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Visa requirements for Chinese citizens of Hong Kong

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Visa requirements for Chinese citizens of Hong Kong are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on holders of Hong Kong SAR passports. In February 2016, Chinese citizens of Hong Kong holding Hong Kong SAR passports had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 154 countries and territories, ranking the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region passport 20th in the world according to the Visa Restrictions Index.[1] The official figure provided by the Hong Kong Immigration Department of countries and territories granting visa-free access to Hong Kong SAR passport holders is 156 as of 6 April 2016. (Note, however, that this figure excludes countries and territories which are not officially recognised by the People's Republic of China, such as Kosovo and Taiwan.)[2]

As a result of both bilateral visa abolition agreements (e.g. between Hong Kong and Russia[3]) and unilateral decisions to grant visa exemptions (e.g. by Nicaragua[4]), Hong Kong Special Administrative Region passport holders enjoy visa exemptions and simplified visa procedures to a large number of destinations worldwide. Whilst the visa exemptions mostly only apply when Chinese citizens of Hong Kong are visiting on short trips for pleasure or on business, a number of countries extend the visa exemption to short stays involving paid activities (e.g. Belgium and Luxembourg).

Visa requirements map

Visa requirements for Chinese citizens of Hong Kong

Visa requirements

Visa requirements for holders of normal passports travelling for tourist purposes:

Country Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
 Afghanistan Visa required[5]
 Albania Visa not required[6] 14 days
 Algeria Visa required[7]
 Andorra Visa not required[8] 3 months
 Angola Visa required[9]
 Antigua and Barbuda Electronic Entry Visa[10]
 Argentina Visa not required[11] 90 days
 Armenia Visa on arrival[12] 120 days. Obtainable on arrival at Zvartnots International Airport or prior to travel online.[13]
 Australia Electronic Travel Authority[14] 90 days on each visit in 12-month period if granted
 Austria Visa not required[15] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Azerbaijan Visa required[16]
 Bahamas Visa not required[17] 3 months
 Bahrain Visa on arrival[18] 14 days
 Bangladesh Visa required[19]
 Barbados Visa required[20]
 Belarus Visa required[21] Visas are issued on arrival at the Minsk International Airport if the support documents were submitted not later than 3 business days before expected date of arrival.[22]
 Belgium Visa not required[23] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Belize Visa not required[24] 90 days
 Benin Visa required[25]
 Bhutan Visa required[26]
 Bolivia Visa required[27] Visa may be obtained on arrival by Chinese citizens of Hong Kong who do not reside in Hong Kong or other parts of China.
 Bosnia and Herzegovina Visa not required[28] 90 days within 180 days
 Botswana Visa not required[29] 90 days per year
 Brazil Visa not required[30] 90 days
 Brunei Visa not required[31] 14 days
 Bulgaria Visa not required[32] 90 days within 180 days
 Burkina Faso Visa on arrival[33] 1 month
 Burundi Visa required[34]
 Cambodia Visa on arrival[35] 30 days
 Cameroon Visa required[36]
 Canada Visa not required[37] 6 months; eTA required if arriving by air from March 15, 2016.[38]
 Cape Verde Visa not required[39] 90 days
 Central African Republic Visa required[40]
 Chad Visa required[41]
 Chile Visa not required[42] 90 days
 Mainland China With Home Return Permit only Entry to Mainland China cannot be on a HKSAR passport. However, all eligible for a HKSAR passport are also able to apply for a Home Return Permit, allowing the holder to enter and stay in Mainland China until its expiry. Issuance of the Home Return Permit is not automatic for all HKSAR passport holders and is at the sole discretion of the Bureau of Exit and Entry Administration of the Ministry of Public Security.
 Colombia Visa not required[43] 180 days
 Comoros Visa on arrival[44]
 Republic of the Congo Visa required[45]
 Democratic Republic of the Congo Visa required[46]
 Costa Rica Visa required[47]
 Côte d'Ivoire Visa required[48]
 Croatia Visa not required[49] 90 days within 180 days
 Cuba Tourist Card required[50]
 Cyprus Visa not required[51] 90 days within 180 days
 Czech Republic Visa not required[52] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Denmark Visa not required[53] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Djibouti Visa on arrival[54] Not available at all entry points.[55]
 Dominica Visa not required[56] 6 months
 Dominican Republic Visa not required[57] 90 days, Tourist card required on arrival
 Ecuador Visa not required[58] 90 days[59]
 Egypt Visa not required[60] 3 months
 El Salvador Visa required[61]
 Equatorial Guinea Visa required[62]
 Eritrea Visa required[63]
 Estonia Visa not required[64] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Ethiopia Visa on arrival[65]
 Fiji Visa not required[66] 4 months
 Finland Visa not required[67] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 France and territories Visa not required[68] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area (in Regions of France)
 Gabon e-Visa[69] Electronic visa holders must arrive via Libreville International Airport.
 Gambia Visa required[70]
 Georgia eVisa[71]
 Germany Visa not required[72] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Ghana Visa required[73]
 Greece Visa not required[74] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Grenada Visa not required[75] 3 months
 Guatemala Visa required[76]
 Guinea Visa required[77]
 Guinea-Bissau Visa on arrival[78] 90 days
 Guyana Visa not required[79] 90 days
 Haiti Visa not required[80] 3 months
 Honduras Visa required[81]
 Hungary Visa not required[82] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Iceland Visa not required[83] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 India e-Tourist Visa[84] 30 days
 Indonesia Visa not required[85] 30 days
 Iran Visa on arrival[86] 30 days[87]
 Iraq Visa required[88]
 Ireland Visa not required[89] 3 months
 Israel Visa not required[90] 3 months
 Italy Visa not required[91] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Jamaica Visa not required[92] 30 days
 Japan Visa not required[93] 90 days
 Jordan Visa on arrival[94] Free of charge. Not available at all entry points.[95]
 Kazakhstan Visa not required[96] 14 days
 Kenya eVisa[97] 3 months
 Kiribati Visa not required[98] 30 days
 North Korea Visa required[99]
 South Korea Visa not required[100] 90 days
 Kuwait eVisa[101] 3 months
 Kyrgyzstan Visa required[102]
 Laos Visa on arrival[103] 30 days
 Latvia Visa not required[104] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Lebanon Visa on arrival[105] 1 month extendable for 2 additional months; granted free of charge at Beirut International Airport or any other port of entry if there is no Israeli visa or seal, holding a telephone number, an address in Lebanon, and a non refundable return or circle trip ticket.
 Lesotho Visa not required[106] 30 days
 Liberia Visa required[107]
 Libya Visa required[108]
 Liechtenstein Visa not required[109] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Lithuania Visa not required[110] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Luxembourg Visa not required[111] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Macedonia Visa not required[112] 90 days within 180 days
 Madagascar Visa on arrival[113] 90 days
 Malawi Visa not required[114] 30 days
 Malaysia Visa not required[115] 1 month
 Maldives Visa on arrival[116] 30 days[59]
 Mali Visa required[117]
 Malta Visa not required[118] 90 days within 180 days
 Marshall Islands Visa required[119]
 Mauritania Visa on arrival[120] Available at Nouakchott–Oumtounsy International Airport.
 Mauritius Visa not required[121] 90 days
 Mexico Visa not required[122] 180 days
 Micronesia Visa not required[123] 30 days
 Moldova Visa not required[124] 90 days within 180 days
 Monaco Visa not required[125]
 Mongolia Visa not required[126] 14 days
 Montenegro Visa not required[127] 90 days within 180 days
 Morocco Visa not required[128] 30 days
 Mozambique Visa on arrival[129] 30 days, conditions apply[130]
 Myanmar eVisa[131] 28 days. eVisa holders must arrive via Yangon, Nay Pyi Taw or Mandalay airports.
 Namibia Visa not required[132] 3 months
 Nauru Visa required[133]
   Nepal Visa on arrival[134] 90 days
 Netherlands Visa not required[135] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area (European Netherlands)
 New Zealand Visa not required[136] 90 days
 Nicaragua Visa not required[137] 90 days
 Niger Visa not required[138] 14 days
 Nigeria Visa required[139]
 Norway Visa not required[140] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Oman Visa on arrival[141] 30 days[59]
 Pakistan Visa required[142] Visa on arrival when travelling on business valid for 30 days. Conditions apply.[143]
 Palau Visa on arrival[144] 30 days
 Panama Visa not required[145]
 Papua New Guinea Visa on arrival[146] 60 days
 Paraguay Visa required[147]
 Peru Visa not required[148] up to 183 days
 Philippines Visa not required[149] 14 days
 Poland Visa not required[150] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Portugal Visa not required[151] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Qatar Visa on arrival[152] 1 month
 Romania Visa not required[153] 90 days within 180 days
 Russia Visa not required[154] 14 days
 Rwanda Visa not required[155] 90 days
 Saint Kitts and Nevis Visa not required[156] 3 months
 Saint Lucia Visa not required[157]
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Visa not required[158] 1 month
 Samoa Entry Permit on arrival[159] 60 days
 San Marino Visa not required[160]
 São Tomé and Príncipe Visa required[161] Visa is obtained online.[162]
 Saudi Arabia Visa required[163]
 Senegal Visa required[164]
 Serbia Visa not required[165] 14 days
 Seychelles Visitor's Permit on arrival[166] 3 months[59]
 Sierra Leone Visa required[167]
 Singapore Visa not required[168] 30 days
 Slovakia Visa not required[169] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Slovenia Visa not required[170] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Solomon Islands Visa required[171]
 Somalia Visa on arrival[172] 30 days, must hold an invitation letter issued at least 2 days before arrival.
 South Africa Visa not required[173] 90 days
 South Sudan Visa required[174]
 Spain Visa not required[175] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Sri Lanka Electronic Travel Authority[176] 30 days, extendable for another 150 days. Also visa available upon arrival.
 Sudan Visa required[177]
 Suriname Visa not required[178] 90 days
 Swaziland Visa required[179]
 Sweden Visa not required[180] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
  Switzerland Visa not required[181] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Syria Visa required[182]
 Tajikistan Visa on arrival[183] 45 days
 Tanzania Visa not required[184] 3 months
 Thailand Visa not required[185] 1 month
 Timor-Leste Visa on arrival[186] 30 days. Not available at all entry points.[187]
 Togo Visa on arrival[188] 7 days
 Tonga Visa on arrival[189] 31 days
 Trinidad and Tobago Visa not required[190] 90 days
 Tunisia Visa not required[191] 90 days
 Turkey Visa not required[192] 3 months
 Turkmenistan Visa required[193]
 Tuvalu Visa on arrival[194] 1 month[59]
 Uganda Visa not required[195] 3 months. May apply online.[196]
 Ukraine Visa not required[197] 14 days
 United Arab Emirates Visa on arrival[198] Free of charge, 1 month
 United Kingdom Visa not required[199] 6 months
 United States Visa required[200] HK citizens who do receive a visa are normally issued "10-years multiple-entry combination B1/B2 visas."
 Uruguay Visa not required[201] 3 months
 Uzbekistan Visa required[202]
 Vanuatu Visa not required[203] 30 days
 Vatican City Visa not required[204]
 Venezuela Visa not required[205] 90 days
 Vietnam Visa required[206] Visa on arrival only when having a Visa Approval Letter from Vietnamese immigration authority. This can be applied through Vietnamese travel agencies online. Visa on arrival only available at Hanoi, Da Nang and Ho Chi Minh City International Airport. Otherwise visa required.
 Yemen Visa required[207]
 Zambia Visa not required[208] 90 days
 Zimbabwe Visa not required[209] 6 months

Territories

Visa requirements for Chinese citizens of Hong Kong for visits to various territories, disputed areas, partially recognised countries and restricted zones:

Europe
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
 Abkhazia Visa required[210]
Mount Athos Special permit required Special permit required (4 days: 25 euro for Orthodox visitors, 35 euro for non-Orthodox visitors, 18 euro for students). There is a visitors' quota: maximum 100 Orthodox and 10 non-Orthodox per day and women are not allowed.[211][212]
Autonomous Republic of Crimea Crimea Visa not required Visa issued by Russia is required, HK SAR Passport is exempted from a visa to enter Russia for 14 days.[213]
 Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Visa not required 3 months[214][215]
United Nations UN Buffer Zone in Cyprus Access Permit required[216] Access Permit is required for travelling inside the zone, except Civil Use Areas.
 Faroe Islands Visa not required[217]
 Gibraltar Visa not required[218]
 Guernsey Visa not required[219]
 Isle of Man Visa not required[220]
Norway Jan Mayen Permit required Permit issued by the local police required for staying for less than 24 hours[221] and permit issued by the Norwegian police for staying for more than 24 hours.[222]
 Jersey Visa not required[223]
 Kosovo Visa not required[224] 90 days
 Nagorno-Karabakh Republic Visa required[225][226] Travellers with Nagorno-Karabakh visa (expired or valid) or evidence of travel to Nagorno-Karabakh (stamps) will be permanently denied entry to Azerbaijan.[227]
 Russia Special authorisation required Several closed cities and regions in Russia require special authorisation.[228]
 South Ossetia Visa not required Multiple entry visa to Russia and three-day prior notification are required to enter South Ossetia.[229][230]
 Transnistria Visa not required Registration required after 24h.[231][232]
Africa
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
 British Indian Ocean Territory Special permit required Special permit required.[233]
 Eritrea outside Asmara Travel permit required To travel in the rest of the country, a Travel Permit for Foreigners is required (20 Eritrean nakfa).[234]
 Mayotte Visa not required[235] 90 days
 Réunion Visa not required[235] 90 days
 Ascension Island Entry Permit required Entry Permit must be obtained minimum 28 days in advance (3 months for 20/30 pounds sterling, single/double entry).[236]
 Saint Helena Visitor's Pass required Visitor's Pass granted on arrival valid for 4/10/21/60/90 days for 12/14/16/20/25 pound sterling.[237]
 Tristan da Cunha Permission required Permission to land required for 15/30 pounds sterling (yacht/ship passenger) for Tristan da Cunha Island or 20 pounds sterling for Gough Island, Inaccessible Island or Nightingale Islands.[238]
 Somaliland Visa on arrival 30 days for 30 US dollars, payable on arrival.[239][240]
 Sudan Travel permit required All foreigners travelling more than 25 kilometres outside of Khartoum must obtain a travel permit.
Sudan Darfur Travel permit required Separate travel permit is required.[241]
Asia
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
 India PAP/RAP PAP/RAP required Protected Area Permit (PAP) required for all of Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Mizoram and parts of Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir and Uttarakhand. Restricted Area Permit (RAP) required for all of Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Lakshadweep and parts of Sikkim. Some of these requirements are occasionally lifted for a year.[242][243][244][245][246]
 Kazakhstan Special permission required Special permission required for the town of Baikonur and surrounding areas in Kyzylorda Oblast, and the town of Gvardeyskiy near Almaty.[247]
Iran Kish Island Visa not required Visitors to Kish Island do not require a visa.[248]
Malaysia Malaysia:

Sabah Sabah and Sarawak Sarawak

Visa not required These states have their own immigration authorities and passport is required to travel to them, however the same visa applies.[249]
Maldives Maldives Permission required With the exception of the capital Malé, tourists are generally prohibited from visiting non-resort islands without the express permission of the Government of Maldives.[250]
 Palestine Visa not required[251] Arrival by sea to Gaza Strip not allowed.[252]
Tajikistan Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province OIVR permit required OIVR permit required (15+5 Tajikistani Somoni) and another special permit (free of charge) is required for Lake Sarez.[253][254][255]
United Nations Korean Demilitarized Zone Restricted zone.
United Nations UNDOF Zone and Ghajar Restricted zone.
 Yemen Special permission required Special permission needed for travel outside Sana'a or Aden.[256]
Caribbean and North Atlantic
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)f
 Anguilla Visa not required[257] 3 months
 Aruba Visa not required[258] 30 days
 Bermuda Visa not required[259] lesser than 6 months
Netherlands Bonaire, St. Eustatius and Saba Visa not required[260] 30 days
 British Virgin Islands Visa not required[261] 30 days
 Cayman Islands Visa not required[262] 60 days for tourism / 10 days for business
 Curacao Visa not required[263] 30 days
France French Guiana Visa not required[264] 90 days
France French West Indies Visa not required French West Indies refers to Martinique, Guadeloupe, Saint Martin and Saint Barthélemy.[265]
 Greenland Visa not required[217] 90 days
 Montserrat Visa not required[266] 90 days
 Puerto Rico Visa required[267]
 Saint Pierre and Miquelon Visa not required[235] 90 days
 Sint Maarten Visa not required[268] 3 months
 Turks and Caicos Islands Visa not required[269] 90 days
 U.S. Virgin Islands Visa required[270]
Oceania
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
 American Samoa Visa required[271]
Australia Ashmore and Cartier Islands Special authorisation required Special authorisation required.[272]
France Clipperton Island Special permit required Special permit required.[273]
 Cook Islands Visa not required[274] 31 days[275]
Fiji Lau Province Special permission required Special permission required.[276]
 French Polynesia Visa not required[277] 90 days
 Guam Visa not required[278] 45 days
 New Caledonia Visa not required[235] 90 days
 Northern Mariana Islands Visa not required[279] 45 days
 Niue Visa on arrival[280] 30 days[281]
 Pitcairn Islands Visa not required 14 days visa free and landing fee 35 USD or tax of 5 USD if not going ashore.[282][283][284]
United States United States Minor Outlying Islands Special permits required Special permits required for Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll and Wake Island.[285][286][287][288][289][290][291]
 Wallis and Futuna Visa not required[235] 90 days
South America
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
Galápagos Pre-registration required Online pre-registration is required. Transit Control Card must also be obtained at the airport prior to departure.[292]
South Atlantic and Antarctica
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
 Falkland Islands Visa not required[293] 4 months
 South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands Permit required Pre-arrival permit from the Commissioner required (72 hours/1 month for 110/160 pounds sterling).[294][295]
Antarctica Special permits required for  British Antarctic Territory,  French Southern and Antarctic Lands,  Argentine Antarctica, Australia Australian Antarctic Territory, Antártica Chilena Province Chilean Antarctic Territory, Australia Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Norway Peter I Island, Norway Queen Maud Land, New Zealand Ross Dependency.[296][297][298][299][300][301][302][303][304][305][306][307]

Greater China

 Mainland China With Home Return Permit[308] Home Return Permit can only be applied from Hong Kong or Macau. For those without a Home Return Permit and are not in Hong Kong or Macau, a Chinese Travel Document is required and can be applied at Chinese diplomatic missions.
 Macao Visa not required[309] Visa free for holders of Hong Kong Permanent Identity Cards for a stay of less than one year. Visa not required for 7 days for passengers in transit holding HKSAR passports.
 Taiwan Entry permit on arrival[310] Entry permit on arrival for NT$300. Free online registration prior to arrival is also available. Applicable only to those born in Hong Kong or Macau, or those who have previously entered Taiwan at least once as a permanent resident of Hong Kong. Not applicable to HKSAR passport holders with nationality or citizenship of another country except for persons with dual Chinese nationality and British National (Overseas) status.[311]

Passport validity

Many countries require passport validity of no less than 6 months and one or two blank pages.[312]

APEC Business Travel Card

  Full members of the scheme
  Transitional members (United States, Canada)

Holders of an APEC Business Travel Card (ABTC) travelling on business do not require a visa to the following countries:[313]

1 – up to 90 days
2 – up to 60 days
3 – up to 59 days

Permanent residents with Chinese nationality are required to use their Home Return Permits instead. Only holders of non-Chinese passports can use the card to enter China Mainland China.

The card must be used in conjunction with a passport and has the following advantages:[314]

  • no need to apply for a visa or entry permit to APEC countries, as the card is treated as such (except by  Canada and  United States)
  • undertake legitimate business in participating economies
  • expedited border crossing in all member economies, including transitional members
  • expedited scheduling of visa interview (USA)

Vaccination

Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Uganda, Zambia require all incoming passengers to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination. Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area.[315]

Israeli stamps

Visitors with passport stamp of Israel are not allowed to enter a number of countries because of the Arab League boycott of Israel.

See also

References

  1. ^ "Global Ranking - Visa Restriction Index 2016" (PDF). Henley & Partners. Retrieved 27 February 2016.
  2. ^ Visa-free Access for HKSAR Passports. GovHK.
  3. ^ Visa-free access to Russia for HKSAR passport holders. Immd.gov.hk (21 January 2013).
  4. ^ https://www.timaticweb.com/cgi-bin/tim_website_client.cgi?SpecData=1&VISA=&page=visa&NA=HK&AR=00&PASSTYPES=PASS&DE=NI&user=DL&subuser=DELTAB2C
  5. ^ Visa information, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Afghanistan.
  6. ^ Visa regime for foreign citizens, Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs of Albania.
  7. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  8. ^ Travel to Andorra, Ministry of External Affairs of Andorra.
  9. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  11. ^ Visa regime, National Directorate of Migrations of Argentina (in Spanish).
  12. ^ Visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Armenia.
  13. ^ Republic of Armenia Electronic Visa System. e-Visa.
  14. ^ Visitor visa options, Department of Home Affairs of Australia.
  15. ^ Schengen visa, Federal Ministry for Europe, Integration and Foreign Affairs of Austria.
  16. ^ Countries with visa-free travel regime, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Azerbaijan (in Azerbaijani).
  17. ^ eVISA Online Services – Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Bahamas, Government of the Bahamas
  18. ^ Bahrain eVisas, Ministry of Interior of Bahrain.
  19. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  20. ^ Barbados Visa Requirements and Reciprocal Arrangements, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade of Barbados, 1 July 2020.
  21. ^ Visa-free travel, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Belarus.
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  26. ^ Visa, Tourism Council of Bhutan.
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  30. ^ Visas to travel to Brazil, Ministry of External Relations of Brazil (in Portuguese and English).
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  50. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  55. ^ Obtainable at Djibouti–DJ International Airport.
  56. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  58. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  59. ^ a b c d e Extendable length of stay.
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  68. ^ Foreign nationals holding ordinary passports exempt from visa requirements, Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs of France, January 2016.
  69. ^ Gabon e-Visa
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  71. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  72. ^ Overview of visa requirements/exemptions for entry into the Federal Republic of Germany, Federal Foreign Office of Germany.
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