучению летописного жанра // Труды Отдела древнерусской литературы. — 1972. — Т. 27. — С. 76—93.
- Лурье Я.С. Общерусские летописи XIV—XV вв. — Л., 1976.
- Корецкий В.И. История русского летописания второй половины XVI — начала XVII века.—М., 1986.
- Словарь книжников и книжности Древней Руси / АН СССР. ИРЛИ; Отв. ред. Д.С. Лихачев. — Л.: Наука, 1987. — Вып. 1 (XI – первая половина XIV в.). — С. 234—251; Л.: Наука, 1989. - Вып. 2, ч. 2. — С. 17—18, 20—69.
- Лурье Я.С. Две истории Руси XV века. — СПб., 1994.
- Бобров А.Г. Новгородские летописи XV века. – СПб.: Дмитрий Буланин, 2000. – 287 с.
- Гимон Т.В., Гиппиус А.А. Новые данные по истории текста Новгородской первой летописи // Новгородский исторический сборник. – Л., 1999. – Вып. 7(17). / Рос. акад. наук, Институт рос. истории, С.-Петербургский филиал; отв. ред. В.Л. Янин. – С. 18–47.