Contents of the Voyager Golden Record
The Voyager Golden Record contains 115 images and a variety of natural sounds, such as those made by surf, wind, and thunder, and animal sounds, including the songs of birds and whales. The record additionally features musical selections from different cultures and eras, spoken greetings in fifty-nine languages,[1][2] and printed messages from President Jimmy Carter and U.N. Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim. The items were selected for NASA by a committee chaired by Carl Sagan of Cornell University.
After NASA had received criticism over the nudity on the Pioneer plaque (line drawings of a naked man and woman), the agency chose not to allow Sagan and his colleagues to include a photograph of a nude man and woman on the record. Instead, only a silhouette of the couple was included.[3]
Here is an excerpt of President Carter's official statement placed on the Voyager spacecraft for its trip outside our solar system, June 16, 1977:
We cast this message into the cosmos ... Of the 200 billion stars in the Milky Way galaxy, some – perhaps many – may have inhabited planets and space faring civilizations. If one such civilization intercepts Voyager and can understand these recorded contents, here is our message: This is a present from a small distant world, a token of our sounds, our science, our images, our music, our thoughts, and our feelings. We are attempting to survive our time so we may live into yours. We hope some day, having solved the problems we face, to join a community of galactic civilizations. This record represents our hope and our determination and our goodwill in a vast and awesome universe.[4]
Greetings
The first audio section contains a spoken greeting in English from then-Secretary General of the UN, Kurt Waldheim.
The second audio section ("Greetings in 55 Languages") contains spoken greetings in 55 languages,[5] including four Chinese varieties (marked with **), 12 South Asian languages (marked #) and five ancient languages (marked §), listed here in alphabetical order:
Later audio sections contain the spoken greetings in the remaining four languages, including Esperanto and !Kung. The whale sounds were provided by Roger Payne.[7]
This is a list of the recorded greetings in order of appearance on their respective tracks.[8]
Track | Time | Language | Speaker[9][10] | Original | English translation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 | 0:00:00 | Sumerian | David L. Owen | 𒁲𒈠𒃶𒈨𒂗 silim-ma hé-me-en | May all be well |
2 | 0:00:04 | Ancient Greek | Frederick M. Ahl | Οἵτινές ποτ'ἔστε χαίρετε! Εἰρηνικῶς πρὸς φίλους ἐληλύθαμεν φίλοι. | Greetings to you, whoever you are. We come in friendship to those who are friends.[n 1] |
2 | 0:00:11 | Portuguese | Janet Sternberg | Paz e felicidade a todos | Peace and happiness to everyone |
2 | 0:00:14 | Cantonese | Stella Fessler | 各位好嗎?祝各位平安健康快樂。 Go3 wai2 hou2 maa1? Zuk1 go3 wai2 peng4 ngon1 gin6 hong1 faai3 lok6. | How's everyone? Wish you peace, health and happiness |
2 | 0:00:19 | Akkadian | David L. Owen | Adaniš lušumu | May all be very well |
2 | 0:00:22 | Russian | Maria Rubinova | Здравствуйте! Приветствую Вас! | Greetings! I Welcome You! |
2 | 0:00:25 | Thai | Ruchira Mendiones | สวัสดีค่ะ สหายในธรณีโพ้น พวกเราในธรณีนี้ขอส่งมิตรจิตมาถึงท่านทุกคน | Hello friends from farland. We in this land have sent you warm greeting to you all |
2 | 0:00:32 | Arabic | Amahl Shakh | .تحياتنا للأصدقاء في النجوم. يا ليت يجمعنا الزمان Taḥiyyātunā lil-'aṣdiqā' fil-nujūm. Yā laytā yajma`unā al-zamān. | Greetings to our friends in the stars. May time bring us together |
2 | 0:00:38 | Romanian | Sanda Huffman | Salutări la toată lumea | Regards to everyone |
2 | 0:00:42 | French | Alexandra Littauer | Bonjour tout le monde | Hello to everyone |
2 | 0:00:45 | Burmese | Maung Myo Lwin | Template:My [nè káʊɴ bà ðəlá] | Are you well |
2 | 0:00:48 | Hebrew | David L. Owen | שלום Shalom | Hello (literally "peace") |
2 | 0:00:50 | Spanish | Erik J. Beukenjamp | Hola y saludos a todos | Hello and greetings to everyone |
2 | 0:00:54 | Indonesian | Ilyas Harun | Selamat malam hadirin sekalian, selamat berpisah dan sampai bertemu lagi dilain waktu | Good night, ladies and gentlemen. Goodbye and see you next time |
2 | 0:00:59 | Kechua (Quechua) | Fredy Amikcar, Roncalla Fermandez | Kay pachamamta niytapas maytapas rimapallasta runasimipi | Hello to everybody from this Earth, in Kechua language |
2 | 0:01:04 | Punjabi | Jatinder N. Paul | Welcome home. It is a pleasure to receive you | |
2 | 0:01:07 | Hittite | David L. Owen | Hail | |
2 | 0:01:08 | Bengali | Subrata Mukherjee | নমস্কার, বিশ্বের শান্তি হোক | Hello! Let there be peace everywhere |
2 | 0:01:11 | Latin | Frederick M. Ahl | Salvete quicumque estis; bonam erga vos voluntatem habemus, et pacem per astra ferimus | Greetings to you, whoever you are; we have good will towards you and bring peace across space |
2 | 0:01:19 | Aramaic | David L. Owen | 𐡌𐡋𐡔 or שלם or ܫܠܡ Šəlām | Hello (literally "peace") |
2 | 0:01:22 | Dutch | Joan de Boer | Hartelijke groeten aan iedereen | Dear/sincere greetings to everyone |
2 | 0:01:24 | German | Renate Born | Herzliche Grüße an alle | Warm greetings to everyone |
2 | 0:01:27 | Urdu | Salma Alzal | اسلام و عليکم ـ ہم زمين کے رہنے والوں کى طرف سے آپ کو خوش آمديد کہتے ھيں | Peace on you. We the inhabitants of this earth send our greetings to you |
2 | 0:01:37 | Vietnamese | Tran Trong Hai | Chân thành gửi tới các bạn lời chào thân hữu | Sincere greetings to you |
2 | 0:01:40 | Turkish | Peter Ian Kuniholm | Sayın Türkçe bilen arkadaşlarımız, sabah şerifleriniz hayrolsun | Dear Turkish-speaking friends, may the honors of the morning be upon your heads |
2 | 0:01:45 | Japanese | Mari Noda | こんにちは。お元気ですか? Konnichiwa. O genki desu ka? | Hello. How are you? |
2 | 0:01:48 | Hindi | Omar Alzal | धरती के वासियों की ओर से नमस्कार | Greetings from the inhabitants of this world |
2 | 0:01:51 | Welsh | Frederick M. Ahl [11] | Iechyd da i chwi yn awr, ac yn oesoedd | Good health to you now and forever |
2 | 0:01:54 | Italian | Debby Grossvogel | Tanti auguri e saluti | Many greetings and wishes |
2 | 0:01:57 | Sinhalese | Kamal de Abrew | ආයුබෝවන්! Ayubowan! | Wish You a Long Life. |
2 | 0:02:00 | Nguni (Zulu) | Fred Dube | We greet you, great ones. We wish you longevity | |
2 | 0:02:05 | Sotho (Sesotho) | Fred Dube | We greet you, O great ones | |
2 | 0:02:08 | Wu | Yvonne Meinwald | 祝你们大家好。(Zu ni men da jia hao) | Best wishes to you all |
2 | 0:02:12 | Armenian[6] | Araxy Terzian | Բոլոր անոնց որ կը գտնուին տիեզերգի միգամածութիւնէն անդին, ողջոյններ | To all those who exist in the universe, greetings |
2 | 0:02:19 | Korean | Soon Hee Shin | 안녕하세요 | Please be well. |
2 | 0:02:22 | Polish | Maria Nowakowska-Stykos | Witajcie, istoty z zaświatów. | Welcome, beings from beyond the world. |
2 | 0:02:25 | Nepali | Durga Prashad Ojha | प्रिथ्वी वासीहरु बाट शान्ति मय भविष्य को शुभकामना | Wishing you a peaceful future from the earthlings |
2 | 0:02:29 | Mandarin Chinese | Liang Ku | 各位都好吧?我们都很想念你们,有空请到这来玩。 | How's everyone? We all very much wish to meet you, if you're free please come and visit |
2 | 0:02:35 | Ila (Zambia) | Saul Moobola | We wish all of you well | |
2 | 0:02:38 | Swedish | Gunnel Almgren Schaar | Hälsningar från en dataprogrammerare i den lilla universitetsstaden Ithaca på planeten Jorden | Greetings from a computer programmer in the small university town of Ithaca on (the) planet Earth |
2 | 0:02:45 | Nyanja | Saul Moobola | How are all you people of other planets? | |
2 | 0:02:48 | Gujarati | Radhekeant Dave | Greetings from a human being of the Earth. Please contact | |
2 | 0:03:03 | Ukrainian | Andrew Cebelsky | Пересилаємо привіт із нашого світу, бажаємо щастя, здоров'я і многая літа | We are sending greetings from our world, wishing you happiness, goodness, good health and many years |
2 | 0:03:09 | Persian | Eshagh Samehyeh | درود بر ساکنین ماورای آسمانها | Greetings to the residents of far skies |
2 | 0:03:22 | Serbian | Milan M. Smiljanić | Желимо вам све најлепше са наше планете | We wish you all the best, from our planet |
2 | 0:03:25 | Oriya | Raghaba Prasada Sahu | Greetings to the inhabitants of the universe from the third planet Earth of the star Sun | |
2 | 0:03:34 | Ganda (Luanda) | Elijah Mwima-Mudeenya | Greetings to all peoples of the universe. God give you peace always | |
2 | 0:03:38 | Marathi | Arati Pandit | नमस्कार. ह्या पृथ्वीतील लोक तुम्हाला त्यांचे शुभविचार पाठवतात आणि त्यांची इच्छा आहे की तुम्ही ह्या जन्मी धन्य व्हा. | Greetings. The people of the Earth send their good wishes and hope you find good fortune in this life. |
2 | 0:03:47 | Amoy (Min dialect) | Margaret Sook Ching See Gebauer | 太空朋友,恁好!恁食飽未?有閒著來阮遮坐喔。 (Thài-khong pêng-iú, lín-hó. Lín chia̍h-pá—bē? Ū-êng, to̍h lâi gún chia chē—ô͘!) | Friends of space, how are you all? Have you eaten yet? Come visit us if you have time |
2 | 0:03:55 | Hungarian (Magyar) | Elizabeth Bilson | Üdvözletet küldünk magyar nyelven minden békét szerető lénynek a Világegyetemen | We are sending greetings in the Hungarian language to all peace-loving beings on the Universe |
2 | 0:04:01 | Telugu | Prasad Kodukula | నమస్తే, తెలుగు మాట్లాడే జనముననించి మా శుభాకాంక్షలు. | Greetings. Best wishes from Telugu-speaking people |
2 | 0:04:05 | Czech | V. O. Kostroun | Milí přátelé, přejeme vám vše nejlepší | Dear Friends, we wish you the best |
2 | 0:04:08 | Kannada (Kanarese) | Shrinivasa K. Upadhaya | ನಮಸ್ತೆ, ಕನ್ನಡಿಗರ ಪರವಾಗಿ ಶುಭಾಷಯಗಳು. | Greetings. On behalf of Kannada-speaking people, 'good wishes' |
2 | 0:04:12 | Rajasthani | Mool C. Gupta | Hello to everyone. We are happy here and you be happy there | |
2 | 0:04:18 | English | Nick Sagan | Hello from the children of planet Earth | Hello from the children of planet Earth |
3 | 0:02:16 | Esperanto | Ralph Harry | Ni strebas vivi en paco kun la popoloj de la tuta mondo, de la tuta kosmo. | We strive to live in peace with the peoples of the whole world, of the whole cosmos. |
4 | 0:06:25 | !Kung, a San-language | Richard Borshay Lee |
Sounds
The next audio section is devoted to the "sounds of Earth" that include:[12]
|
|
Included within the Sounds of Earth audio portion of the Golden Record is a track containing the inspirational message per aspera ad astra in Morse Code. Translated from Latin, it means, through hardships to the stars.
Music
Following the section on the sounds of Earth, there is an eclectic 90-minute selection of music from many cultures, including Eastern and Western classics. The selections include:
Country | Piece | Author | Performer(s) | Recorded or collected by | Genre of music | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Germany | Brandenburg Concerto No. 2 in F. First Movement | J. S. Bach | Munich Bach Orchestra conducted by Karl Richter | Baroque chamber music | 4:40 | |
Indonesia | "Puspawarna" ("Kinds of Flowers") | Mangkunegara IV | Court gamelan of Pura Paku Alaman directed by K.R.T. Wasitodipuro | Robert E. Brown | Gamelan | 4:43 |
Senegal | Senegalese percussion | Charles Duvelle | Percussion | 2:08 | ||
Zaire | Pygmy girls' initiation song | Colin Turnbull | 0:56 | |||
Australia | "Morning Star" and "Devil Bird" | Sandra LeBrun Holmes | Aboriginal songs | 1:26 | ||
Mexico | "El Cascabel" | Lorenzo Barcelata | Antonio Maciel y Las Aguilillas with El Mariachi México de Pepe Villa | Mariachi | 3:14 | |
United States | "Johnny B. Goode" | Chuck Berry | Chuck Berry | Rock and roll | 2:03 | |
New Guinea | Men's house song | Robert MacLennan | 1:20 | |||
Japan | "Tsuru No Sugomori" 《鶴の巣籠り》 ("Crane's Nest") | Goro Yamaguchi 山口 五郎 | Shakuhachi 尺八 | 4:51 | ||
Germany | "Gavotte en rondeau" from the Partita No. 3 in E major for Violin | J. S Bach | Arthur Grumiaux | Baroque solo | Violin | 2:55 |
Austria | Die Zauberflöte, Queen of the Night aria No. 14 Der Hölle Rache kocht in meinem Herzen | Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart | Edda Moser (soprano) from the Bavarian State Opera, conducted by Wolfgang Sawallisch | Classical opera | 2:55 | |
Georgian SSR, Soviet Union | "ჩაკრულო" ("Tchakrulo") | Traditional | Georgian State Ensemble, directed by Anzor Kavsadze; soloists Ilia Zakaidze, Rostom Saginashvili[13][14] | Radio Moscow | Choral folk music | 2:18 |
Peru | Panpipes and drums | Traditional | Casa de la Cultura, Lima | Panpipes and drum | 0:52 | |
United States | "Melancholy Blues" | Marty Bloom, Walter Melrose | Louis Armstrong and his Hot Seven | Jazz | 3:05 | |
Azerbaijan SSR, Soviet Union | "Mugam" | Traditional | Kamil Jalilov | Radio Moscow | Balaban | 2:30 |
Russia/France/United States | The Rite of Spring, Sacrificial Dance | Stravinsky | Columbia Symphony Orchestra conducted by Igor Stravinsky | Modernist classical ballet | 4:35 | |
Canada/Germany | The Well-Tempered Clavier, Book 2, Prelude and Fugue No.1 in C major | J.S. Bach | Glenn Gould | Kevin Doyle | Baroque keyboard music | 4:48 |
Germany | Symphony No 5, First Movement | Beethoven | Philharmonia Orchestra conducted by Otto Klemperer | Romantic symphony | 7:20 | |
Bulgaria | "Излел е Делю хайдутин" ("Izlel je Delyo Hajdutin") | Valya Balkanska | Ethel Rain and Martin Koenig | Bulgarian folk | 4:59 | |
United States | Night Chant | Navajo Tribe | Willard Rhodes | Navajo chanting | 0:57 | |
United Kingdom | "The Faerie Round" from Pavans, Galliards, Almains and Other Short Aeirs | Anthony Holborne | David Munrow and the Early Music Consort of London | English consort music | 1:17 | |
Solomon Islands | Solomon Islands Broadcasting Service | Panpipes | 1:12 | |||
Peru | Wedding song | John Cohen | 0:38 | |||
China | "Liu Shui" 《流水》 ("Flowing Streams") | [Bo Ya] | Kuan P'ing-hu [Guan Pinghu 管平湖] | [Guqin 古琴] | 7:37 | |
India | "Jaat Kahan Ho" | Kesarbai Kerkar | Raga Bhairavi | 3:30 | ||
United States | "Dark Was the Night, Cold Was the Ground" | Blind Willie Johnson | Blind Willie Johnson | Gospel blues | 3:15 | |
Germany | Cavatina from the String Quartet No. 13 in B flat, Opus 130 | Beethoven | Budapest String Quartet | Romantic String Quartet | 6:37 |
Sagan had originally asked for permission to include "Here Comes the Sun" from the Beatles' album Abbey Road. While the Beatles favoured it, EMI opposed it and the song was not included.[15]
Brainwaves
The Golden Record also carried an hour long recording of the brainwaves of Ann Druyan, who would later marry Carl Sagan. In the Epilogue of the book Billions and Billions, she describes the experience:
Earlier I had asked Carl if those putative extraterrestrials of a billion years from now could conceivably interpret the brain waves of a meditator. Who knows? A billion years is a long, long time, was his reply. On the chance that it might be possible why don't we give it a try? Two days after our life-changing phone call, I entered a laboratory at Bellevue Hospital in New York City and was hooked up to a computer that turned all the data from my brain and heart into sound. I had a one-hour mental itinerary of the information I wished to convey. I began by thinking about the history of Earth and the life it sustains. To the best of my abilities I tried to think something of the history of ideas and human social organization. I thought about the predicament that our civilization finds itself in and about the violence and poverty that make this planet a hell for so many of its inhabitants. Toward the end I permitted myself a personal statement of what it was like to fall in love.[16]
On February 12, 2010, an interview with Ann Druyan was aired on National Public Radio (NPR) during which the above was explained in more detail.[17]
Images
Along with the audio, the record contains a collection of 116 pictures (one of which is for calibration) detailing but not limited to human life on earth and the planet itself. Many pictures are annotated with one or many indications of scales of time, size or mass. Some images also contain indications of chemical composition. All measures used on the pictures are first defined in the first few images using physical references.
Following is a list of all the images contained in the Voyager Golden Record together with, when copyright permits, the actual image, a description of the nature of the image and what annotations were included in them.[18]
Position | Thumbnail | Description | Type | Annotations |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Calibration circle | Black-and-white diagram | ||
2 | Solar location map | Black-and-white diagram | ||
3 | Mathematical definitions | Black-and-white text | ||
4 | Physical unit definitions | Black-and-white text | ||
5 | Solar system parameters | Black-and-white text | ||
6 | Solar system parameters | Black-and-white text | ||
7 | The Sun | Black-and-white image | ||
8 | Solar spectrum | Color image | ||
9 | Mercury | Black-and-white image | ||
10 | Mars | Black-and-white image | Size | |
11 | Jupiter | Color image | Size | |
12 | Earth | Color image | Size | |
13 | Egypt, Red Sea, Sinai Peninsula and the Nile | Color image | Chemical composition | |
14 | Chemical definitions | Color diagram | Size | |
15 | DNA Structure | Color diagram | Size | |
16 | DNA Structure magnified, light hit | Color diagram | Size | |
17 | Cells and cell division | Black-and-white image | Size | |
18 | Anatomy 1 (Skeleton front) | Color diagram | ||
19 | Anatomy 2 (Internal organs front) | Color diagram | ||
20 | Anatomy 3 (Skeleton and muscles back) | Color diagram | ||
21 | Anatomy 4 (Internal organs back) | Color diagram | ||
22 | Anatomy 5 (Ribcage) | Color diagram | ||
23 | Anatomy 6 (Muscles front) | Color diagram | Size | |
24 | Anatomy 7 (Heart, lungs, kidneys and main blood vessels back) | Color diagram | ||
25 | Anatomy 8 (Heart, lungs, kidneys and main blood vessels front) | Color diagram | ||
26 | Human sex organs | Black-and-white diagram | Size | |
27 | Diagram of conception | Black-and-white diagram | Size, time | |
28 | Conception | Color image | ||
29 | Fertilized ovum | Black-and-white image | Time | |
30 | Fetus diagram | Black-and-white diagram | Size, time | |
31 | Fetus | Color image | ||
32 | Diagram of male and female | Black-and-white diagram | Size, time | |
33 | Birth | Black-and-white image | ||
34 | File:Voyager Golden Record 34 Nursing Mother.gif | Nursing mother | Color image | |
35 | Father and daughter (Malaysia) | Color image | ||
36 | File:Voyager Golden Record 36 group of children.gif | Group of children | Color image | |
37 | Diagram of family ages | Black-and-white diagram | Mass, time | |
38 | Family portrait | Black-and-white image | ||
39 | Diagram of continental drift | Black-and-white diagram | Time | |
40 | Structure of the Earth | Black-and-white diagram | Size, chemical composition | |
41 | Heron Island (Great Barrier Reef of Australia) | Color image | ||
42 | Seashore | Color image | ||
43 | Snake River and Grand Tetons | Black-and-white image | ||
44 | Sand dunes | Color image | ||
45 | Monument Valley | Color image | ||
46 | Forest scene with mushrooms | Color image | ||
47 | Leaf | Color image | Size | |
48 | Autumn Fallen leaves | Color image | ||
49 | Snowflakes over Sequoia | Color image | ||
50 | Tree with daffodils | Color image | Size | |
51 | Flying insect with flowers | Color image | ||
52 | Diagram of vertebrate evolution | Black-and-white diagram | ||
53 | Seashell (Xancidae) | Color image | ||
54 | Dolphins | Color image | ||
55 | School of fish | Color image | ||
56 | Tree toad | Color image | ||
57 | Crocodile | Color image | ||
58 | Eagle | Color image | Size | |
59 | Waterhole | Color image | ||
60 | Jane Goodall and chimps | Color image | ||
61 | Sketch of bushmen | Black-and-white diagram | Size | |
62 | Bushmen hunters | Black-and-white image | ||
63 | File:Voyager Golden Record 63 man from Guatemala.gif | Man from Guatemala | Color image | |
64 | Dancer from Bali | Color image | ||
65 | Andean girls | Color image | ||
66 | Thailand master craftsman | Color image | ||
67 | Elephant | Color image | ||
68 | Old man with beard and glasses (Turkey) | Color image | ||
69 | Old man with dog and flowers | Color image | ||
70 | Mountain climber | Color image | ||
71 | Gymnast | Color image | Time | |
72 | Sprinters (Valeriy Borzov of the U.S.S.R. in lead) | Color image | ||
73 | File:Voyager Golden Record 73 schoolroom.gif | Schoolroom | Color image | |
74 | File:Voyager Golden Record 74 children with globe.gif | Children with globe | Color image | |
75 | Cotton harvest | Color image | ||
76 | Grape picker | Color image | ||
77 | Supermarket | Color image | ||
78 | Underwater scene with diver and fish | Color image | Chemical composition | |
79 | File:Voyager Golden Record 79 fishing boat with nets.gif | Fishing boat with nets | Color image | |
80 | Cooking fish | Color image | ||
81 | Chinese dinner party | Color image | ||
82 | Demonstration of licking, eating and drinking | Color image | ||
83 | Great Wall of China | Color image | ||
84 | File:Voyager Golden Record 84 house construction (Africa).gif | House construction (African) | Color image | |
85 | Construction scene (Amish country) | Color image | ||
86 | File:Voyager Golden Record 86 house (Africa).gif | House (Africa) | Color image | |
87 | House (New England) | Color image | ||
88 | Modern house (Cloudcroft, New Mexico) | Color image | ||
89 | "House interior with artist and fire" (Photo by Jim Amos of Jim Gray & his wife)[19] [20] | Color image | ||
90 | Taj Mahal | Color image | ||
91 | English city (Oxford) | Color image | ||
92 | Boston | Color image | ||
93 | File:Voyager Golden Record 93 UN building by day.gif | UN Building Day | Color image | |
94 | File:Voyager Golden Record 94 UN building at night.gif | UN Building Night | Color image | |
95 | Sydney Opera House | Color image | Size | |
96 | Artisan with drill | Black-and-white image | ||
97 | Factory interior | Color image | ||
98 | Museum | Color image | ||
99 | X-ray of hand | Color image | ||
100 | File:Voyager Golden Record 100 woman with microscope.gif | Woman with microscope | Color image | |
101 | File:Voyager Golden Record 101 street scene in Pakistan.gif | Street scene, Asia (Pakistan) | Color image | |
102 | File:Voyager Golden Record 102 rush hour traffic in Thailand.gif | Rush hour traffic, Thailand | Color image | |
103 | Modern highway (Ithaca, NY) | Color image | ||
104 | Golden Gate Bridge | Black-and-white image | Size | |
105 | Train | Color image | Size | |
106 | Airplane in flight | Color image | ||
107 | Airport (Toronto) | Black-and-white image | ||
108 | Antarctic Expedition | Color image | ||
109 | Radio telescope (Westerbork, Netherlands) | Black-and-white image | ||
110 | Radio telescope (Arecibo) | Color image | Size | |
111 | Page of book (Newton, System of the World) | Color image | ||
112 | Astronaut in space | Color image | ||
113 | Titan Centaur launch | Color image | ||
114 | Sunset with birds | Color image | ||
115 | String Quartet (Quartetto Italiano) | Color image | ||
116 | Violin with music score (Cavatina) | Color image |
See also
Notes and references
Notes
- ^ Somewhat loose translation; per NASA.
References
- ^ Sagan, Carl (1994). Pale Blue Dot: A Vision of the Human Future in Space (1st ed.). New York: Random House. ISBN 9780679438410.
- ^ "Traveller's Tales [Carl Sagan Tribute Series, S01E16]". Retrieved February 10, 2012.
- ^ Jon Lomberg: "Pictures of Earth". in Carl Sagan: Murmurs of Earth, 1978, New York, ISBN 0-679-74444-4
- ^ http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=7890
- ^ "Greetings to the Universe in 55 Different Languages". NASA. Retrieved September 6, 2006.
- ^ a b "Voyager(Languages): Armenian". Retrieved August 24, 2011.
- ^ Gambino, Megan (April 23, 2012). "What Is on Voyager's Golden Record?". Smithsonian Magazine. Retrieved 19 November 2012.
- ^ "Voyager: Greetings in 55 languages". Retrieved March 14, 2011.
- ^ "The Voyager Interstellar Record – 3/31 UN Greetings Whale Greetings". Retrieved February 10, 2012.
- ^ Sagan, Carl (1978). Murmurs of Earth: The Voyager Interstellar Record. ISBN 0345315367.
- ^ https://pbs.twimg.com/media/BERgXvxCYAAJN3h.jpg:large
- ^ "Voyager – Spacecraft – Golden Record – Sounds of Earth". NASA. Retrieved August 17, 2008.
- ^ Linich, Carl (19 March 2008). "Ilia Zakaidze". Georgian Folk Singing. Retrieved 9 October 2013.
- ^ "Voyager 1977 - Georgian folk song "Chakrulo" in space - "ჩაკრულო" კოსმოსში". Youtube (interview with Anzor Erkomaishvili and others) (in Georgian). Retrieved 9 October 2013.
- ^ Sagan, Carl et al. (1978) Murmurs of Earth: The Voyager Interstellar Record. New York: Random House. ISBN 0-394-41047-5 (hardcover), ISBN 0-345-28396-1 (paperback)
- ^ Sagan, Carl (1997). Billions and Billions: Thoughts on Life and Death at the Brink of the Millennium. Random House. ISBN 0-679-41160-7.
- ^ Carl Sagan And Ann Druyan's Ultimate Mix Tape
- ^ "Greetings to the Universe in 55 Different Languages". NASA. Retrieved May 26, 2010.
- ^ "Great Smokies National Park: Solitude for Millions". National Geographic Society.
- ^ "House interior with artist and fire". NASA.
External links
- Official NASA JPL page about the Golden Record
- Multimedia showcase with the contents of the Golden Record
- Voyager Golden Record – all images, languages, and sounds – re-lab.net
- The Infinite Voyager : The Golden Record - built by Lily Bui from MIT
- Voyager 1 Audio on Internet Archive
- Oficial Nasa Soundcloud page with sounds from Golden Record