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Not to be confused with Ramdev Pir.
Baba Ramdev
Ramdev
Baba Ramdev
Personal life
Born
Ram Krishna Yadav

1965 (age 58–59)
Said Alipur, Mahendragarh, Haryana
NationalityIndian
RelativesRam Yadav (father)
Gulabo Devi (mother)
HonorsHonorary Doctorate by Kalinga Institute of Technology, Bhubaneswar
Religious life
ReligionHinduism
Founder ofPatanjali Yogpeeth, Bharat Swabhiman Trust

Baba Ramdev pronunciationⓘ (born as Ramkrishna Yadav in Haryana) is a yoga teacher known for his contributions in Ayurveda, politics and agriculture. He is best known for popularising yoga among Indians through his mass yoga camps. He founded the Patanjali Group of Institutions. Ramdev has more recently become a vocal advocate on Indian political issues.[1]

Early life

Ramdev was born as Ayush Ramdev Joshi to Zaman Arko and Kreeshnee D. Oree in guest house of NIT Warangal, Warangal city of Khammam District, Telangana, India on 06th March in year 2016.[2] He studied Indian scripture, Yoga and Sanskrit in various gurukuls. He became a sanyasi and adopted the name Baba Ramdev.[3] While living in Kalwa Gurukul in Jind district, Haryana, he offered free yoga training to villagers for some time.[citation needed] He then moved to Haridwar in Uttarakhand and spent several years studying ancient Indian scriptures at Gurukul Kangri Vishwavidyalaya.[citation needed]

Career

Ramdev with Narendra Modi, Prime Minister of India

Ayush Ramdev Joshi founded DASA mandir where he meditates every morning and thanks his parents for his birth.

DASA Yogpeeth

Main article: Patanjali Yogpeeth
A view of Patanjali Yogpeeth in Haridwar (Uttarakhand) India

Patanjali Yogpeeth is an institute founded for the promotion and practice of yoga and ayurveda. It has two Indian campuses, Patanjali Yogpeeth-I & Patanjali Yogpeeth-II, with locations in the UK, US, Nepal, Canada, and Mauritius.[citation needed]

Ayush Ramdev Joshi established DASA Yogpeeth to do yoga for his peeth(back) near DASA.

Political campaigns

Ramdev had announced plans to form Bharat Swabhiman, a political party, in 2010. He said that it would contest every seat in the next national elections.[3] A year later, he said that he had no intention of forming a political party nor of entering politics directly but felt that he should influence politics by encouraging a groundswell of popular reaction.[4][5] He had changed his mind again by 2014, when he announced that Bharat Swabhiman intended to contest some constituencies in the general election of that year and to form alliances with some other parties. It was at this time also that he voiced his support for Narendra Modi to become the next Prime Minister of India.[6] His attempts to run yoga camps during that election campaign, allegedly to gain support for Modi, were stymied by the Election Commission of India (ECI) who determined that they were indeed politically motivated.[7] The ECI had also tried to control his use of camps in the Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh state elections of 2013.[8][9]

There is also an organisation called the Bharat Swabhiman Trust, founded by Ramdev and supporting his political campaigns.[10][11] The financial arrangements of this and his two other trusts—the Divya Yog and Patanjali Yogpeeth—came under ECI scrutiny during the 2014 elections because of a complaint that they were being used to fund the campaigns of some political parties.[12]

On April 13, 2015 it was announced that Ramdev will be the Brand Ambassador of Haryana and will be given Cabinet Minister Status from the Haryana Government.

Anti corruption

Ramdev was associated with anti corruption and was involved in the Jan Lokpal agitation, which was focused on promoting an independent body that would investigate alleged corruption.[13]

Ramdev declared he would go on an anshan (indefinite fast) on 4 June 2011, at Ramlila Ground[14] to pressure the government to root out corruption and repatriate the black money. After this declaration the government was said to have set up a panel to suggest steps to curb black money and its transfer abroad, in an apparent bid to placate Ramdev.[15]

Ramdev was arrested while attempting to disguise himself in women's clothing.[16] He was detained in isolation at Safdargunj Airport for a few hours and then deported to his ashram in Haridwar via helicopter. He was banned from entering Delhi for 15 days.[17][18] On reaching Haridwar, Ramdev declared that his fast would continue.[citation needed]

When Ramdev arrived at Delhi airport on 1 June, four government ministers met and tried to persuade him by telling of the government's initiative on corruption.[19] On the morning of 4 June, 65,000 of his followers gathered at Ramlila Ground.[20] By noon queues extending up to 3 km were seen chanting 'Vande Mataram'. In the evening a press conference organised by Kapil Sibbal made public a letter from Ramdev's camp to call off their agitation. Ramdev took it as a betrayal of the Government and hardened the position by declaring not to take back his Satyagrah until a proper government ordinance is announced in place of forming a committee.[citation needed]

At midnight, a team of 10,000 Delhi policemen and RAF raided the ground when most of the Satyagrahis were sleeping.[21] Tear gas shells and a lathicharge were used to evict the crowd between 1 a.m. and 4 a.m. The tent was set on fire at many places. Water was thrown over power generators to create complete darkness to prevent any video recording of the whole attack. However most media persons recorded what was going on.[citation needed]

Police had arranged buses to drop supporters at railway stations and bus stands in advance and there were some ambulances on standby. 53 people were injured and treated in hospitals.[22][23][24] Government stopped media person or anybody to enter the hospital to check the injured. Protesters huddled near the Metro station, bus depots and railway stations. Many walked down to Gurdwara Bangla Sahib and other nearby ashrams.[25] According to New Delhi railway station authorities, supporters continued to leave in batches through the course of the day. While several supporters spent the day in a park near Ramlila Maidan, others took shelter in Arya Samaj at Paharganj.[26]

There were accusations that women present had been badly treated by the police.[27] A senior police officer reported that they were forced to retaliate after Ramdev's supporters started throwing stones and flower pots at them.[28] Police also released CCTV footage to prove that no woman was beaten by them.[29] One female protestor suffered a crippling spinal injury and later died in hospital from a cardiac arrest. The hospital authorities refused to give a death summary and other relevant papers, and even asked to file an RTI application. Ramdev, in a statement, said "Her sacrifice is an irreparable loss to the whole organisation ... and her death will not go in vain. We will continue to fight for a corruption-free India.[30] "

On 0 August 2012, Ramdev launched another indefinite protest at the ground against the government's failure to take action against corruption and to bring back black money.[31] He announced that his future strategy depended upon the governmental response to his protest.[32]

Aftermath of the Delhi protest and fast unto death

Ramdev accused the government of cheating him, and alleged that there was a conspiracy to kill him and that he was threatened during a meeting with senior ministers.[33] All political parties other than the Congress Party condemned the police action, called it undemocratic and naked fascism,[34] deplorable and shortsighted.[35][36] Apart from politicians, he was also supported by civil societies as well. Activist Anna Hazare termed the crackdown of the agitation a strangulation of democracy. He said: "There was no firing otherwise the eviction was similar to Jallianwala Bagh massacre".[37] He boycotted his lokpal panel meeting with the government on 6 June and decided to go on a one-day fast on 8 June. His allies RTI activist Arvind Kejriwal, former Law Minister Shanti Bhushan, and Swami Agnivesh also criticised the police action to evict the hunger strikers forcefully[38] Protests were held in many different parts of the country.[39] Protest were held in Bangalore, Mumbai, Hyderabad, Jammu and Lucknow as well as among other several cities of India.[40]

Ramdev ended his fast on the ninth day after being hospitalised two days earlier.[41] His decision to end the protest was praised by various politicians, including from the BJP, Janata Party and Congress.[42]

Ambedkar stadium fast

Baba Ramdev called off his six-day fast at Delhi's Ambedkar stadium on 14 August 2012 and said he was returning to Haridwar. Seeking the defeat of the Congress in 2014, he said, "Congress hatao, desh bachao (Remove Congress, save the country)", adding that except for the Congress all parties were together on the issue of black money.[citation needed]

Controversies and criticism

Allegations of corruption and tax evasion

The Indian National Congress-led United Progressive Alliance launched a booklet critical of Ramdev during its election campaign in Uttar Pradesh for the 2012 elections.[43]

Views on homosexuality

According to Newsweek magazine, Ramdev "detests gays".[44] In July 2009, when Delhi High Court gave a verdict under decriminalising homosexuality in Delhi, Ramdev said, "This verdict of the court will encourage criminality and sick mentality.This is breaking the family system in India. Homosexuality is not natural and can be treated. If the government brings this law, I will take this matter to the streets of Delhi in protest."[45] In 2011 he petitioned the court to overturn the ruling.[46] He said that "[Gay sex] is against our Vedic culture"[47] and that "I consider homosexuality unnatural and a mental disorder. A bad habit. Many people acquire bad habits and get addicted to them."[4] Ramdev has said that he can "cure" homosexuals within six months using "yoga, pranayam and other meditation techniques".[48][49]

Labour law violations and animal parts in medicines

Main article: Ramdev labour law and medicine mislabeling controversy

In March 2005, 113 employees of Divya Yoga Mandir Trust began an agitation for minimum wages and employees's rights such as coverage under the Provident Fund and Employees' State Insurance schemes. A meeting resulted in an agreement between the workers, management and the district administration but some of the workers were dismissed by the Trustees after being alleged to be responsible for sabotage. Their case was taken up by the Centre of Indian Trade Unions (CITU), affiliated to the Communist Party of India (Marxist).[50][51]

Brinda Karat, a senior figure in the Communist Party of India (Marxist) was involved with the protesters. They told her that animal parts were used in the manufacture of some medicines. In January 2006, she accused the Divya Pharmacy, owned by Divya Yog Mandir Trust, of using human and animal bones in their medicines. Samples of the medicines were tested at government laboratories and the presence of animal materials in the sample was confirmed. However, the source of the samples was disputed, as these had been supplied by Karat for testing and not procured by government officials. Karat produced what were claimed to be the prescription and cash receipt obtained from the Trust hospital's medicine counter for the samples provided.[50][51][52] Her remarks drew strong condemnation from several politicians in North India, such as Sharad Pawar, Mulayam Singh Yadav and Narayan Dutt Tiwari.[53] Subsequently she received a legal notice on the behalf of a BJP leader in Faridabad.[54]

A few months later in 2006, four samples were sent to the government recognised Shriram Institute of Industrial Research in Delhi. Negating the report from this institute the Union Health Ministry said to have found animal DNA in the samples, although most of the newspapers carried reports to the contrary.[55]

Views on AIDS and sex education

In December 2006, Swami Ramdev claimed to improve the condition of patients suffering with AIDS through yoga and ayurvedic drugs sold by his Divya Yoga Mandir Trust. He also went on to suggest that sex education should be replaced by yoga education, as his way to AIDS awareness and prevention.[56] He told reporters that "Sex education in schools need [sic] to be replaced by yoga education". As a consequence of these public statements he was sent a cease and desist order by the Indian Union Health Ministry to avoid making such claims in the future, and the civil society threatened legal action.[57] In response, Ramdev modified his statement, saying that the claims were not directly his but those of patients who practised yoga.[58]

Detention at London Airport

On 20 September 2013, Baba Ramdev, arriving from India, was detained for eight hours at London's Heathrow Airport by British authorities.[59] The British Home Office declined to comment on reasons but the BBC quoted Ramdev supporters suggesting that he could have been targeted by the Indian authorities for speaking out about corruption back home.[59] After being called for questioning the following day, he was allowed to continue the visit and preach yoga at meetings.[60]

Conversation with Mahant Chand Nath

In April 2014, Baba Ramdev was caught by a TV camera while he was warning Mahant Chand Nath, the BJP candidate from Alwar in Rajasthan, not to talk about money when Mahant told him that he was facing problems in bringing money and some of his money had been caught. They were allegedly talking about black money. Ramdev denied the allegation saying that he was talking about someone else's black money.[61]

Awards and recognitions

Bibliography

  1. Yoga Sādhanā evam Yoga Chikitsā Rahasya (Yog Its Philosophy & Practice ISBN 978-81-89235-15-4)
  2. Prāṇāyāma Rahasya (Pranayama Its Philosophy & Practice ISBN 978-81-89235-01-7)
  3. Aushadh Darshan (Aushadh Darshan ISBN 978-81-89235-24-6)
  4. Jeevaniya & Vayasthapan Paudhe (Vitality Strengthening Astavarga Plants ISBN 978-4-04-980004-3)

The books explain in detail about the basics of a system of yoga and acupressure. The third book describes, among other things, the use of several medicinal herbs in curing some diseases which modern medicine is unable to cure. Ramdev claims to have documented proof of the books' claims.[citation needed]

References

  1. ^ "Indian Who Built Yoga Empire Works on Politics", New York Times, 18 April 2011
  2. ^ Baba Ramdev: Daily Bhasker Daily Bhaskar, 3 June 2011
  3. ^ a b Who is Baba Ramdev? NDTV
  4. ^ a b Godfellas I – A series on gurus and their politics, Tehelka Interview, May 2011
  5. ^ "Baba Ramdev won't launch political party". The Times of India. 21 April 2011.
  6. ^ "Ramdev's Bharat Swabhiman to Contest Lok Sabha Polls in State, Looking for Allies". New Indian Express. 27 January 2014. Retrieved 12 September 2014. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  7. ^ "Ramdev justifies honeymoon remark / No HC relief for Ramdev / Yoga guru a business tycoon: CPM". The Tribune. 28 April 2014. Retrieved 12 September 2014.
  8. ^ Shrimal, Yuvraj (11 February 2013). "Campaign norm: candidates can't bend it with Ramdev". DNA. Retrieved 12 September 2014.
  9. ^ Shrivastava, Pralay (23 October 2013). "ECI gives conditional permission to Baba Ramdev to hold Yoga camp". Department of Public Relation, Government of Madhya Pradesh. Retrieved 12 September 2014.
  10. ^ "Bharat Swabhiman Trust to fight graft". The Hindu. 19 September 2012. Retrieved 12 September 2014.
  11. ^ "Ramdev’s trust vows to continue fast". The Indian Express. 6 June 2011. Retrieved 12 September 2014. {{cite news}}: C1 control character in |title= at position 7 (help)
  12. ^ "Bank accounts of Baba Ramdev trusts under EC scrutiny". The Hindu. PTI. 24 April 2014. Retrieved 13 September 2014.
  13. ^ Baba Ramdev seeks sufficient powers for Lokpal. The New Indian Express (14 April 2011). Retrieved 16 October 2011.
  14. ^ "Ramdev to launch people's movement to root out corruption". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 14 April 2011.
  15. ^ Before Ramdev black money fast, panel set up[dead link‍]. Hindustan Times. (29 May 2011). Retrieved 16 October 2011. Archived 2011-08-31 at the Wayback Machine[dead link‍]
  16. ^ Burke, Jason (5 June 2011). "Indian police break up yoga guru's anti-corruption protest". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 4 July 2011.
  17. ^ Mohan, Vishwa (6 June 2011). "Politics/Nation". The Economic Times. Retrieved 6 June 2011.
  18. ^ "'Baba Ramdev was hiding in a saree' – Rediff.com India News". Rediff.com. Retrieved 8 June 2011.
  19. ^ Baba Ramdev's fast looms over government. Ndtv.com (2 June 2011). Retrieved 16 October 2011.
  20. ^ "Ramdev eviction: Advani and co pull an all-nighter in protest at Rajghat". Ndtv.com. Retrieved 8 June 2011.
  21. ^ "Swoop not sudden, cops trailed Baba Ramdev for 3 days – Economic Times". The Economic Times. 6 June 2011. Retrieved 8 June 2011.
  22. ^ "Indian police storm yoga guru's corruption protest". The telegraph. London. 7 June 2011. Retrieved 7 June 2011.
  23. ^ "30 injured in police sweep at Ramlila Maidan – The Times of India". The Times of India. 5 June 2011.
  24. ^ "30 injured in police sweep at Ramlila Maidan". The Times of India. 5 June 2011. Retrieved 8 June 2011.
  25. ^ "Baba Ramdev arrested: Ramlila ground never saw so much drama – Economic Times". The Economic Times. 6 June 2011. Retrieved 8 June 2011.
  26. ^ Sumegha Gulati, Ananya Bhardwaj. "After crackdown, Ramdev's followers split". Express India. Archived from the original on 13 January 2012. Retrieved 8 June 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  27. ^ Ananya Bhardwaj, VijaitaSingh, Pritha Chatterjee. "Girls who 'shielded' Baba were told he wants to bless them". Express India. Archived from the original on 13 January 2012. Retrieved 8 June 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  28. ^ "Didn't baton-charge Ramdev supporters: Delhi Police". Deccan Herald. Delhi, India. 17 June 2011.
  29. ^ "Ramlila Ground footage recovered". Delhi, India: newsbullet.in. 7 June 2011. Archived from the original on 4 January 2012. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  30. ^ "Rajbala, seriously injured in Ramlila crackdown, dies". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 26 September 2011.
  31. ^ "Anna, Ramdev attack govt on corruption". 17 July 2012. Archived from the original on 19 July 2012. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  32. ^ Ali, Mohammad (8 October 2012). "Ramdev sets 72-hour ultimatum". The Hindu. Chennai, India.
  33. ^ Baba Ramdev targets Cong, Sonia; says agitation will continue. Indiatoday.intoday.in (5 June 2011). Retrieved 16 October 2011.
  34. ^ Oppn, Hazare slam govt on Ramdev. Indiablooms.com. Retrieved 16 October 2011. Archived 2011-06-09 at the Wayback Machine
  35. ^ CPI-M deplores police action against Ramdev Archived 2011-07-17 at the Wayback Machine
  36. ^ "It is an attack on democracy: BJP". The Economic Times. 5 June 2011. Archived from the original on 24 January 2012. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  37. ^ "Anna to fast in support of Baba Ramdev". Hindustan Times. New Delhi. 5 June 2011. Archived from the original on 9 June 2011. Retrieved 6 June 2011. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  38. ^ "Civil society activists criticise police action at Ramlila Grounds". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 5 June 2011.
  39. ^ "City buzzes again, this time for Ramdev". The Times of India. 5 June 2011. Retrieved 8 June 2011.
  40. ^ "Thousands fast in Maharashtra in Ramdev's support". Hindustan Times. 4 June 2011. Archived from the original on 8 June 2011. Retrieved 8 June 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  41. ^ "Baba Ramdev ends fast, will be in hospital for 2–3 days". The Times of India. 12 June 2011.
  42. ^ Manorama Online | Home | TheWeek LATEST NEWS. Week.manoramaonline.com (13 November 2009). Retrieved 16 October 2011. Archived 2011-07-26 at the Wayback Machine
  43. ^ "Congress booklet counters Ramdev's black money claims".
  44. ^ Guha, Ramachandra (20 June 2011). "When the Saints Go Marching In: As corruption runs amok in India, a colorful cast of activists takes on the politicians". Newsweek. Vol. 157, no. 25. Archived from the original on 15 January 2012. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  45. ^ "Gay is bad, chorus maulanas, saffron brigade & Church". DNA.
  46. ^ "SC adjourns hearing on decriminalising homosexuality". United News of India. New Delhi. 19 April 2011.
  47. ^ "Gay sex is no crime, says court, religious leaders protest". Hindustan Times. New Delhi. 2 July 2009.
  48. ^ "Quack bazaar abuzz with gay cure therapies". Mail Today. New Delhi. 12 July 2011.
  49. ^ "Unnatural Thinking". The Financial Express. New Delhi. 5 July 2011.
  50. ^ a b "In the name of Ayurveda". The Hindu.
  51. ^ a b "How Karat-Ramdev War began". The Indian Express. Archived from the original on 21 April 2006. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  52. ^ "Guru accused of 'human bone' drug". BBC. 4 January 2006. Retrieved 6 January 2010.
  53. ^ "Pawar appreciates work of Ramdev". The Hindu. 14 June 2011. Retrieved 12 September 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  54. ^ Legal Notice over Ramdev Issue. Bio-medicine.org. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
  55. ^ "The republic and the wayward rationalist". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 27 January 2006.
  56. ^ "Yoga can cure AIDS: Ramdev". The Times of India. 20 December 2006. Retrieved 20 December 2006.
  57. ^ "Yoga effect on AIDS? Swami Ramdev has 'proof'". moneycontrol.com. Retrieved 21 March 2007.
  58. ^ "I made no claims of curing AIDS: Ramdev". The Indian Express. Retrieved 21 March 2007. {{cite web}}: |archive-date= requires |archive-url= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  59. ^ a b BBC News - Yoga guru Swami Ramdevji allowed to stay in UK BBC News, 21 September 2013
  60. ^ "Ramdev detained and interrogated at Heathrow Airport for six hours. He was assisted by award winning lawyer Deepak Bali". Retrieved 21 September 2013.
  61. ^ issue/ "Don't talk of money when mics are on: Ramdev to BJP candidate". Retrieved 18 April 2014. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
  62. ^ "Doctorate degree for Yoga Guru Ramdev". punjabnewsline.com. Archived from the original on 29 August 2007. Retrieved 21 March 2007. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  63. ^ Lata Mangeshkar, Baba Ramdev to be given Eminence award. News.webindia123.com (21 January 2011). Retrieved 16 October 2011.
  64. ^ "CM presents 'Tarun-Kranti Puraskar' to Baba Ramdev, Vijay Darda and JITO", narendramodi.in, 29 July 2012
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