West End theatre
West End theatre is a common term for mainstream professional theatre staged in the large theatres of "Theatreland" in and near the West End of London.[1] Along with New York's Broadway theatre, West End theatre is usually considered to represent the highest level of commercial theatre in the English-speaking world. Seeing a West End show is a common tourist activity in London.[1]
Total attendances first surpassed 12 million in 2002 and then 13 million in 2007,[2] setting a new record for the West End. In 2013 ticket sales reached a record 14.5 million.[3] Famous screen actors regularly appear on the London stage.[4]
History
The Theatre in London flourished after the English Reformation. The first permanent public playhouse, known simply as The Theatre, was constructed in 1576 in Shoreditch by James Burbage. It was soon joined by The Curtain. Both are known to have been used by William Shakespeare's company. In 1599, the timber from The Theatre was moved to Southwark, where it was used in building the Globe Theatre in a new theatre district formed beyond the controls of the City corporation. These theatres were closed in 1642 due to the Puritans who would later influence the interregnum of 1649.
After the Restoration (1660), two companies were licensed to perform, the Duke's Company and the King's Company. Performances were held in converted buildings, such as Lisle's Tennis Court. The first West End theatre, known as Theatre Royal in Bridges Street, was designed by Thomas Killigrew and built on the site of the present Theatre Royal, Drury Lane. It opened on 7 May 1663 and was destroyed by a fire nine years later. It was replaced by a new structure designed by Christopher Wren and renamed the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane.[5][6]
Outside the West End, Sadler's Wells Theatre opened in Islington on 3 June 1683. Taking its name from founder Richard Sadler and monastic springs that were discovered on the property,[7][8] it operated as a "Musick House", with performances of opera; as it was not licensed for plays. In the West End, the Haymarket Theatre opened on 29 December 1720 on a site slightly north of its current location, and the Theatre Royal, Covent Garden opened in Covent Garden on 7 December 1732.
The Patent theatre companies retained their duopoly on drama well into the 19th century, and all other theatres could perform only musical entertainments. By the early 19th century, however, music hall entertainments became popular, and presenters found a loophole in the restrictions on non-patent theatres in the genre of melodrama. Melodrama did not break the Patent Acts, as it was accompanied by music. Initially, these entertainments were presented in large halls, attached to public houses, but purpose-built theatres began to in the East End at Shoreditch and Whitechapel.
The West End theatre district became established with the opening of many small theatres and halls, including the Adelphi in The Strand on 17 November 1806. South of the River Thames, the Old Vic, Waterloo Road, opened on 11 May 1818. The expansion of the West End theatre district gained pace with the Theatres Act 1843; which relaxed the conditions for the performance of plays, and The Strand gained another venue when the Vaudeville opened on 16 April 1870. The next few decades saw the opening of many new theatres in the West End. The Criterion Theatre opened on Piccadilly Circus on 21 March 1874, and in 1881, two more houses appeared: the Savoy Theatre in The Strand, built by Richard D'Oyly Carte specifically to showcase the comic operas of Gilbert and Sullivan, opened on 10 October (the first theatre to be lit by cooler, cleaner electric lights), and five days later the Comedy Theatre opened as the Royal Comedy Theatre on Panton Street in Leicester Square. It abbreviated its name three years later.[6] The theatre building boom continued until about World War I.
The London Opera Glass Company was founded in 1913 and has provided opera glasses for many West End theatres.[9][10]
During the 1950s and 1960s, many plays were produced in theatre clubs, in order to evade the censorship then exercised by the Lord Chamberlain's Office. The Theatres Act 1968 finally abolished censorship of the stage in the United Kingdom.
Theatreland
"Theatreland", London's main theatre district, contains approximately forty venues and is located in and near the heart of the West End of central London. It is traditionally defined by The Strand to the south, Oxford Street to the north, Regent Street to the west, and Kingsway to the east, but a few other nearby theaters are also considered "West End" despite being outside the area proper (e.g. The Apollo Victoria Theatre, in Westminster). Prominent theatre streets include Drury Lane, Shaftesbury Avenue, and The Strand. The works staged are predominantly musicals, classic and modern straight plays, and comedy performances.[11]
Many theatres in the West End are of late Victorian or Edwardian construction and are privately owned. The majority of them have great character, and the largest and best maintained feature grand neo-classical, Romanesque, or Victorian façades and luxurious, detailed interior design and decoration. On the other hand, leg room is often cramped, and audience facilities such as bars and toilets are often much smaller than in modern theatres. The protected status of the buildings and their confined urban locations, combined with financial constraints, make it very difficult to make substantial improvements to the level of comfort offered. In 2003, the Theatres Trust estimated that an investment of £250 million over the following 15 years was required for modernisation,[12] and stated that 60% of theatres had seats from which the stage was not fully visible.[13] The theatre owners unsuccessfully requested tax concessions to help them meet the costs. Several incidents followed from 2004 onwards of falling plasterwork or performances being cancelled because of urgent building repairs being required culminating in the partial collapse of the ceiling of the Apollo Theatre in December 2013.[14] Of these earlier incidents, only one led to people being hurt,[15] but at the Apollo Theatre 76 people needed medical treatment for their injuries.[16]
In 2012 Gross sales of £529,787,692 were up 0.27% and attendances also increased 0.56% to 13,992,773 year-on-year[17] In 2013, sales again rose this time by 11% to £585,506,455,[18] with attendances rising to 14,587,276.[19] This was despite slightly fewer performances occurring in 2013.[20]
Long-running shows
The length of West End shows depend on ticket sales. Musicals tend to have longer runs than dramas.[citation needed] The longest-running musical in West End history is Les Misérables. It overtook Andrew Lloyd Webber's Cats, which closed in 2002 after running for 8,949 performances and 21 years, as the longest-running West End musical of all time on 8 October 2006. Other long-runners include Lloyd Webber's The Phantom of the Opera and Willy Russell's Blood Brothers which have also subsequently overtaken Cats. However the non-musical Agatha Christie play The Mousetrap is the longest-running production in the world, and has been performed continuously since 1952.
- The Mousetrap – opened 25 November 1952 at the Ambassadors Theatre, now playing at the St Martin's Theatre[21] – 63rd year
- Les Misérables – opened 8 October 1985 at the Barbican, now playing at the Queen's Theatre[22] – 30th year
- The Phantom of the Opera – opened 9 October 1986 at Her Majesty's Theatre[23] – 29th year
- The Woman in Black – opened 15 February 1989 at the Strand Theatre, now playing at the Fortune Theatre[24] – 26th year
- Blood Brothers – opened 27 August 1988 at the Albery Theatre, later transferring to the Phoenix Theatre and closed on 10 November 2012[25] – 24 years
- Cats – opened 11 May 1981 at the New London Theatre and closed 11 May 2002 on its 21st anniversary[26]
- Starlight Express – opened 27 March 1984 at the Apollo Victoria Theatre and closed 12 January 2002[26] – 17 years
- No Sex Please, We're British – opened 3 June 1971 at the Strand Theatre and closed 16 January 1987[26] – 16 years
- Mamma Mia! – opened 6 April 1999 at the Prince Edward Theatre, moving later to the Prince of Wales Theatre and now playing at the Novello Theatre[27] – 16th year
- The Lion King – opened 19 October 1999 at the Lyceum Theatre[28] – 16th year
- Chicago – opened 18 November 1997 at the Adelphi Theatre, transferring later to the Cambridge Theatre and the Garrick Theatre and closed 1 September 2012[26] – 15 years
- Stomp – opened 25 September 2002 at the Vaudeville Theatre, later transferring to the Ambassadors Theatre opening on 27 September 2007[29] – 13th year
- Buddy – The Buddy Holly Story – opened 12 October 1989 at the Victoria Palace Theatre, transferred to the Strand Theatre in October 1995 and closed 19 May 2002[26] – 12 years
- We Will Rock You – opened 14 May 2002 and closed on 31 May 2014 at the Dominion Theatre[30] – 12 years
- The Black and White Minstrel Show – opened in 1962 at the Victoria Palace Theatre and closed about 1972[26] – 10 years
- Miss Saigon – opened 20 September 1989 at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane and closed 30 October 1999[26] – 10 years
- Billy Elliot the Musical – opened 11 May 2005 at the Victoria Palace Theatre[31] – 10th year
- The 39 Steps – opened 20 September 2006 at the Criterion Theatre and will soon close on 5 September 2015 [32] – 9 years
- Wicked – opened 27 September 2006 at the Apollo Victoria Theatre[33] – 9th year
- The Complete Works of William Shakespeare (Abridged) – opened March 7, 1996 at the Criterion Theatre and closed on April 3, 2005[26] – 9 years
- Jersey Boys – opened 18 March 2008 at the Prince Edward Theatre, transferred to the Piccadilly Theatre on 15 March 2014[34] – 8th year
- Jesus Christ Superstar – opened 9 August 1972 at the Palace Theatre and closed about 1980[26] – 8 years
- Me and My Girl (revival) – opened 12 February 1985 at the Adelphi Theatre and closed 16 January 1993[26] – 8 years
- The Sound of Music – opened 18 May 1961 at the Palace Theatre and closed about 1968[26] – 7 years
- Evita – opened 21 January 1978 at the Prince Edward Theatre and closed on 8 February 1986[26] – 7 years
- There's a Girl in My Soup – opened June 1966 at the Globe Theatre. Closed in 1973 after over a thousand performances[26] – 6½ years
- Oliver! – opened 30 June 1960 at the New Theatre (now the Noël Coward Theatre) and closed about 1966[26] – 6 years
- Thriller – Live – opened 21 January 2009 at the Lyric Theatre[35] – 6th year
- War Horse – opened 3 April 2009 at the New London Theatre and will close on 12 March 2016[36] – 6½ years
List of West End theatres
- If no show is currently running, the play listed is the next show planned (dates marked with an *)
- If the next show planned is not announced, the applicable columns are left blank
Upcoming productions
The following have been announced as future West End productions. The theatre in which they will run is either not yet known or currently occupied by another show.
Musicals
- Aladdin, Prince Edward Theatre[72]
- Guys and Dolls, Savoy Theatre[73]
- Motown: The Musical, Shaftesbury Theatre[74]
- Mrs Henderson Presents, Noël Coward Theatre[75]
- The Wind in the Willows, TBC[76]
Plays
- 30 Million Minutes, Vaudeville Theatre[77]
- Breakfast at Tiffany's, Theatre Royal, Haymarket[78]
- A Christmas Carol, Noël Coward Theatre[79]
- The Entertainer, Garrick Theatre[49]
- Goodnight Mister Tom, Duke of York's Theatre[80]
- Hand to God, Vaudeville Theatre[81]
- Hangmen, Wyndham's Theatre[82]
- Harry Potter and the Cursed Child, Palace Theatre[83]
- The Homecoming, Trafalgar Studios 1[84]
- The Painkiller, Garrick Theatre[49]
- People, Places and Things, Wyndham's Theatre[85]
- Peter Pan Goes Wrong, Apollo Theatre[86]
- Red Velvet, Garrick Theatre[49]
- Romeo and Juliet, Garrick Theatre[49]
- The Wasp, Trafalgar Studios 2[67]
Entertainment
- Derren Brown: Miracle, Palace Theatre[87]
- The Illusionists – Witness the Impossible, Shaftesbury Theatre[88]
London's non-commercial theatres
The term West End Theatre is generally used to refer specifically to commercial productions in Theatreland. However the leading non-commercial theatres in London, including the Royal National Theatre, the Barbican Theatre, the Royal Court Theatre, the Globe Theatre, the Old Vic, the Young Vic, the Hampstead Theatre, the Almeida Theatre, and the Open Air Theatre, are located outside Theatreland, and enjoy great artistic prestige. These theatres stage a high proportion of straight drama, Shakespeare, other classic plays and premieres of new plays by leading playwrights. Successful productions from the non-commercial theatres sometimes transfer to one of the commercial Theatreland houses for an extended run.
The Royal Opera House is widely regarded as one of the greatest opera houses in the world, comparable with the Palais Garnier, La Scala and the Metropolitan Opera House. Commonly known simply as Covent Garden due to its location, it is unique among West End venues in many ways, not least in having three resident performance companies, the Royal Opera, Royal Ballet and a resident symphony orchestra. It has three performance spaces (the Main Auditorium, Linbury Theatre and Clore Studio) and hosts guest performances from other leading opera, ballet and performance companies from around the world.
Likewise, the London Coliseum is the resident home to the English National Opera. The theatre is also the London base for performances by the English National Ballet, who perform regular seasons throughout the year when not on tour.
The Peacock Theatre is also located in the Theatreland area. Now owned by the London School of Economics and Political Science, it is sometimes used for dance performances by Sadler's Wells, who manage the theatre on behalf of the school.
Other London theatre
There are a great number of theatre productions in London outside the West End. Much of this is known as fringe theatre which is the equivalent of Off Broadway Theatre in New York. Among these are the Bush Theatre and the Donmar Warehouse. Fringe venues range from well-equipped small theatres to rooms above pubs, and the performances range from classic plays, to cabaret, to plays in the languages of London's ethnic minorities. The performers range from emerging young professionals to amateurs.
There are many theatres located throughout Greater London, such as the Lyric Hammersmith, Rose Theatre, Kingston, New Wimbledon Theatre, the Ashcroft Theatre in Croydon, Secombe Theatre in Sutton and the Churchill Theatre in Bromley.
Awards
There are a number of annual awards for outstanding achievements in London theatre:
- Laurence Olivier Awards
- Evening Standard Awards
- WhatsOnStage Awards
- London Critics' Circle Theatre Awards
- National Dance Awards
- West End Cares Awards
- West End Frame Awards
See also
- Culture of London
- List of London venues
- List of West End musicals
- List of notable musical theatre productions
- Musical theatre
- Great West End Theatres
- List of former theatres in London
Notes
- ^ a b Christopher Innes, "West End" in The Cambridge Guide to Theatre (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998), pp. 1194–1195, ISBN 0-521-43437-8
- ^ Singh, Anita (8 July 2008). "TV talent shows help West End shows to record audience". London: Telegraph. Retrieved 17 January 2010.
- ^ Singh, Anita (23 June 2015). "West End audiences hit record high thanks to Twitter". The Daily Telegraph. London. The Telegraph.
- ^ "Stars on stage". London theatre. Retrieved 23 June 2015
- ^ "London's Vibrant West End Theatre SCENE". TheatreHistory.com. Retrieved 17 January 2010.
- ^ a b "London pub trivia – Ten oldest London theatres". Timeout London. 12 December 2006. Retrieved 17 January 2010.
- ^ "London's Lost Tea-Gardens: I". Story of London. Retrieved 17 January 2010.
- ^ "Sadler's Wells Theatre". LondonTown.com. Retrieved 17 January 2010.
- ^ "Two famous London theatres get Opera Glasses in time for new productions". Theatre Views Newsletter. Summer 2009. Retrieved 9 May 2012.
{{cite web}}: External link in|work= - ^ a b "1.8 million views of Lion King". Theatre Views Newsletter. October 2011. Retrieved 9 May 2012.
{{cite web}}: External link in|work= - ^ Michael Billington "Snooty about musicals? Sheila Hancock should change her tune", theguardian.com (blog), 16 March 2001
- ^ Giles Worsley "Falling Houses", telegraph.co.uk, 6 December 2003
- ^ Michael Billington "Crisis in the West End", The Guardian, 2 August 2007
- ^ Sarah Jane Griffiths "How safe is London's Theatreland?", BBC News, 20 December 2013
- ^ At the Theatre Royal Haymarket in 2004, 15 people were injured when part of the ceiling fell on to them, see the Sarah Jane Griffiths article above.
- ^ Alice Philipson, and Andrew Marszal "Apollo Theatre ceiling in London's West End collapses: scores injured", telegraph.co.uk, 20 December
- ^ http://www.solt.co.uk/downloads/pdfs/pressroom/2013-01-29-SOLT%202012-box-office-figures.pdf
- ^ Singh, Anita (29 January 2014). "West End audiences hit record high thanks to Twitter". telegraph.co.uk. London: The Telegraph. Retrieved 29 January 2014.
- ^ "West End Theatre Ticket Sales At Record High". news.sky.com. Sky News. 29 January 2014. Retrieved 29 January 2014.
- ^ "West End Has Another Record Year, With Increases in Both Attendance and Revenue". playbill.com. Playbill. 29 January 2014. Retrieved 29 January 2014.
- ^ "The Mousetrap London theatre tickets and information". Thisistheatre.com. Retrieved 17 January 2010.
- ^ "Les Miserables – information on the show". WestEndTheatre.com. Retrieved 15 May 2013.
- ^ "Phantom of The Opera London – information on the theatre show". Thisistheatre.com. Retrieved 17 January 2010.
- ^ "The Woman in Black – information on the show". WestEndTheatre.com. Retrieved 15 May 2013.
- ^ "Blood Brothers London – information on the show". WestEndTheatre.com. Retrieved 15 May 2013.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n "Long Runs – Broadway, Off Broadway, London, Toronto & Other Major Cities". World-theatres.com. Retrieved 16 March 2014.
- ^ "Mamma Mia! – information on the theatre show". WestEndTheatre.com. Retrieved 15 May 2013.
- ^ "Disney's The Lion King – information on the theatre show". WestEndTheatre.com. Retrieved 15 May 2013.
- ^ "Stomp – information on the show". WestEndTheatre.com. Retrieved 15 May 2013.
- ^ "We Will Rock You – information on the show". WestEndTheatre.com. Retrieved 15 May 2013.
- ^ "Billy Elliot The Musical – information on the show". WestEndTheatre.com. Retrieved 15 May 2013.
- ^ "The 39 Steps – information on the show". WestEndTheatre.com. Retrieved 15 May 2013.
- ^ "Wicked – information on the show". WestEndTheatre.com. Retrieved 15 May 2013.
- ^ "Jersey Boys – information on the show". WestEndTheatre.com. Retrieved 15 May 2013.
- ^ "Thriller Live – information on the show". WestEndTheatre.com. Retrieved 20 January 2014.
- ^ "War Horse – information on the show". Retrieved 6 April 2014.
- ^ "Kinky Boots musical comes to London". bbc.co.uk/news. BBC News. 6 February 2015. Retrieved 6 February 2015.
- ^ "Carole King Musical Beautiful opens in West End in 2015". whatsonstage.com. WhatsOnStage. 5 September 2014. Retrieved 5 September 2014.
- ^ "Showstopper! The Improvised Musical". londontheatre.co.uk. London Theatre. 12 August 2015. Retrieved 12 August 2015.
- ^ "Apollo Theatre". nimaxtheatres.com. Apollo Theatre. Retrieved 2 July 2013.
- ^ "Green Day's American Idiot starring Amelia Lily at Arts". londontheatre.co.uk. London Theatre. 1 May 2015. Retrieved 1 May 2015.
- ^ "Arts Theatre". artstheatrewestend.co.uk. Arts Theatre. Retrieved 2 July 2013.
- ^ "Bacharach Imagined transfers to Criterion". whatsonstage.com. WhatsOnStage. 4 September 2015. Retrieved 4 September 2015.
- ^ "Technical Overview". criterion-theatre.co.uk. Criterion Theatre. Retrieved 2 July 2013.
- ^ "Elf Goes to London! Stage Adaptation of Hit Film to Play Limited West End Christmas Engagement". broadway.com. Broadway.com. 6 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
- ^ "The Play That Goes Wrong at Duchess Theatre from Sept". londontheatre.co.uk. London Theatre. 24 April 2014. Retrieved 24 April 2014.
- ^ "Duchess Theatre". nimaxtheatres.com. Duchess Theatre. Retrieved 2 July 2013.
- ^ "Farinelli and the King transfers to the West End". londontheatre.co.uk. London Theatre. 6 March 2015. Retrieved 7 March 2015.
- ^ a b c d e "The Kenneth Branagh Theatre Company – Garrick". londontheatre.co.uk. London Theatre. 17 April 2015. Retrieved 17 April 2015.
- ^ "Garrick Theatre". nimaxtheatres.com. Garrick Theatre. Retrieved 2 July 2013.
- ^ "Curious Incident play changes venue after ceiling collapse". bbc.co.uk/news. BBC News. 8 January 2014. Retrieved 8 January 2014.
- ^ "A Sunny Afternoon for London's West End! Dates Announced for Kinks Bio-Musical". broadway.com. Broadway.com. 26 June 2014. Retrieved 26 June 2014.
- ^ "Cats returns to the London Palladium from October". londontheatre.co.uk. London Theatre. 24 April 2015. Retrieved 25 April 2015.
- ^ "Lyric Theatre". nimaxtheatres.com. Lyric Theatre. Retrieved 2 July 2013.
- ^ "War Horse announces West End closing date". whatsonstage.com. Whats On Stage. 17 September 2015. Retrieved 17 September 2015.
- ^ "Nicole Kidman to return to London stage after 17 years". bbc.co.uk/news. BBC News. 23 April 2015. Retrieved 23 April 2015.
- ^ "The West End's The Commitments Extends Booking Through April 2015". playbill.com. Playbill. 19 March 2014. Retrieved 19 March 2014.
- ^ "Seating". palacetheatrelondon.org. Palace Theatre. Retrieved 2 July 2013.
- ^ "The Commitments to close in November". whatsonstage.com. Whats On Stage. 21 May 2015. Retrieved 23 May 2015.
- ^ "Bend it Like Beckham musical comes to the West End in 2015". whatsonstage.com. WhatsOnStage. 31 October 2014. Retrieved 31 October 2014.
- ^ "West End's Jersey Boys to Move Home from Prince Edward to Piccadilly Theatre". playbill.com. Playbill. 14 June 2013. Retrieved 27 June 2013.
- ^ "Lord of the Dance transfers to the Playhouse Theatre". londontheatre.co.uk. London Theatre. 17 September 2015. Retrieved 17 September 2015.
- ^ "Miss Saigon to return to West End in 2014". bbc.co.uk. BBC News. 20 June 2013. Retrieved 27 June 2013.
- ^ "Gypsy transfers to London's Savoy Theatre". londontheatre.co.uk. London Theatre. 18 December 2014. Retrieved 18 December 2014.
- ^ "Mr Foote's Other Leg transfers to the Haymarket". londontheatre.co.uk. London Theatre. 5 October 2015. Retrieved 5 October 2015.
- ^ "The Almeida's Oresteia transfers to Trafalgar Studios". londontheatre.co.uk. London Theatre. 31 July 2015. Retrieved 1 August 2015.
- ^ a b "Four Minutes Twelve Seconds and The Wasp transfer". londontheatre.co.uk. London Theatre. 9 September 2015. Retrieved 9 September 2015.
- ^ "David Suchet stars in The Importance of Being Earnest". londontheatre.co.uk. London Theatre. 23 January 2015. Retrieved 24 January 2015.
- ^ "Vaudeville Theatre". nimaxtheatres.com. Vaudeville Theatre. Retrieved 2 July 2013.
- ^ "Billy Elliot The Musical Opens in London May 11". playbill.com. Playbill. 11 May 2005. Retrieved 4 April 2014.
- ^ "The Father transfers to Wyndham's for limited run". londontheatre.co.uk. London Theatre. 1 July 2015. Retrieved 4 July 2015.
- ^ "Disney's Aladdin coming to West End summer 2016?". Retrieved 3 October 2015.
- ^ "Guys and Dolls transfers to London's Savoy Theatre". londontheatre.co.uk. London Theatre. 12 June 2015. Retrieved 12 June 2015.
- ^ "Motown the Musical Sets West End Dates and Theatre". playbill.com. Playbill. 15 May 2015. Retrieved 23 May 2015.
- ^ "Mrs Henderson Presents transfers to the Noel Coward". londontheatre.co.uk. London Theatre. 9 October 2015. Retrieved 9 October 2015.
- ^ "New Wind in the Willows musical to open October 2016". Retrieved 3 October 2015.
- ^ "Dawn French's 30 Million Minutes at the Vaudeville". londontheatre.co.uk. London Theatre. 23 April 2015. Retrieved 25 April 2015.
- ^ "Pixie Lott to star in Breakfast at Tiffany's – Haymarket". londontheatre.co.uk. London Theatre. 5 June 2015. Retrieved 6 June 2015.
- ^ "Jim Broadbent to star in A Christmas Carol". londontheatre.co.uk. London Theatre. 1 September 2015. Retrieved 1 September 2015.
- ^ "Goodnight Mister Tom at Duke of York's Theatre". londontheatre.co.uk. London Theatre. 11 September 2015. Retrieved 11 September 2015.
- ^ "JBroadway comedy Hand to God transfers to West End in 2016". whatsonstage.co.uk. WhatsOnStage. 9 September 2015. Retrieved 9 September 2015.
- ^ "Martin McDonagh's Hangmen transfers to the Wyndham's". londontheatre.co.uk. London Theatre. 2 October 2015. Retrieved 3 October 2015.
- ^ "Harry Potter and the Cursed Child play to open in West End in 2016". theguardian.com. The Guardian. 26 June 2015. Retrieved 26 June 2015.
- ^ "Jamie Lloyd directs Pinter's The Homecoming". londontheatre.co.uk. London Theatre. 18 September 2015. Retrieved 18 September 2015.
- ^ "People, Places and Things transfers to the Wyndham's". londontheatre.co.uk. London Theatre. 19 October 2015. Retrieved 19 October 2015.
- ^ "Peter Pan Goes Wrong to play Apollo Theatre". londontheatre.co.uk. London Theatre. 8 September 2015. Retrieved 9 September 2015.
- ^ http://www.officiallondontheatre.co.uk/news/latest-news/article/item287003/derren-brown-brings-miracle-to-london.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ "The Illusionists to run at the Shaftesbury Theatre". londontheatre.co.uk. London Theatre. 22 June 2015. Retrieved 22 June 2015.
External links
- Society of London Theatre – trade body for the London theatre industry
