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System of a Down

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For the eponymous album from this band, see System of a Down (album).
"Soad" redirects here. For other uses, see Soad (disambiguation).
System of a Down
System of a Down live in Wantagh, New York on August 5, 2012
System of a Down live in Wantagh, New York on August 5, 2012
Background information
Also known as
  • SOAD
  • System
OriginGlendale, California, United States
Genres
Years active
  • 1994–2006
  • 2010–present
Labels
Members
Past membersAndy Khachaturian
Websitewww.systemofadown.com

System of a Down, sometimes shortened to SOAD or System, is a four-piece Armenian-American rock band formed in 1994 in Glendale, California, in the United States. The band currently consists of Serj Tankian (lead vocals, keyboards), Daron Malakian (vocals, guitar), Shavo Odadjian (bass, backing vocals) and John Dolmayan (drums).[1]

The band achieved commercial success with the release of five studio albums, three of which debuted at number one on the Billboard 200. System of a Down has been nominated for four Grammy Awards, and their song "B.Y.O.B." won the Best Hard Rock Performance of 2006. The group went on hiatus in August 2006 and reunited in November 2010, embarking on a tour for the following three years. System of a Down has sold over 40 million records worldwide.

History

Soil (1992–1994)

Serj Tankian and Daron Malakian attended Rose and Alex Pilibos Armenian School as children, although due to their eight-year age difference they did not meet until 1992 while working on separate projects at the same recording studio.[2] They formed a band named Soil with Tankian on vocals and keyboards, Malakian on vocals and guitar, Dave Hakopyan (who later played in The Apex Theory/Mt. Helium) on bass and Domingo "Dingo" Laranio on drums. The band hired Shavo Odadjian (another Rose and Alex Pilibos alumnus) as manager, although he eventually joined Soil as rhythm guitarist. In 1994, after only one live show, and one jam session recording, Hakopyan and Laranio left the band, feeling that it was not going anywhere.

Demo tapes and signing (1994–1997)

After Soil split up, Tankian, Odadjian, and Malakian formed a new band, System of a Down. The group took its name from a poem that Malakian had written titled "Victims of a Down".[3] The word "victims" was changed to "system" because Odadjian believed that it would appeal to a much wider audience and also because the group wanted their records to be alphabetically shelved closer to their musical heroes, Slayer. Odadjian switched from guitar to bass and passed on his managerial duties to Velvet Hammer Music and Management Group and its founder David "Beno" Benveniste.[4] The band recruited drummer Ontronik "Andy" Khachaturian, an old school friend of Malakian's and Odadjian's who had played with Malakian in a band called Snowblind during their teens.[3]

In early 1995, System played as "Soil" at the Cafe Club Fais Do-Do, a nightclub in Los Angeles. Shortly after the event, System of a Down made what is known as Untitled 1995 Demo Tape, which was not commercially released but appeared on file sharing networks around the time of the band's success with Toxicity about six years later. Demo Tape 2 was released in 1996. At the beginning of 1997, System of a Down recorded their final publicly released demo tape, Demo Tape 3. In mid-1997, drummer Khachaturian left the band because of a hand injury (he subsequently co-founded The Apex Theory, which included former Soil bassist Dave Hakopyan).[3] Khachaturian was replaced by John Dolmayan.

The band's first official release of a professionally recorded song was on a collection called Hye Enk ("we're Armenian" in English), an Armenian Genocide recognition compilation, in 1997. Soon after playing at notable Hollywood clubs such as the Whisky-A-Go-Go and Viper Room the band caught famed producer Rick Rubin's attention who asked them to keep in touch with him. Showing great interest, the group recorded Demo Tape 4 near the end of 1997. Unlike the previous demo tapes, however, Demo Tape 4 was made only to be sent to record companies (although it has since been leaked onto the internet). Rubin signed the group onto his American/Columbia Records, and System of a Down began to record in Rubin's studio with engineer Sylvia Massy, laying down tracks that would eventually be released on their debut album.

Also in 1997, the group won the Best Signed Band Award from the Rock City Awards.[5]

Self-titled album (1998–2000)

In June 1998, System of a Down released their debut album, System of a Down. They enjoyed moderate success as their first singles "Sugar" and "Spiders" became radio favorites and the music videos for both songs were frequently aired on MTV. After the release of the album, the band toured extensively, opening for Slayer and Metallica before making their way to the second stage of Ozzfest. Following Ozzfest, they toured with Fear Factory and Incubus before headlining the Sno-Core Tour with Puya, Mr. Bungle, The Cat and Incubus providing support.

In November 1998, System of a Down appeared on South Park's Chef Aid album, providing the music for the song "Will They Die 4 You?" Near the end of the song Tankian can be heard saying, "Why must we kill our own kind?" a line that would later be used in the song "Boom!" Although System of a Down is credited on the album, South Park character Chef does not introduce them as he does every other artist featured on the record.

System of a Down's former drummer, Ontronik Khachaturian, briefly reunited with the band at a show at The Troubadour in 1999, filling in on vocals for an ill Tankian.[3] In 2000, the band contributed their cover of the Black Sabbath song "Snowblind" to the Black Sabbath tribute album Nativity in Black 2.

Toxicity and Steal This Album! (2001–2003)

Guitarist Daron Malakian met Serj Tankian for the first time in 1993 before forming the band a year later.

On September 3, 2001, System of a Down had planned on launching their second album at a free concert in Hollywood as a "thank you" to fans. The concert, which was to be held in a parking lot, was set up to accommodate 3,500 people, however, an estimated 7,000 to 10,000 fans showed up. Because of the large excess number of fans the performance was cancelled by police officers just before the group took the stage. No announcement was made that the concert had been cancelled. Fans waited for more than an hour for the group to appear, but when a banner hanging at the back of the stage that read "System of a Down" was removed by security, the audience rushed the stage, destroying all the band's touring gear (approximately $30,000 worth of equipment) and began to riot, throwing rocks at police, breaking windows, and knocking over portable toilets. The riot lasted six hours, during which six arrests were made. The band's manager, David "Beno" Benveniste, later said that the riot could have been avoided if the group had been permitted to perform or had they been allowed to make a statement at the concert regarding the cancellation. System of a Down's scheduled in-store performance the next day was cancelled to prevent a similar riot.[6]

The group's big break arrived when their second album Toxicity debuted at No. 1 on the American and Canadian charts, despite the events of September 11. The album has eventually achieved 3x multi-platinum certification in the US[7] and has since sold over 12 million copies worldwide. It was still on top in America during the week of the September 11, 2001 attacks and the political environment caused by the attacks added to the controversy surrounding the album's hit single "Chop Suey!" The song was taken off the radio as it contained politically sensitive lyrics according to the 2001 Clear Channel memorandum at the time such as "(I don't think you) trust in my self-righteous suicide." Regardless, the video gained constant play on MTV as did the album's second single, "Toxicity". Even with the controversy surrounding "Chop Suey!" (which earned a Grammy nomination), System of a Down still received constant airplay in the United States throughout late 2001 and 2002 with "Toxicity" and "Aerials". In May 2006, VH1 listed "Toxicity" in the number 14 slot in the 40 Greatest Metal Songs.

In 2001, the band went on tour with Slipknot throughout the United States and Mexico. Following a performance in Grand Rapids, Michigan, Odadjian was allegedly harassed, ethnically intimidated, and was physically assaulted by security guards backstage, who then dragged him out of the venue. Odadjian received medical attention from police and later filed a suit against the security company.[8] Despite the incident, the tour was a success and System of a Down and Slipknot went on the Pledge of Allegiance Tour with Rammstein in 2001.

In late 2001, unreleased tracks from the Toxicity sessions made their way onto the internet.[9] This collection of tracks was dubbed Toxicity II by fans. The group released a statement that the tracks were unfinished material and subsequently released the final versions of the songs as their third album, Steal This Album!, which was released in November 2002. Steal This Album! resembled a burnable CD that was marked with a felt-tip marker. 50,000 special copies of the album with different CD designs were also released, each designed by a different member of the band. The name of the album is a reference to Abbie Hoffman's counter-culture book, Steal This Book as well as a message to those who leaked the songs onto the internet. The song "Innervision" was released as a promo single and received constant airplay on alternative radio. A video for "Boom!" was filmed with director Michael Moore as a protest against the War in Iraq.

Mezmerize, Hypnotize and hiatus (2004–2006)

Serj Tankian has gained a reputation for his large vocal range along with his unusual delivery.

Between 2004 to 2005, the group recorded the follow-up to Steal This Album!, a double album, which they released as separate installments six months apart from each other, notably including album cover artwork by Malakian's father, Vartan Malakian, which was designed to connect the two separate album covers. The first album, Mezmerize, was released on May 17, 2005 to favorable reviews by critics. It debuted at No. 1 in the United States, Canada, Australia and all around the world, making it System of A Down's second No. 1 album. First week sales rocketed to over 800,000 copies worldwide. The Grammy Award-winning single "B.Y.O.B.", which questions the integrity of military recruiting in America, worked its way up the Billboard Modern Rock and Mainstream Rock charts. The next single, "Question!" was released with Shavo Odadjian co-directing the music video. Following the release of Mezmerize, the band toured extensively throughout the United States and Canada with The Mars Volta and Bad Acid Trip supporting.

The second part of the double album, Hypnotize, was released on November 22, 2005. Like Mezmerize, it debuted at No. 1 in the US, making System of a Down, along with The Beatles, Guns N' Roses, and rappers 2Pac and DMX, the only artists to ever have two studio albums debut at No. 1 in the same year.[10] In February 2006, System of a Down won the Grammy for Best Hard Rock Performance for "B.Y.O.B.", beating out other established artists such as Nine Inch Nails and Robert Plant. Their second single off the Hypnotize album, "Lonely Day" was released in March in the United States. System of a Down released "Kill Rock 'N Roll" and "Vicinity of Obscenity" as their next promo singles. The band headlined Ozzfest 2006 in cities where tour founder Ozzy Osbourne opted not to appear or was not playing on the main stage (with the exception of the show at Randall's Island, where Ozzy Osbourne headlined the second stage before System of a Down's performance that night).

Whereas on System of a Down's previous albums most of the lyrics were written and sung by Tankian and the music was co-written by Tankian and Malakian (and sometimes Odadjian), much of the music and lyrics on Mezmerize/Hypnotize were written by Malakian who also took on a much more dominant role as vocalist on both albums, often leaving Tankian providing keyboards and backing vocals.

System of a Down's song "Lonely Day" was nominated for Best Hard Rock Performance in the 49th Grammy Awards in 2007, but lost to "Woman" by Wolfmother.

May 2006 saw the UK publication of a biography of the band entitled System of a Down: Right Here in Hollywood by writer Ben Myers. It was published in the US in 2007 through The Disinformation Company. Also in 2006, concert footage and interviews with the band concerning the importance of helping create awareness and recognition of the Armenian Genocide were featured in the film Screamers, directed by Carla Garapedian. An interview with Tankian's grandfather, a survivor of the Genocide, was also included in the film as well as Tankian's and Dolmayan's meeting with (then) Speaker of the House Dennis Hastert during which the two musicians campaigned for the United States government's official recognition of the Genocide. Footage of Tankian and Dolmayan marching with protesters outside the Turkish embassy in Washington D.C. was also used in Screamers.

In May also, the band announced they were going on hiatus. Malakian confirmed the break would probably last a few years, which Odadjian specified as a minimum of three years in an interview with Guitar magazine. He told MTV, "We're not breaking up. If that was the case, we wouldn't be doing this Ozzfest. We're going to take a very long break after Ozzfest and do our own things. We've done System for over ten years, and I think it's healthy to take some rest."[11] System of a Down's final performance before their hiatus took place on August 13, 2006 in West Palm Beach, Florida. "Tonight will be the last show we play for a long time together," Malakian told the crowd during Sunday's last performance. "We'll be back. We just don't know when."[12]

During the hiatus, Malakian formed a band called Scars on Broadway, which was joined by Dolmayan. After one self-titled album the project became dormant and Dolmayan has since left the band. Dolmayan, alongside working with Scars on Broadway, formed his own band, Indicator, as well as opened Torpedo Comics, an online comic book store. Odadjian pursued his project with RZA of Wu-Tang Clan, a hip-hop group named AcHoZeN, worked on his urSESSION website/record label, and performed as a member of funk legend George Clinton's backing band. Tankian opted for solo career and released his debut solo album Elect the Dead in the autumn of 2007. He has continued releasing solo albums, recording them almost by himself, after System of a Down reunited.

Reunion and touring (from 2010)

On November 29, 2010, following several weeks of Internet rumors, System of a Down officially announced that they would be reuniting for a string of large European festival dates in June 2011.[13] Among the announced tour dates included UK's Download Festival, Switzerland's Greenfield Festival, Germany's Rock am Ring/Rock im Park, Sweden's Metaltown, Austria's Nova Rock Festival and Finland's Provinssirock. The reunion tour commenced on May 10, 2011 in Edmonton, Alberta.[14] System's first tour through Mexico and South America began on September 28, 2011 in Mexico City, ending in Santiago (Chile) on October 7, 2011.[15] From late February to early March 2012, they headlined five dates at Soundwave festival.[16] This was the band's first visit to Australia since 2005. The band have continued playing around the world. On August 11 and 12, 2012, they played the Heavy MTL and Heavy T.O. music festivals in Montreal and Toronto, respectively.[17] In August 2013 System of a Down played at the UK's Reading and Leeds Festivals, among other festivals and venues that year.[18]

System of a Down played their only 2013 US performance at the Hollywood Bowl on July 29; tickets sold out hours after going on sale on March 22.

On November 23, 2014, System of a Down announced the Wake Up The Souls Tour to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the Armenian Genocide. The tour included a free concert in Republic Square in Yerevan, Armenia on April 23, 2015, their first show in the country.[19]

Style and legacy

Lyricism

System of a Down's lyrics are often oblique[20] or dadaist,[20][21] and have discussed topics such as drug abuse,[20] politics[20][22] and sexual intercourse.[20][22] "Prison Song" criticizes the War on Drugs[23] whereas Rolling Stone describes "Roulette" as a "scared, wounded love letter".[24] "Boom!", among the band's most straightforward and unambiguous songs, lambasts globalization and spendings on bombs and armament.[25] Commenting on the track "I-E-A-I-A-I-O", drummer John Dolmayan said it was inspired by an encounter he had with Knight Rider's actor David Hasselhoff in a liquor store in Los Angeles when he was around 12.[26] On Mezmerize, "Cigaro" makes explicit references to phallic imagery[27] and bureaucracy,[21] while "Violent Pornography" harshly views television[27] and degradation of women.[28] System of a Down's discontent towards the controversial Iraq War arises in "B.Y.O.B.",[21][29] which includes a double entendre reference to both beer and bombs,[30] containing the forthright lyric "Why don't presidents fight the war? Why do they always send the poor?" [21][27][28] "Old School Hollywood" describes a celebrity baseball game.[28][31] On their album "Hypnotize", "Tentative" describes war,[32][33] "Hypnotize" refers to the Tiananmen Square events[34] and "Lonely Day" describes angst.[31] The album title Steal This Album! is a play on the book Steal This Book by left-wing political activist Abbie Hoffman.[25][35][36] System of a Down's firm commitment for the recognition of the Armenian Genocide emerges in two songs: "P.L.U.C.K." and "Holy Mountains", which rank among the band's most political songs.[33]

Music

Stephen Thomas Erlewine of AllMusic stated "Like many late-'90s metal bands, System of a Down struck a balance between '80s underground thrash metal and metallic early-'90s alternative rockers like Jane's Addiction".[37] System of a Down's music has variously been termed alternative metal,[37][38][39][40][41] nu metal,[42][43][44][45][46] hard rock,[47][48][49] progressive metal,[50][51][52] thrash metal,[53][54][55] art rock[56] and avant-garde metal.[57] Malakian has stated that "We don't belong to any one scene"[58] and that "I don't like the nu-metal drop-A 7-string guitar sound; it is not my thing, at least not yet."[59] In interview with Mike Lancaster, he also said, "People always seem to feel the need to put us into a category, but we just don't fit into any category."[60] According to Tankian, "As far as arrangement and everything, [our music] is pretty much pop. To me, System of a Down isn't a progressive band. [...] But it's not a typical pop project, obviously. We definitely pay attention to the music to make sure that it's not something someone's heard before."[61]

The band has used a wide range of instruments, such as electric mandolins, baritone electric guitars, acoustic guitars, ouds, sitars and twelve string guitars.[62] According to Malakian, he would often write songs in E♭ tuning, which would later be changed to drop C tuning in order to be performed by the band.[59] Malakian states that "For me, the drop-C tuning is right down the center. It has enough of the clarity and the crisp sound—most of our riffy stuff is done on the top two strings, anyway—but it's also thicker and ballsier."[59]

Influences and comparison to other artists

The band's influences include Middle Eastern music,[63] Ozzy Osbourne,[58][63] Dead Kennedys,[64] Frank Zappa,[65] Slayer,[63] Kiss,[66] Mr. Bungle[61] and Van Halen.[64] One reviewer claimed that their music encompasses different sounds, from sounding like "Fugazi playing Rush" to sometimes "tread[ing] close to Frank Zappa territory."[67] Malakian has stated that "I'm a fan of music. I'm not necessarily a fan of any one band."[68] Dolmayan stated "I don't think we sound like anybody else. I consider us System of a Down."[69] Odadjian stated "You can compare us to whoever you want. I don't care. Comparisons and labels have no effect on this band. Fact is fact: We are who we are and they are who they are."[69]

Awards and nominations

Main article: List of awards and nominations received by System of a Down

System of a Down has been nominated for four Grammy Awards, of which has won one in 2006 for Best Hard Rock Performance for the song "B.Y.O.B." The band has also been nominated for several Kerrang! and MTV awards.

System of a Down was honored at a University of Southern California game at the Los Angeles Coliseum in Los Angeles, California, in 2006. The Trojan Marching Band, along with Dolmayan and Odadjian, performed three System of a Down songs: "Toxicity", "Sugar", and "Hypnotize".

Members

Current members
Former members
Occasional contributors
  • Arto Tunçboyacıyan – percussion, composition (on Toxicity: "Science" and "ATWA". Steal This Album!: "Bubbles" and some live concerts in 2005)[70]

Timeline

Discography

Main article: System of a Down discography
Studio albums

References

  1. ^ McKenna, Dave (May 13, 2005). "System of a Down: Some Very Heavy Metal". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 11, 2013.
  2. ^ Meyers, Ben. System Of A Down: Right Here In Hollywood (2007), p. 14.
  3. ^ a b c d "OnTroniK: System of a Down Information". Retrieved July 18, 2010.
  4. ^ "Interview With David 'Beno' Benveniste". lamusicblog.com. March 13, 2011. Retrieved August 8, 2012.
  5. ^ "Rock City Awards 1997". rockcitynews.com. Retrieved July 25, 2007.
  6. ^ "SYSTEM ADDICTS START RIOT". September 4, 2001. Retrieved January 7, 2016.
  7. ^ RIAA album certifications: System of a Down - Toxicity
  8. ^ Kaufman, Gil (March 10, 2003). "System Of A Down Bassist Sues Security Team For Humiliating Him In Front Of Fans". MTV. Retrieved July 18, 2010.
  9. ^ Mike Lancaster (March 28, 2003). "The Daron Malakian Interview". Glendale High School Newspaper-the Explosion. Retrieved July 26, 2010.
  10. ^ Harris, Chris (November 30, 2005). "System of a Down Make It a Double with Chart-Topping Hypnotize". MTV News. Retrieved February 18, 2009.
  11. ^ Harris, Chris (May 3, 2006). "System of a Down Aren't Breaking Up—They're Going on Hiatus". MTV News. Retrieved February 2, 2009.
  12. ^ "West Palm Beach, FL — August 13, 2006 Review". soadfans.com. July 13, 2006. Archived from the original on May 15, 2007. Retrieved July 25, 2007.
  13. ^ Karan, Tim (November 29, 2010). "System Of A Down to reunite, headline Download Festival". Alternative Press. Retrieved November 29, 2010.
  14. ^ ChartAttack Staff (March 1, 2011). "System Of A Down Announce North American Dates With Gogol Bordello". ChartAttack. Retrieved March 3, 2011.
  15. ^ System of a Down Tours
  16. ^ "Soundwave Festival 2012". Soundwavefestival.com. Retrieved October 11, 2011.
  17. ^ Heavy TO and Heavy MTL Return with System of a Down, Slipknot, Marilyn Manson, Cancer Bats, High on Fire
  18. ^ System Of A Down, Fall Out Boy, Foals and more confirmed for 2013!
  19. ^ Young, Alex (November 25, 2014). "System of a Down reunite for "Wake Up the Souls" tour". Consequenceofsound.net. Retrieved March 29, 2015.
  20. ^ a b c d e Rivadavia, Eduardo (September 4, 2001). "Toxicity - System of a Down". AllMusic. Retrieved April 26, 2012.
  21. ^ a b c d Begrand, Adrien. "System of a Down: Mezmerize". PopMatters.com. Retrieved March 29, 2015.
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  26. ^ Hartmann, Graham (July 14, 2014). "System of a Down's John Dolmayan Reveals Lyrical Inspiration for 'I-E-A-I-A-I-O'". Loudwire. Townsquare Media. Retrieved August 2, 2014. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |website= (help)
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  28. ^ a b c "System of a Down: Mezmerize / Hypnotize | Album Reviews". Pitchfork.com. November 21, 2005. Retrieved March 29, 2015.
  29. ^ "Rolling Stone : System of a Down: Mezmerize : Music Reviews". Web.archive.org. June 2, 2005. Archived from the original on April 23, 2009. Retrieved March 29, 2015. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  30. ^ "Picks and Pans Review: System of a Down". People.com. June 27, 2005. Retrieved March 29, 2015.
  31. ^ a b Begrand, Adrien. "System of a Down: Hypnotize". PopMatters.com. Retrieved March 29, 2015.
  32. ^ "USATODAY.com - System of a Down zooms way up with 'Hypnotize'". Usatoday30.usatoday.com. November 21, 2005. Retrieved March 29, 2015.
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  34. ^ "System Of A Down - Hypnotize - Review". Stylusmagazine.com. Retrieved March 29, 2015.
  35. ^ "System's Stolen Tracks Compiled On Steal This Album". MTV.com. October 16, 2002. Retrieved March 29, 2015.
  36. ^ Milner, Greg (June 20, 2003). "System of a Down, 'Steal This Album!' Review". Spin.com. Retrieved March 29, 2015.
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  38. ^ Web Dept (April 8, 2011). "Choose System of a Down's Set List This Summer". Revolver. Retrieved February 14, 2016.
  39. ^ Lipshutz, Jason (April 8, 2011). "System Of A Down, Deftones Team For Summer Tour". Billboard. Retrieved February 14, 2016.
  40. ^ Grierson, Tim. "Top 10 Rock Albums of the '00s". About.com. Retrieved February 14, 2016.
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  42. ^ Udo, Tommy (2002). Brave Nu World. Sanctuary Publishing. pp. 183–185, 242. ISBN 1-86074-415-X.
  43. ^ Weisbard, Eric, ed. (2004). This is Pop: in Search of the Elusive at Experience Music Project. Harvard University Press. p. 220. ISBN 0-674-01344-1.
  44. ^ Unterberger, Andrew (September 10, 2004). "Top Ten Nu-Metal Bands". Stylus Magazine. Retrieved September 25, 2014.
  45. ^ Grebey, James (April 23, 2015). "Watch System of a Down's Full First-Ever Concert in Armenia". Spin. Retrieved December 11, 2015.
  46. ^ Bella, Sarah (August 1, 2013). "Serj Tankian Nixes Talk of New System of a Down Album". Music Feeds. Retrieved December 11, 2015.
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  51. ^ Cridlin, Jay (June 24, 2010). "System of a Down's Serj Tankian coming to the Mahaffey Theater in St. Petersburg". Tampa Bay Times. Retrieved February 14, 2016.
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  54. ^ "System of a Down". Guitar Techniques. December 2015. Retrieved February 14, 2016.
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  59. ^ a b c Perry, Megan (2004). "Daron's Guitar Tunings". Wired: musicians' home studios : tools & techniques of the musical mavericks. Hal Leonard Corporation. p. 79. ISBN 0-87930-794-3.
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  61. ^ a b DeRogatis, Jim (September 14, 2001). "They're an Armenian band". The Chicago Tribune. Retrieved April 4, 2009.
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  65. ^ Prato, Greg (July 7, 2005). Zappas Making Zappa Film. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help). Retrieved on November 13, 2008
  66. ^ Chad Childers (May 11, 2012). "Serj Tankian Says System of a Down Bandmate Daron Malakian First Turned Him on to Metal". Loudwire. Retrieved June 11, 2015.
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  68. ^ "Many musical influences in System of a Down". Long Beach Press-Telegram. August 3, 2005. Retrieved April 5, 2009.
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  70. ^ Toxicity (booklet). System of a Down. Los Angeles, California: American Recordings. 2001. 86059.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
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