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Indian Premier League
File:Pepsi IPL logo.png
CountriesIndiaIndia
AdministratorBCCI
FormatTwenty20
First edition2008[1]
Next edition2016
Tournament formatDouble round-robin and playoffs
Number of teams8 (current)
11(total)
Current championMumbai Indians (2nd title)
Most successfulMumbai Indians,
Chennai Super Kings,
Kolkata Knight Riders
(2 titles each)
QualificationThe top 3 teams qualify directly for the Champions League Twenty20, with the fourth team entering the playoffs.
Most runsIndia Suresh Raina (3699)[2]
Most wicketsSri Lanka Lasith Malinga (143)[3]
TVList of Broadcasters
Websiteiplt20.com
2015 Indian Premier League

The Indian Premier League (IPL) is a professional Twenty20 cricket league in India contested annually by franchise teams representing Indian cities. The league, founded by the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) in 2008, is scheduled over April and May of each year.[N 1][4]

The IPL is the most-watched Twenty20 league worldwide. In 2010, the IPL became the first sporting event to be broadcast live on YouTube. The brand value of the 2014 Indian Premier League was estimated to be US$7.2 billion.[5] Rajeev Shukla was made the Chairman of Indian Premier League in 2008. But, following the scandal over alleged corruption and spot-fixing in the IPL, Shukla resigned as its chairman on 1 June 2013.[6]

Of the 11 teams to have competed since its inception, five have won the title at least once. Mumbai Indians, Kolkata Knight Riders and Chennai Super Kings have won twice while Rajasthan Royals and Deccan Chargers have won once. Mumbai Indians are the current champions having won the 2015 season.[7]

Shane Watson is the only player to lead most runs,[8] most wickets,[9] highest score,[10] highest batting average,[11] most sixes,[12] for a team in T20, as well as the only player to win the Man of the Tournament award twice. pune and rajkot are two new IPL teams.

Foundation

The Indian Cricket League (ICL) was a private cricket league funded by Zee Entertainment Enterprises that operated in India between 2007 and 2009. The BCCI and the International Cricket Council did not recognize the ICL.[13] To prevent players from joining the ICL, the BCCI increased the prize money in domestic tournaments and imposed lifetime bans on players joining the ICL, which was considered a rebel league.[14] The BCCI tasked Lalit Modi with starting a Twenty20 league to rival the ICL. This official franchisee-based league was named the Indian Premier League and launched in April 2008.[15]

League organization

Original franchises

The BCCI invited bids for eight franchises at a base price of US$400 million. The winning bidders were announced on 24 January 2008:[16][16] Mumbai (Mumbai Indians), Bangalore (Royal Challengers Bangalore), Chennai (Chennai Super Kings), Delhi (Delhi Daredevils), Kolkata (Kolkata Knight Riders), Hyderabad (Deccan Chargers), Jaipur (Rajasthan Royals) and Mohali (Kings XI Punjab). The auction fetched US$723.59 million[17]

Expansions

On 21 March 2010, two additional franchises - Pune (Pune Warriors India) and Kochi (Kochi Tuskers Kerala) were unveiled before the fourth season. While Pune Warriors was bought by Sahara Adventure Sports Group for $370 million, the Kochi franchise was bought by Rendezvous Sports World Limited for $333.3 million.[18] A new franchise based in Hyderabad (Sunrisers Hyderabad) were awarded to the Sun TV Network in October 2012 after the termination of Deccan Chargers.[19] now Pune and rajkot are two new teams will play in 2016 and 2017.

List of franchises

class=notpageimage|
Locations of the current IPL clubs
class=notpageimage|
Locations of defunct IPL clubs
Club name City Owner(s) Captain Head coach Home ground(s)
Current franchises
Delhi Daredevils New Delhi Grandhi Mallikarjuna Rao (GMR) JP Duminy Gary Kirsten Feroz Shah Kotla
New Delhi, Delhi
Shaheed Veer Narayan Singh International Cricket Stadium
Raipur, Chhattisgarh
Kings XI Punjab Mohali Preity Zinta (PZNZ Media),
Ness Wadia (Bombay Dyeing),
Mohit Burman (Dabur), The Oberoi Group 		George Bailey Sanjay Bangar PCA Stadium
Mohali, Punjab
HPCA Stadium
Dharamshala, Himachal Pradesh
MCA Stadium
Pune, Maharashtra
Kolkata Knight Riders Kolkata Shahrukh Khan (Red Chillies Entertainment)
Juhi Chawla, Jay Mehta (Mehta Group) 		Gautam Gambhir Trevor Bayliss Eden Gardens
Kolkata, West Bengal
Mumbai Indians Mumbai Mukesh Ambani (Reliance Group) Rohit Sharma Ricky Ponting Wankhede Stadium
Mumbai, Maharashtra
Brabourne Stadium
Mumbai, Maharashtra
DY Patil Stadium
Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra
Royal Challengers Bangalore Bangalore Vijay Mallya (UB Group) Virat Kohli Daniel Vettori M. Chinnaswamy Stadium
Bangalore, Karnataka
Sunrisers Hyderabad Hyderabad Kalanidhi Maran (Sun Group) David Warner Tom Moody Rajiv Gandhi International Cricket Stadium
Hyderabad, Telangana
Dr. Y.S. Rajasekhara Reddy ACA-VDCA Cricket Stadium
Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh
Currently suspended
Chennai Super Kings Chennai India Cements MS Dhoni Stephen Fleming M. A. Chidambaram Stadium
Chennai, Tamil Nadu
JSCA International Cricket Stadium
Ranchi, Jharkhand
Rajasthan Royals Jaipur Lachlan Murdoch (Emerging Media)
Shilpa Shetty, Raj Kundra (UK Tradecorp Ltd) 		Steve Smith Paddy Upton Sawai Mansingh Stadium
Jaipur, Rajasthan
Sardar Patel Stadium
Ahmedabad, Gujarat
Brabourne Stadium
Mumbai, Maharashtra
Defunct
Kochi Tuskers Kerala
 Kochi Rendezvous Sports World Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, Kochi
Pune Warriors India
 Pune Sahara Adventure Sports India Subrata Roy Sahara Stadium, Pune
Deccan Chargers
 Hyderabad Deccan Chronicle Holdings Limited Rajiv Gandhi International Cricket Stadium
Hyderabad

Tournament rules

A franchise can acquire a player through five ways: in the annual auction, by signing domestic players, by signing uncapped players, through trading, and through signing replacements.[20][21] In the trading window, a player can only be traded with his consent, with the franchise paying the difference if any between the old and new contract. If the new contract is worth more than the older one, the difference is shared between the player and the franchise selling the player.[22][23]

Some of the team composition rules are as follows:

  • A minimum squad strength of 16 players, one physiotherapist and a coach.
  • No more than 10 foreign players on the squad and a maximum of four foreign players in the playing XI.
  • A minimum of 14 Indian players must be included in each squad.
  • A minimum of six players from the BCCI under-22 pool must be included in each squad.

IPL games utilise television timeouts and hence there is no time limit in which teams must complete their innings. However, a penalty may be imposed if the umpires find teams misusing this privilege. Each team is given a two-and-a-half-minute "strategic timeout" during each innings; one must be taken by the bowling team between the 6th and 10th overs, and one by the batting team between the 11th and 16th overs.[24]

The total spending cap for a franchise in the first player auction was US$5 million. Under-22 players are to be remunerated with a minimum annual salary of US$20,000, whereas for others the minimum was US$50,000.

The schedule's format was changed with each team playing five other teams selected at random twice in a home-away format and four other teams once.

Prize money

The 2015 season of the IPL offered a total prize money of ₹40 crore (US$4.7 million), with the winning team netting ₹15 crore (US$1.8 million).[25] The first and second runners up received 10 and 7.5 crores, respectively, with the fourth placed team also winning 7.5 crores. The others teams are not awarded any prize money. The IPL rules mandate that half the prize money must be distributed among the players.[26]

Tournament summary

By season

Season Champions Runners-up No. of teams MVP Notes
2008 Template:Cr-IPL Template:Cr-IPL 8 Shane Watson
2009 Template:Cr-IPL Template:Cr-IPL 8 Adam Gilchrist Hosted in South Africa due to general elections in India[4]
2010 Template:Cr-IPL Template:Cr-IPL 8 Sachin Tendulkar First sporting event to be broadcast live on YouTube.[27]
2011 Template:Cr-IPL Template:Cr-IPL 10 Chris Gayle Two new franchises.[18][28] Modified format. Kochi Tuskers suspended at the end of the season due to financial irregularities.
2012 Template:Cr-IPL Template:Cr-IPL 9 Sunil Narine Spot-fixing allegations.[29]
2013 Template:Cr-IPL Template:Cr-IPL 9 Shane Watson Pune Warriors terminated at the end of the season. Sachin Tendulkar and Rahul Dravid retired at the end of the season as active players.[30]
2014 Template:Cr-IPL Template:Cr-IPL 8 Glenn Maxwell Due to general elections in India, the early matches in the season were played in the UAE.
2015 Template:Cr-IPL Template:Cr-IPL 8 Andre Russell
2016 8

Source: Cricinfo[31]

By team

Team 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Chennai Super Kings R 4th W W R R 3rd R
Delhi Daredevils 4th 3rd 5th 10th 3rd 9th 8th 7th
Kings XI Punjab 3rd 5th 8th 5th 6th 6th R 8th
Kolkata Knight Riders 6th 8th 6th 4th W 7th W 5th
Mumbai Indians 5th 7th R 3rd 4th W 4th W
Rajasthan Royals W 6th 7th 6th 7th 3rd 5th 4th
Royal Challengers Bangalore 7th R 3rd R 5th 5th 7th 3rd
Sunrisers Hyderabad DNP DNP DNP DNP DNP 4th 6th 6th
Deccan Chargers 8th W 4th 7th 8th DNP DNP DNP
Pune Warriors India DNP DNP DNP 9th 9th 8th DNP DNP
Kochi Tuskers Kerala DNP DNP DNP 8th DNP DNP DNP DNP

Notes:

  • W = Winner; R = Runner-up;   = Semifinals/Knockouts; DNP = Did not play/participate; TBC = To be confirmed

Team performance

Team Span Titles Best performance
Chennai Super Kings 2008–2015 2 Champions (2010, 2011)
Kolkata Knight Riders 2008–2015 2 Champions (2012, 2014)
Mumbai Indians 2008–2015 2 Champions (2013, 2015)
Rajasthan Royals 2008–2015 1 Champions (2008)
Royal Challengers Bangalore 2008–2015 0 Runners-up (2009, 2011)
Kings XI Punjab 2008–2015 0 Runners-up (2014)
Delhi Daredevils 2008–2015 0 Playoffs (2009, 2012)
Sunrisers Hyderabad 2013–2015 0 Playoffs (2013)
Deccan Chargers 2008–2012 1 Champions (2009)
Pune Warriors India 2011–2013 0 8th/9 teams (2013)
Kochi Tuskers Kerala 2011–2011 0 8th/10 teams (2011)
  •   Defunct teams

Source: Cricinfo[31]

Sponsorships

India's largest property developer, the DLF Group, netted a 5-year (2008-2012) title sponsorship for ₹250 crores (US$50 million).[32] PepsiCo were title sponsors (2013-2017) after a winning bid of ₹396.8 crores (US$66 million).[33][34] Pepsi withdrew from title sponsorship, due to the game's disrepute after fixing scandal and the Lodha committee's decision to suspend the Chennai Super Kings and Rajasthan Royals for two years. Vivo Mobiles was announced as the new title sponsor.[35]

All sponsorship revenue are directed to a central pool, 40% of which is for the IPL, 54% to the franchises, and 6% serving as the prize money. From the 2018 season, the profit sharing is as follows: 50% IPL, 45% franchises, and 5% prize money.

Trophy sponsorships

The IPL trophies for the first three seasons were different as opposed to rest of the following seasons. The trophy and tournament sponsors for the first four seasons (2008–2011) were DLF, and from rest of the following seasons (2011–2015), the sponsorship rights were taken by PepsiCo.

Television rights

On 17 January 2008 it was announced that a consortium consisting of India's Sony Entertainment Television(Set Max) network and Singapore-based World Sport Group secured the global broadcasting rights of the Indian Premier League.[36] The record deal has a duration of ten years at a cost of US$1.026 billion. As part of the deal, the consortium will pay the BCCI US$918 million for the television broadcast rights and US$108 million for the promotion of the tournament.[37] The initial plan was for 20% of these proceeds would go to IPL, 8% as prize money and 72% would be distributed to the franchisees from 2008 until 2012, after which the IPL would go public and list its shares.[38] However, in March 2010, IPL decided not to go public and list its shares. Sony-WSG then re-sold parts of the broadcasting rights geographically to other companies.

Revenue and profits

The UK-based brand consultancy, Brand Finance, has valued the IPL at $4.13 billion in 2010.[39] It was valued at US$2.01 billion in 2009 by the same consultancy.[40] There are disputed figures for the profitability of the teams. One analyst said that four teams out of the eight made a profit in 2009.[41] While The Times said that all but Kings XI Punjab made a profit.[42] In 2010, the IPL expects to have 80 official merchandising deals. It has signed a deal with Swiss watchmaker Bandelier to make official watches for the IPL.[43]

Media coverage

Current broadcasters

Location Television Broadcaster(s) Years Terms of Deal Refs
Africa (Sub-Saharan)[List 1] SuperSport 2008–2017 [44]
Bangladesh Maasranga Television 2008– [45]
Bhutan SET Max (Hindi)
Sony SIX (English) 		2008–2017
2013– 		[45]
Brunei Astro 2008– [45]
Canada Sportsnet One
Sportsnet World
Omni Television
ATN-Asian Radio (radio) 		2011–
2011–
2011
2008– 		Exclusive broadcast rights [46][47]
Caribbean [List 2] SportsMax 2008– [36]
Europe Sky Sports 2015– [48]
Hong Kong PCCW 2010– [45]
India Sony MAX (Hindi)
Sony SIX (English)
Sony KIX (Tamil)
Sony KIX (Telugu)
Sony Aath (Bangla)
Suvarna Plus (Kannada)
2008–2017
2013–
2015–
2015–
2015–
2015– 		₹87 billion (US$1.0 billion) (revised) [36][49]
Malaysia Astro 2008– [45]
Middle East and North Africa[List 3] OSN 2015– [36][45]
Nepal Sony MAX (Hindi)
Sony SIX (English) 		2008–2017
2013– 		[45]
New Zealand Sky Sport 2008–2010, 2012– [45]
Pakistan GEO Super 2008–2010, 2012– [45]
Singapore StarHub
Singtel 		2008–
2015– 		[45]
Sri Lanka Carlton Sports Network 2012– [45]
United Kingdom SkySports 2015– Exclusive broadcast contract [50]
United States NEO Cricket
ESPN 		2008–2010, 2012–
2015–2017 		Merged contract in 2012. Rights to distribute on television, radio, broadband and Internet. [45][48][51]
Worldwide The Times Group 2011– Global Rights to distribute on broadband, mobile and radio. [52]

Former broadcasters

The third season of the IPL saw interest rise dramatically in the United Kingdom, due to telecasts being moved from the subscription-based Setanta Sports to the free-to-air ITV4. Lalit Modi, then chairman and Commissioner, also expressed immense satisfaction on the way IPL has been accepted by the British audience. "ITV beats Sky Sports over the weekend in number of viewers. This is great going. This is huge by all imaginations. UK figures for viewership on ITV already 10 times that of last year. This is just fantastic news," he said.[53]

Location Television broadcaster(s) Years Terms of Deal Refs
Australia Network Ten
One 		2008
2009–10 		5 years, 2008–2012 at A$10–15 million. [54][55]
Canada Asian Television Network 2008–10 Exclusive broadcast deal.
Middle East and North Africa[List 4] Arab Digital Distribution (CricOne) 2008–2014 [36][45]
Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Rupavahini Corporation (Channel Eye) 2008–11
United Kingdom ITV4
Setanta Sports 		2010–14
2008–09 		[56]
United States Dish Network
DirecTV
Willow 		2008,2011
2008–10
2011–2014 		[48]
  1. ^ Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, São Tomé and Príncipe Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, South Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
  2. ^ Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, British Virgin Islands, Barbados, Bermuda, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guyana, Jamaica, Martinique, Montserrat, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Martin, Sint Maarten, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, United States Virgin Islands
  3. ^ Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen
  4. ^ Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen

Mobile applications

DCI Mobile Studios (A division of Dot Com Infoway Limited), in conjunction with Sigma Ventures of Singapore, have jointly acquired the rights to be the exclusive Mobile Application partner and rights holder for the Indian Premier League cricket matches worldwide for the next 8 years (including the 2017 season). Recently[when?], they have released the IPL T20 Mobile applications for iPhone, Nokia Smartphones and BlackBerry devices. It is available across all other major Mobile platforms including the Android, Windows Mobile, Palm & others.[57]

Official website

The IPL negotiated a contract with the Canadian company Live Current Media Inc. to run and operate its portals and the minimum guarantee has been negotiated at US$50 million over the next 10 years.[58] In 2010, the contract was nullified and the BCCI decided to run the IPL Digital properties in-house. The official website of the tournament is www.iplt20.com. Incorporating popular forms of social media, the website now contains a more holistic presence across all online mediums to empower user interaction.

IPL Spot-Fixing Controversy

On May 16, 2013, Delhi Police arrested three Rajasthan Royals players – Sreesanth, Ajit Chandila and Ankeet Chavan – soon after their match in Mumbai for spot-fixing.[59] Eleven bookies were also arrested at that time, including one – Amit Singh – who was a former Royals player. Royals later suspended their players and the BCCI set up an inquiry, headed by its ACSU chief Ravi Sawani, into the allegations.[60] The board also announced enhanced anti-corruption measures, including two more security personnel with each team. The arrests kicked off a nationwide search and arrest of bookmakers – betting is illegal in India. One of those picked up in Mumbai was a small-time actor, Virender "Vindoo" Dara Singh, arrested on charges of links with bookmakers. His testimony led the police to arrest, on May 24, 2013, Gurunath Meiyappan, a top official of Chennai Super Kings and son-in-law of BCCI president N Srinivasan. Delhi Police eventually chargesheeted the players, among 39 persons, under sections of the Indian Penal Code and the Maharashtra Control of Organised Crime Act, while the BCCI handed out life bans to Sreesanth and Chavan after Sawani's probe found them guilty of fixing. On July 14, 2015, a three-member panel—appointed by the Indian Supreme Court, and headed by former Chief Justice RM Lodha—suspended Chennai Super Kings and the Rajasthan Royals for two years. It also banned two club owners, Gurunath Meiyappan and Raj Kundra, for life, due to their involvement in betting. These judgements can be considered as the aftermath of previous years' spot-fixing issues.[61] There will be 2 new teams added.

Sundar Raman served as chief operating officer of the league[62] until forced to resign under the cloud of scandal at the end of October 2015.[63][64]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The 2009 edition was played in South Africa and the initial part of 2014 edition in the UAE due to general elections in India

References

  1. ^ "Indian Premier League 2008". cricketwa. Retrieved 5 August 2015.
  2. ^ "IPL Most runs". Cricinfo.com. Retrieved 5 May 2015.
  3. ^ "IPL Most wickets". Cricinfo.com. Retrieved 5 May 2015.
  4. ^ a b "IPL confirms South Africa switch". BBC. 24 March 2009. Retrieved 12 February 2015.
  5. ^ "Clearing the fence with brand value" (PDF). American Appraisal. Retrieved 7 November 2014.
  6. ^ "Rajeev Shukla". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  7. ^ Sorecard | Pepsi Indian Premier League, Final: Mumbai Indians v Chennai Super Kings at the Eden Gardens Kolkata, May 24, 2015
  8. ^ Most runs for Rajasthan Royals. Cricinfo.com. Retrieved on 2015-09-30.
  9. ^ Most wickets for Rajasthan Royals. Cricinfo.com. Retrieved on 2015-09-30.
  10. ^ Highest individual scores for Rajasthan Royals. Cricinfo.com. Retrieved on 2015-09-30.
  11. ^ Batting averages. Cricinfo.com. Retrieved on 2015-09-30.
  12. ^ Most sixes for Rajasthan Royals. Cricinfo.com. Retrieved on 2015-09-30.
  13. ^ Press Trust of India (13 June 2007). "BCCI shoots down ICL". Rediff.com. Retrieved 13 June 2007.
  14. ^ Press Trust of India (21 June 2007). "BCCI hikes domestic match fees". Rediff.com. Retrieved 22 August 2007.
  15. ^ Jamie Alter (13 September 2007). "International Twenty20 league launched". Cricinfo.com. Retrieved 13 September 2007.
  16. ^ a b "Cricket". The Times of India.
  17. ^ "Cricinfo – Big business and Bollywood grab stakes in IPL". ESPNcricinfo. 24 January 2008. Retrieved 12 December 2011.
  18. ^ a b Pune and Kochi unveiled as new IPL franchises
  19. ^ "Sun TV Network win Hyderabad IPL franchise". Wisden India. 25 October 2012.
  20. ^ Slow trading with all eyes on auction, Brief discussion of IPL rules on acquiring players.
  21. ^ IPL lays down guidelines for replacements, Discusses IPL rules on buying replacement players.
  22. ^ IPL rules when trading players. ESPNcricinfo
  23. ^ "New Rules of IPL 5". http://www.invectura.com. 30 March 2012. Retrieved 30 March 2012. {{cite web}}: External link in |work= (help)
  24. ^ "IPL 3 to start on March 12 in Hyderabad". The Times of India. Retrieved 4 April 2013.
  25. ^ "Rs 40 Crore Prize Money On Offer in IPL Playoffs". The New Indian Express. 24 May 2014. Retrieved 1 December 2014.
  26. ^ "IPL-onomics: where Indian players call the shots". 22 April 2013. Retrieved 22 April 2013.
  27. ^ "IPL matches to be broadcast live on Youtube". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
  28. ^ "Last-gasp IPL thrillers stressful for players, spectators: Morkel". The Times of India. New Delhi. IANS. 18 May 2012. Retrieved 18 May 2012.
  29. ^ Basu, Indranil (16 May 2012). "BCCI suspends 5 cricketers for IPL spot fixing". The Times of India. New Delhi. Retrieved 26 May 2012.
  30. ^ http://www.espncricinfo.com/indian-premier-league-2013/content/story/637927.html
  31. ^ a b "Series results". ESPNCricinfo. 14 April 2014.
  32. ^ "Kushal Pal Singh". Forbes. 3 November 2009. Retrieved 9 March 2010.
  33. ^ "With eight IPL team rights, PepsiCo hopes for a shiny summer". Business Standard. Retrieved 4 April 2013.
  34. ^ "Will Pepsi change the IPL game?". Business Line. Retrieved 4 April 2013.
  35. ^ "Vivo Replaces Pepsi as Indian Premier League Title Sponsor". The New Indian Express. PTI. 18 October 2015. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  36. ^ a b c d e "Sony and World Sports Group bag IPL television rights". ESPNcricinfo. 14 January 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2008.
  37. ^ "Billion dollar rights deal for IPL". The Australian. 15 January 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2008.
  38. ^ IndranilBasu (27 January 2008). "Does the IPL model make sense?". The Times of India. Retrieved 21 March 2008.
  39. ^ "Stiff clauses leave only 4 in race for IPL teams". The Economic Times. India. 6 March 2010. Retrieved 9 March 2010.
  40. ^ Brand IPL touches the sky. Iplt20.com
  41. ^ IPL teams become hot commodity LiveMint article
  42. ^ Lalit Modi ambition could create problems for IPL franchises
  43. ^ IPL targets 80 licensing and merchandising deals this year
  44. ^ "TV channels showing IPL matches in US, Canada, UK, Australia, India, UAE and Africa". kalyansuman.com. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  45. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "List of broadcasters in Pepsi IPL 2014". IPLT20.com. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  46. ^ "IPL Cricket live on Sportsnet". Rogers Sportsnet. 1 April 2011.
  47. ^ "Sportsnet World is Home to Cricket's Biggest Stars with IPL 2012, Season Begins this Wednesday". sportsnet.ca. Retrieved 14 August 2012.
  48. ^ a b c "ESPN awarded IPL Media Rights for US". BCCI. 28 February 2015. Retrieved 31 March 2015.
  49. ^ "Sony Kix TV Channel Live Telecast the IPL 2015 matches in Tamil, Telugu". Cricshed. 4 April 2015. Retrieved 4 April 2015.
  50. ^ "IPL on Sky Sports: Indian Premier League live on Sky from 2015". Sky Sports. 17 February 2015. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  51. ^ "IPL: Willow TV gets TV rights for the Americas". Cricket Next. 9 April 2008. Retrieved 2 April 2015.
  52. ^ "Times Group-led consortium wins IPL internet, mobile rights". The Times of India.
  53. ^ "Record ratings for IPL in the UK".
  54. ^ "Cricinfo – Australia to get live coverage of IPL". 2 February 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2008.
  55. ^ Knox, David. "TV Rights Dispute Shuts Out Indian Premier League". TVtonight. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
  56. ^ "ITV to screen IPL in 2010". ITV. 4 March 2010.
  57. ^ DCI Mobile studios and; Sigma Ventures acquire global mobile Applications rights for IPL T20
  58. ^ "Live Current Media Inc. and DLF Indian Premier League To Launch IPLT20.com as Official IPL Online Destination". livecurrent.com. 18 April 2008.
  59. ^ http://www.espncricinfo.com/indian-premier-league-2013/content/story/636201.html
  60. ^ http://www.espncricinfo.com/indian-premier-league-2013/content/story/636899.html
  61. ^ "IPL scandal: Chennai Super Kings and Rajasthan Royals suspended". BBC News Online. 14 July 2015. Retrieved 20 July 2015.
  62. ^ "Captain's knack: Tete-a-tete with Sundar Raman". The Economic Times. Retrieved 14 September 2014.
  63. ^ "After much prodding, IPL COO Sundar Raman steps down". The Indian Express. Retrieved 4 November 2015.
  64. ^ "Sundar Raman resigns as IPL COO, BCCI accepts resignation". The Times of India. Press Trust of India. 3 November 2015. Retrieved 4 November 2015.
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