Chapel (programming language)

{{Infobox programming language

| name                   = Chapel
| logo                   = 
| logo caption           = Chapel logo
| screenshot             = 
| screenshot caption     = 
| file ext               = .chpl
| paradigm               = Object-oriented 
 Partitioned global address space 
 Parallel programming 
| scope                  =
| released               = 2009 (2009)
| designer               = David Callahan, Hans Zima, Brad Chamberlain, John Plevyak
| developer              = Cray Inc. 
| latest release version = 1.12
| latest release date    = October 1, 2015; 9 years ago (2015-10-01)
| latest preview version = 
| latest preview date    = 
| typing                 = static 
 inferred
| implementations        = 
| dialects               = 
| influenced by          = Ada, C, Fortran, C++, Java, [[C Sharp (programming language)|C#), HPF, ZPL, Cray MTATM /XMTTMextensions to C and Fortran.^[1]
| influenced             = 
| programming language   = 
| platform               = multiplatform
| operating system       = Mac OS, Linux, POSIX, Windows (with Cygwin)
| license                = Apache 2
| website                = chapel.cray.com
| wikibooks              =

}} Chapel, the Cascade High Productivity Language, is a parallel programming language developed by Cray.^[2] It is being developed as part of the Cray Cascade project, a participant in DARPA's High Productivity Computing Systems (HPCS) program, which had the goal of increasing supercomputer productivity by the year 2010. It is being developed as an open source project, under version 2 of the Apache license.^[3]

Goals

Chapel aims to improve the programmability of parallel computers in general and the Cascade system in particular, by providing a higher level of expression than current programming languages do and by improving the separation between algorithmic expression and data structure implementation details.

The language designers aspire for Chapel to bridge the gap between current HPC programming practitioners, who they describe as Fortran, C or C++ users writing procedural code using technologies like OpenMP and MPI on one side, and newly graduating computer programmers who tend to prefer Java, Python or Matlab with only some of them having experience with C++ or C. Chapel should offer the productivity advances offered by the latter suite of languages while not alienating the users of the first.^[1]

Features

Chapel supports a multithreaded parallel programming model at a high level by supporting abstractions for data parallelism, task parallelism, and nested parallelism. It enables optimizations for the locality of data and computation in the program via abstractions for data distribution and data-driven placement of subcomputations. It allows for code reuse and generality through object-oriented concepts and generic programming features. For instance, Chapel allows for the declaration of locales.^[4]

While Chapel borrows concepts from many preceding languages, its parallel concepts are most closely based on ideas from High Performance Fortran (HPF), ZPL, and the Cray MTA's extensions to Fortran and C.

Notes

^ ^a ^b Chamberlain, Bradford L. "A Brief Overview of Chapel" (PDF). Cray Inc. Retrieved 22 April 2015.
^ Lightfoot, David E. (2006). Modular programming languages: 7th Joint Modular Languages Conference. p. 20. ISBN 3-540-40927-0.
^ "Chapel license". Chapel.Cray.com. Retrieved November 15, 2015.
^ Bongen Gu; Wikuan Yu; Yoonsik Kwak (June 28–30, 2011). "Communication and Computation Overlap through Task Synchronization in Multi-locale Chapel Environment". In James J. Park, Laurence T. Yang and Changhoon Lee (ed.). Future Information Technology, Part I: 6th International Conference. Loutraki, Greece: Springer-Verlag. pp. 285–292. ISBN 978-3-642-22332-7. Retrieved August 17, 2011. {{cite conference}}: Unknown parameter |booktitle= ignored (|book-title= suggested) (help)

References

Chamberlain, Bradford L. (2011). "Chapel (Cray Inc. HPCS Language)". In Padua, David (ed.). Encyclopedia of Parallel Computing, Volume 4. Springer. ISBN 9780387097657.

External links

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[Overview-1] Chamberlain, Bradford L. "A Brief Overview of Chapel" (PDF). Cray Inc. Retrieved 22 April 2015.

[2] Lightfoot, David E. (2006). Modular programming languages: 7th Joint Modular Languages Conference. p. 20. ISBN 3-540-40927-0.

[3] "Chapel license". Chapel.Cray.com. Retrieved November 15, 2015.

[4] Bongen Gu; Wikuan Yu; Yoonsik Kwak (June 28–30, 2011). "Communication and Computation Overlap through Task Synchronization in Multi-locale Chapel Environment". In James J. Park, Laurence T. Yang and Changhoon Lee (ed.). Future Information Technology, Part I: 6th International Conference. Loutraki, Greece: Springer-Verlag. pp. 285–292. ISBN 978-3-642-22332-7. Retrieved August 17, 2011. {{cite conference}}: Unknown parameter |booktitle= ignored (|book-title= suggested) (help)

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