European mandatory age limits and related laws
Appearance
In individual European countries, there are laws and age limits relating to subjects such as abortion, driving, alcohol and tobacco consumption, that vary considerably between nations. Through EU directives, many EU countries share many laws relating to trade and industry, such as maximum working hours each week.
Law | Countries | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Albania | Austria | Belarus | Belgium | Bosnia | Croatia | Czech | Denmark | Estonia | Finland | France | Germany | Greece | Holland | Hungary | Ireland | Italy | Latvia | Lithuania | Macedonia | Norway | Poland | Portugal | Russia | Slovakia | Slovenia | Spain | Sweden | Switzerland | UK | Ukraine | |
Minimum age to drink beer | Alb | 16 | Bel | 16 | Bo | Cr | 18 | 16 | Es | 18 | Fr | 16 | Gr | 16 | 18 | 18 | It | La | Li | Mc | No | 18 | pt | ru | 18 | slo | sp | sw | 16 | 18 (14 with a meal) | ua |
Minimum age to drink spirits (brandy, vodka) | Alb | 16 | Bel | 18 | Bo | Cr | 18 | 16 | Es | 20 | Fr | 18 | Gr | 18 (over 15%) | 18 | 18 | It | La | Li | Mc | No | 18 | pt | ru | 18 | slo | sp | sw | 18 | 18 | ua |
Minimum age to drink wine | Alb | 16 | Bel | 16 | Bo | Cr | 18 | 16 | Es | 18 | Fr | 16 | Gr | 16 | 18 | 18 | It | La | Li | Mc | No | 18 | pt | ru | 18 | slo | sp | sw | 16 | 18 (14 with a meal) | ua |
Closing time for serving alcoholic drinks | Alb | None | Bel | Bg | Bo | Cr | None | None | Es | None | Fr | De | Gr | Depends on permit issued | None | Ir | It | La | Li | Mc | No | None | pt | ru | slv | slo | sp | sw | None, usually between 12-1am | Depends on permit issued | ua |
Minimum age to buy cigarettes | Alb | 16 | Bel | 16 | Bo | Cr | 18 | 16 | Es | 16 | Fr | De | Gr | 16 | 18 | 18 | It | La | Li | Mc | No | 18 | pt | ru | 18 | slo | sp | sw | No age limit | 16 | ua |
Minimum age to vote in government elections | Alb | 18 | Bel | Bg | Bo | Cr | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | Fr | De | Gr | 18 | 18 | 18 | It | La | Li | Mc | No | 18 | pt | ru | 18 | slo | sp | sw | 18 | 18 | ua |
Minimum age to drive a car | Alb | 17 | Bel | Bg | Bo | Cr | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | Fr | De | Gr | 18 | 17 | 17 | It | La | Li | Mc | No | 18 | pt | ru | 18 | slo | sp | sw | 18 | 17 | ua |
Minimum age to drive a motorbike over 50 cc | Alb | 18 | Bel | Bg | Bo | Cr | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | Fr | De | Gr | 18 | 18 | 17 | It | La | Li | Mc | No | 18 | pt | ru | 18 | slo | sp | sw | 18 | 17 | ua |
Minimum age to drive a motorbike up to 50 cc | Alb | 18 | Bel | Bg | Bo | Cr | 15 | 16 | 14 | 15 | Fr | De | Gr | 16 | 16 | 16 | It | La | Li | Mc | No | 16 | pt | ru | 15 | slo | sp | sw | 16 | 16 | ua |
Minimum age when you can be married (heterosexual) | Alb | 18 | Bel | Bg | Bo | Cr | 18 | 18 | Es | 18 | Fr | De | Gr | 18 | 16 with parental consent. | 16 with parental consent. | It | La | Li | Mc | No | Male 21 Female 18 | pt | ru | 15 with parental consent. | slo | sp | sw | 18 | 16 | ua |
Minimum age to have heterosexual sex | Alb | 13 | Bel | Bg | Bo | Cr | 15 | 15 | Es | 18 | Fr | De | Gr | 12 | 14 | 16 males, 17 females | It | La | Li | Mc | No | No age limit | pt | ru | 15 | slo | sp | sw | 16 | 16 | ua |
Minimum age two consenting adults can have homosexual sex | Alb | 13 | Bel | Bg | Bo | Cr | 15 | 15 | Es | 18 | Fr | De | Gr | 12 | 18 | 16 males, 17 females. | It | La | Li | Mc | No | 21 | pt | ru | 15 | slo | sp | sw | 16 | 18 | ua |
Time limit for abortions (weeks) | Alb | 12 | Bel | Bg | Bo | Cr | 12 | 12 | Es | 12 (24 for certain exceptions) | Fr | De | Gr | 24 | Hu | Prohibited | It | La | Li | Mc | No | Abortion prohibited | pt | ru | slv | slo | sp | sw | 12 | uk | ua |
Legality of smoking cannabis | Alb | Illegal | Bel | Bg | Bo | Cr | Illegal | Illegal | Es | Illegal | Fr | De | Gr | Legal | Hu | Illegal to sell, legal to smoke. | It | La | Li | Mc | No | Illegal | pt | ru | Illegal | slo | sp | sw | Illegal | Illegal | ua |
Compulsory military service | Alb | At age 18. 9 months military or 6 months civilian | Bel | Bg | Bo | Cr | None | None | Es | 6, 9 or 12 months at age 18 | Fr | De | Gr | None | Hu | None | It | La | Li | Mc | No | 1 year at 17 | pt | ru | None | slo | sp | sw | 18-21 weeks for men at 20 | None | ua |
Basic rate of income tax | Alb | No basic rate | Bel | Bg | Bo | Cr | Cz | Dk | Es | No basic rate | Fr | De | Gr | Ho | Hu | Ir | It | La | Li | Mc | No | 19% | pt | ru | 19% | slo | sp | sw | ch | uk | ua |
Notes
- 1. Proposals in Switzerland to limit sale of cigarettes to people aged 16 or 18.
- 2. There is a limited driving licence for those aged 16 in Estonia, allowing them to drive with a parent or guardian or someone nominated by a parent or guardian.
- 3. For bikes over 25 kW or an effective power of 160 W/kg in Estonia, you must be over 21.
- 4. For bikes under 50 cc in Estonia, drivers under 16 must have a certificate to say they have passed a traffic safety course.
- 5. For bikes over 25 kW in Austria, the rider must be over 21.
- 6. To be married in Austria, if one spouse at least 16 and the other is at least 18, they can be declared marriageable at court.
- 7. To have heterosexual or homosexual sex in Austria, if a partner is between 13 and 16, the elder partner must not be older than the younger by under 3 years.
- 8. Military service in Austria can be delayed for good reasons - university or health.
- 9. There are circumstances in Holland, where people can marry at 16, with obtained permission.
- 10. For people aged 12 to 16 in Holland who have heterosexual or homosexual sex, it is an offence if one of those involved or their parents files a complaint.
- 11. To produce, possess, sell, import or export cannabis in Holland is an offence. Smoking cannabis is not. This also applies in Ireland.
- 12. There is no age limit to drinking alcohol at home in Denmark. Alcoholic drinks can be bought by people over 16.
- 13. Bikes under 50 cc can be ridden by people in Denmark between 16 and 18, if the bike has a top speed of 30 km/h. A licence is needed.
- 14. Homosexuals can marry at 18 in Denmark.
- 15. To get married in Hungary between the ages of 16 and 18, you must have parental consent.
- 16. Bikes in Hungary up to 125 cc/11 kW can be driven by people over 16, bikes up to 25 kW or 160 W/kg by people over 18, and those over 25kW by people over 21 or with 2 years of experience with bikes up to 25 kW.