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This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Zad68 (talk | contribs) at 02:36, 3 May 2016 (→News?: not noteworthy). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Former good article nomineeInfluenza vaccine was a Natural sciences good articles nominee, but did not meet the good article criteria at the time. There may be suggestions below for improving the article. Once these issues have been addressed, the article can be renominated. Editors may also seek a reassessment of the decision if they believe there was a mistake.
Article milestones
DateProcessResult
September 4, 2008Good article nomineeNot listed


Proposed split out of Universal flu vaccines

This section would split out nicely. It already has lots of refs and needs to be updated and is an active area of research (rather than standard medical practice) . - Rod57 (talk) 12:02, 13 March 2016 (UTC)[reply]

Rod57 I saw a notice about this at WikiProject Medicine's talk page. I agree with you - this coverage is too detailed for this general article but would be appropriate in its own article. I copied content to User:Bluerasberry/Universal flu vaccine, moved text around, and placed a request to move that draft into article mainspace. This article should briefly present this concept, and in its own article, there can be information about which independent companies did what primary research in the field. Blue Rasberry (talk) 14:35, 12 April 2016 (UTC)[reply]
Jytdog - thanks for removing the content. Please comment on the spin-off, if you would. Blue Rasberry (talk) 14:37, 12 April 2016 (UTC)[reply]
Not with that content! It is just string of blurbs. Am working on writing something encyclopedic now... Jytdog (talk) 14:53, 12 April 2016 (UTC)[reply]
Bluerasberry The content at User:Bluerasberry/Universal flu vaccine looks good. (We should add a link back to Influenza vaccine in the intro). I feel we may be giving undue coverage to the single prediction of 5-10 years from 2013. (We could drop the 2nd long sentence and just leave the first with the ref.) There may be earlier and other predictions we could add (briefly). Later, Perhaps we can find a review which discusses the various approaches and their progress. - Rod57 (talk) 11:40, 13 April 2016 (UTC)[reply]
Like Jytdog said, it is a lot of blurbs. I did not cut anything. It is just a starting point to track the history of development. Blue Rasberry (talk) 12:02, 13 April 2016 (UTC)[reply]

Universal vaccine section

This section is one long string of WP:NOTNEWS violations, in my book. I am working on finding some reviews that lay out the big picture of what is going in universal vaccine R&D - progress as well as challenges.

Research
Universal vaccine

Many groups worldwide are pursuing development of a universal flu vaccine that does not require modification each year.[1] Companies pursuing the vaccine as of 2009 and 2010 include BiondVax,[2] Theraclone,[3] Dynavax Technologies Corporation,[4] VaxInnate,[5] Crucell NV,[6] Inovio Pharmaceuticals,[7] and Immune Targeting Systems (ITS)[8]

In 2008, Acambis announced work on a universal flu vaccine (ACAM-FLU-ATM) based on the less variable M2 protein component of the flu virus shell.[9] See also H5N1 vaccines.

In 2009, the Wistar Institute received a patent for using "a variety of peptides" in a flu vaccine, and announced it was seeking a corporate partner.[10]

In 2010, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) of the U.S. NIH announced a breakthrough; the effort targets the stem, which mutates less often than the head of the virus.[11]

DNA vaccines, such as VGX-3400X (aimed at multiple H5N1 strains), contain DNA fragments (plasmids).[7][12] Inovio's SynCon DNA vaccines include H5N1 and H1N1 subtypes.[13]

In July 2011, researchers created an antibody, which targets a protein found on the surface of all influenza A viruses called haemagglutinin.[14][15][16] F16 is the only known antibody that binds (its neutralizing activity is controversial) to all 16 subtypes of the influenza A virus hemagglutinin and might be the lynchpin for a universal influenza vaccine.[14][15][16] The subdomain of the hemagglutinin that is targeted by FI6, namely the stalk domain, was actually successfully used earlier as universal influenza virus vaccine by Peter Palese's research group at Mount Sinai School of Medicine.[17]

Other vaccines are polypeptide based.[18]

By 2010 some universal flu vaccines had started early stage clinical trials.

  • BiondVax identified 9 conserved epitopes of the influenza virus and combined them into a recombinant protein called Multimeric-001[19] (M-001). M-001 is aimed at all types of seasonal and pandemic influenza and as of March 2016 is in late Phase 2b clinical trials in Europe[20] and the USA.[21]
  • Dynavax have developed a vaccine N8295 based on two highly conserved antigens NP and M2e[22] and their TLR9 agonist, and started clinical trials in June 2010.[23]
  • ITS's fp01[24] includes 6 peptide antigens to highly conserved segments of the PA, PB1, PB2, NP & M1 proteins, and has started phase I trials.

Based on the results of animal studies, a universal flu vaccine may use a two-step vaccination strategy — priming with a DNA-based HA vaccine followed by a second dose with an inactivated, attenuated, or adenovirus-vector–based vaccine.[25]

Some people given a 2009 H1N1 flu vaccine have developed broadly protective antibodies, raises hopes for a universal flu vaccine.[26][27][28]

On February 13, 2013, U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Chief Scientist Jesse Goodman predicted that a universal flu vaccine was still 5 to 10 years away. When asked about the prospects of a universal flu vaccine in a hearing before House Energy and Commerce Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations, Goodman replied "Nature is very tricky and as this is a very crafty virus, so I'd be very hesitant to predict... I think the earliest we'd begin to see something with clinical benefit might be 5 to 10 years."[29]

A 'vaccine'/antigen based on the hemagglutinin (HA) stem was the first to induce 'broadly neutralizing' antibodies to both HA-group 1 and HA-group 2 influenza in mice.[30]

References

  1. ^ Du, Lanying; Zhou, Yusen; Jiang, Shibo (2010). "Research and development of universal influenza vaccines". Microbes and Infection. 12 (4): 280–6. doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2010.01.001. PMID 20079871.
  2. ^ <http://www.fiercebiotech.com/press-releases/biondvax-begins-phase-iia-study-universal-flu-vaccine-0>
  3. ^ Seattle's Theraclone makes a 'first step' on long road to universal flu vaccine. The Seattle Times.
  4. ^ Dynavax Reports Positive Data on Universal Flu Vaccine Candidate. Rita Biotech.
  5. ^ VaxInnate's Universal Flu Vaccine Candidate Shown Safe and Immunogenic in Phase I Clinical Study. Fierce Biotech.
  6. ^ Johnson & Johnson pursues vaccine firm. Charleston Gazette.
  7. ^ a b "Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Immunizes First Subject In U.S. Influenza DNA Vaccine Clinical Trial". Reuters.
  8. ^ Immune Targeting Systems – About Us
  9. ^ "Universal Influenza Vaccine Tested Successfully In Humans".
  10. ^ The Wistar Institute obtains patent for universal flu vaccine technology. Wistar Institute.
  11. ^ NIH Scientists Advance Universal Flu Vaccine. NIH.
  12. ^ Inovio Biomedical's SynCon preventive DNA vaccine receives approval in Korea for Phase I clinical trial
  13. ^ "Scientific Paper on Inovio Pharmaceuticals SynCon(TM) DNA Vaccines and Intradermal DNA Delivery Technology One of Most Cited Articles in the Journal Vaccine". October 14, 2010.
  14. ^ a b BBC: 'Super antibody' fights off flu
  15. ^ a b Independent: Scientists hail the prospect of a universal vaccine for flu
  16. ^ a b "Universal Flu Vaccine On The Horizon: Researchers Find 'Super Antibody'" The Huffington Post. July 28, 2011
  17. ^ Influenza Virus Vaccine Based on the Conserved Hemagglutinin Stalk Domain
  18. ^ Wang TT, Tan GS, Hai R, Pica N, Ngai L, Ekiert DC, Wilson IA, García-Sastre A, Moran TM (November 2010). "Vaccination with a synthetic peptide from the influenza virus hemagglutinin provides protection against distinct viral subtypes". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 107 (44): 18979–84. Bibcode:2010PNAS..10718979W. doi:10.1073/pnas.1013387107. PMC 2973924. PMID 20956293.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  19. ^ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22318394
  20. ^ "BiondVax Pharma (BVXV) Approved in Europe to Initiate Multimeric-001 Phase IIb". September 30, 2015.
  21. ^ "Branch of NIH to initiate mid-stage trial of BiondVax's flu vaccine candidate; shares up 37% premarket". Seeking Alpha. Retrieved 2016-03-13.
  22. ^ "Dynavax Presents Data From Novel Universal Flu Vaccine Candidate". 2009.
  23. ^ MarketWatch.com
  24. ^ Immune Targeting Systems – FP01 Influenza, undated page
  25. ^ Lambert and Fauci; Fauci, Anthony S. (2010). "Influenza Vaccines for the Future". NEJM. 363 (21): 2036–44. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1002842. PMID 21083388.
  26. ^ "H1N1 Gives Clues to Universal Flu Vaccine". January 18, 2011.
  27. ^ Wrammert, Jens; Koutsonanos, D.; Li, G.-M.; et al. (January 2011). "Broadly cross-reactive antibodies dominate the human B cell response against 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza virus infection" (PDF). JEM. 208: 181–193. doi:10.1084/jem.20101352.
  28. ^ "A vaccine for all flu seasons". Spring 2011.
  29. ^ Roos, Robert. "FDA expert: Universal flu vaccine still 5–10 years off". Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy (CIDRAP). Retrieved Feb 13, 2013.
  30. ^ Stalking influenza by vaccination with pre-fusion headless HA mini-stem. 2016

- Jytdog (talk) 14:36, 12 April 2016 (UTC)[reply]

It would be great to summarise any reviews of this area but I disagree that the above is "one long string of WP:NOTNEWS violations". - This a difficult problem and the slow progress on the many varied approaches deserves mention - at least until a good one is approved for general use. The information could be better presented but very little of it is yet clearly unimportant. Please identify any of it that you think should be removed, so it can be discussed. The summary in this article can be quite short, but most of the above IMO should be covered in the split out article. - Rod57 (talk) 11:23, 13 April 2016 (UTC)[reply]

News?

In my view the following is unremarkable and including it goes against WP:NOTNEWS. This was a local case, appealed to a state appeals court, under state law. Unclear in the sources (or to me) if that has much longer term or broader significance; seems very routine. Was added here with edit note "Added information on a landmark court case about the flu vaccine". As I said the source says nothing about "landmark" and I don't see that either.

A clerk at the McPherson Hospital in McPherson, Kansas was fired from her job and later denied unemployment benefits because they refused to get a flu shot. The case was heard in April of 2016 by the Kansas Court of Appeals where the three-judge panel unanimously affirmed an earlier lower court's dismissal of the employee from the hospital's emergency department.[1]

References

  1. ^ Associated, Press (2016-05-01). "Kansas court: OK to deny benefits to worker who objected to vaccine". Modern Healthcare. Retrieved 2016-05-02.

what do folks think? Jytdog (talk) 22:13, 2 May 2016 (UTC)[reply]

Agreed. It wasn't clear to me if this had any broad significance either. If it becomes a landmark case, I'm sure secondary sources on vaccine compliance will start to mention it as such. If someone can find those types of sources, I'd feel more comfortable including it. Happy to talk about it if anyone disagrees. Ajpolino (talk) 02:34, 3 May 2016 (UTC)[reply]
Agree it isn't noteworthy enough to be included, agree point by point with Ajpolino. Zad68 02:36, 3 May 2016 (UTC)[reply]
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