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Carrie Fisher

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Carrie Fisher
Fisher in 2013
Fisher in 2013
Born
Carrie Frances Fisher

(1956-10-21)October 21, 1956
Beverly Hills, California, U.S.
DiedDecember 27, 2016(2016-12-27) (aged 60)
Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Occupation(s)Actress, writer, producer, humorist
Years active1969–2016
Spouse
​
​
(m. 1983; div. 1984)​
PartnerBryan Lourd (1991–1994)
ChildrenBillie Lourd
Parents
Relatives

Carrie Frances Fisher[1] (October 21, 1956 – December 27, 2016) was an American actress, writer, producer, and humorist. She was the daughter of singer Eddie Fisher and actress Debbie Reynolds. Fisher was known for playing Princess Leia in the Star Wars film series. Her other film roles included Shampoo (1975), The Blues Brothers (1980), Hannah and Her Sisters (1986), The 'Burbs (1989), and When Harry Met Sally... (1989).[2]

Fisher was also known for her semi-autobiographical novels, including Postcards from the Edge and the screenplay for the film of the same name, as well as her autobiographical one-woman play and its nonfiction book, Wishful Drinking, based on the show. She additionally served as a script doctor, working on other writers' screenplays.[3] In later years, she earned praise for speaking publicly about her experiences with bipolar disorder and drug addiction.[4]

Fisher died at the age of 60 on December 27, 2016, four days after going into cardiac arrest near the end of a transatlantic flight from London to Los Angeles.

Early life

Fisher was born in Beverly Hills, California, the daughter of singer Eddie Fisher (1928–2010) and actress Debbie Reynolds (1932–).[5] Her paternal grandparents were Russian Jewish immigrants. Her mother was raised a Nazarene, and is of English and Scots-Irish ancestry.[6][7][8][9] When Fisher was two, her parents divorced after her father left Reynolds for her mother's close friend, actress Elizabeth Taylor, the widow of her father's best friend Mike Todd.[10] The following year, her mother married Harry Karl, owner of a shoe-store chain, who secretly spent Reynolds' life savings.[10]

Fisher "hid in books" as a child, becoming known in her family as "the bookworm".[11] She spent her earliest years reading classic literature, and writing poetry. She attended Beverly Hills High School until age 15, when she appeared as a debutante and singer in the hit Broadway revival Irene (1973), which starred her mother.[12] This activity interfered with her education, and she never graduated from high school.[13] In 1973, Fisher enrolled at London's Central School of Speech and Drama, which she attended for 18 months,[14] and in 1978 Fisher was accepted into Sarah Lawrence College, where she planned to study the arts. However, she left before graduating due to conflicts filming Star Wars.[15]

Career

1970s

Fisher with Wim Wenders in 1978

Fisher made her film debut in the Columbia Pictures comedy Shampoo (1975) starring Warren Beatty, Julie Christie and Goldie Hawn, with Lee Grant and Jack Warden as her precociously seductive character's parents.[2] In 1977, Fisher starred as Princess Leia in George Lucas' science-fiction film Star Wars (later retitled Star Wars: Episode IV – A New Hope) opposite Mark Hamill and Harrison Ford.[16] At the time, she believed the script for Star Wars was fantastic, but did not expect many people to agree with her. Though her fellow actors were not close at the time, they bonded after the commercial success of the film.[17] During filming, she had an affair with Ford (who was then married to Mary Marquardt), which she stated was "so intense ... It was Han and Leia during the week, and Carrie and Harrison during the weekend."[18][19]

In April 1978, she appeared as the love interest in Ringo Starr's 1978 TV special Ringo.[20] The next month, she appeared alongside John Ritter (who had also appeared in Ringo) in the ABC-TV film Leave Yesterday Behind.[21] At this time, Fisher appeared with Laurence Olivier and Joanne Woodward in the anthology series Laurence Olivier Presents in a television version of the William Inge play Come Back, Little Sheba.[22] That November, she appeared as Princess Leia in the 1978 TV production Star Wars Holiday Special, and sang in the last scene.[23]

1980s

Fisher appeared in the film The Blues Brothers as Jake's vengeful ex-lover; she is listed in the credits as "Mystery Woman".[24] While in Chicago filming the movie, her life was saved by Dan Aykroyd when she was choking on a Brussels sprout and he performed the Heimlich maneuver on her.[25] She appeared on Broadway in Censored Scenes from King Kong in 1980. The same year, she reprised her role as Princess Leia in The Empire Strikes Back, and appeared with her Star Wars costars on the cover of the July 12, 1980 issue of Rolling Stone to promote the film.[26] She also starred as Sister Agnes in the Broadway production of Agnes of God in 1982.[27]

In 1983, Fisher returned to the role of Princess Leia in Return of the Jedi, and posed in the Princess Leia metal bikini on the cover of the Summer 1983 issue of Rolling Stone to promote the film.[28][29] The iconic costume later achieved a following of its own.[30] In 1986 she starred along with Barbara Hershey and Mia Farrow in Woody Allen's Hannah and Her Sisters.

In 1987 Fisher published her first novel, Postcards from the Edge. The book was semi-autobiographical in the sense that she fictionalized and satirized real-life events such as her drug addiction of the late 1970s and her relationship with her mother. It became a bestseller, and she received the Los Angeles Pen Award for Best First Novel. Also during 1987, she was in the Australian film The Time Guardian. In 1989 Fisher played a major supporting role in When Harry Met Sally..., and in the same year she appeared with Tom Hanks as his wife in The 'Burbs.[2]

1990s

In 1990, Columbia Pictures released a film version of Postcards from the Edge, adapted for the screen by Fisher and starring Meryl Streep, Shirley MacLaine and Dennis Quaid. Fisher appeared in the fantasy comedy film Drop Dead Fred in 1991, and played a therapist in Austin Powers: International Man of Mystery (1997).[2] During the 1990s, Fisher also published the novels Surrender the Pink (1990) and Delusions of Grandma (1993). Fisher also did uncredited script work for movies such as Lethal Weapon 3 (where she wrote some of Rene Russo's dialogue), Outbreak (also starring Russo) and The Wedding Singer.[31]

2000s

In the 2000 film Scream 3, Fisher played a former actress,[32] and in 2001 she played a nun in the Kevin Smith comedy Jay and Silent Bob Strike Back. She also co-wrote the TV comedy film These Old Broads (2001), of which she was also co-executive producer. It starred her mother Debbie Reynolds, as well as Elizabeth Taylor, Joan Collins and Shirley MacLaine.[33]

Besides acting and writing original works, Fisher was one of the top script doctors in Hollywood, working on the screenplays of other writers.[34][35] She did uncredited polishes on movies in a 15-year stretch from 1991 to 2005.[34] She was hired by George Lucas to polish scripts for his 1992 TV series The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles and the dialogue for the Star Wars prequel scripts.[34] Her expertise in this area was the reason she was chosen as one of the interviewers for the screenwriting documentary Dreams on Spec in 2007. In an interview in 2004, Fisher said that she no longer did much script doctoring.[35]

In 2005, Women in Film & Video – DC recognized Fisher with the Women of Vision Award.[36]

Fisher also voiced Peter Griffin's boss, Angela, on the animated sitcom Family Guy[37] and wrote the introduction for a book of photographs titled Hollywood Moms, which was published in 2001.[38] Fisher published a sequel to Postcards, The Best Awful There Is, in 2004. In August 2006, Fisher appeared in the audience of the Comedy Central's Roast of William Shatner.

Fisher wrote and performed in her one-woman play Wishful Drinking at the Geffen Playhouse in Los Angeles from November 2006 to January 2007.[39] Her show then played throughout 2008 at the Berkeley Repertory Theater,[40] San Jose, the Hartford Stage,[41] the Arena Stage[42] and Boston.[43] Fisher published her autobiographical book, also titled Wishful Drinking, based on her successful play in December 2008 and embarked on a media tour. In 2009, Fisher returned to the stage with her play at the Seattle Repertory Theatre.[44] Wishful Drinking then opened on Broadway in New York at Studio 54 and played an extended run from October 2009 until January 2010.[45][46] In December 2009, Fisher's audiobook recording of Wishful Drinking, earned her a nomination for a 2009 Grammy Award in the Best Spoken Word Album category.[47]

Fisher joined Turner Classic Movies host Robert Osborne on Saturday evenings in 2007 for The Essentials with informative and entertaining conversation on Hollywood's best films. She guest-starred in the episode titled "Sex and Another City" from season 3 of Sex and the City with Sarah Jessica Parker. On October 25, 2007, Fisher guest-starred as Rosemary Howard on the second-season episode of 30 Rock called "Rosemary's Baby", for which she received an Emmy Award nomination.[48] On April 28, 2008, she was a guest on Deal or No Deal.[49] In 2008, she also had a cameo as a doctor in the Star Wars-related comedy Fanboys.

2010s

In 2010, HBO aired a feature-length documentary based on a special live performance of Fisher's Wishful Drinking stage production.[50] Fisher also appeared on the seventh season of Entourage in the summer of 2010.[50]

Fisher was among the featured performers at the Comedy Central Roast of Roseanne, which aired in August 2012. Host Jane Lynch joked that Fisher was there to add perspective to Roseanne's struggles with weight and drugs. Fellow roaster Wayne Brady poked fun at Fisher's career, saying she was the only celebrity "whose action figure is worth more than you are."[51]

She was selected as a member of the main competition jury at the 2013 Venice Film Festival.[52] She filmed an appearance on the UK comedy panel show QI that was broadcast on December 25, 2014.[53] Carrie starred alongside Sharon Horgan and American comedian Rob Delaney in Catastrophe, a six-part comedy series for the British Channel 4[54] that aired in the UK from January 19, 2015.[55]

Fisher's memoir, The Princess Diarist, was released in November 2016. The book is based on diaries she kept while filming the original Star Wars trilogy in the late 1970s and early 1980s.[56][57]

Fisher with fellow Star Wars actors Mark Hamill and Harrison Ford

Fisher confirmed in March 2013 that she would reprise her role as Princess Leia in Episode VII of the series, in an interview following the announcement that a new trilogy of Star Wars films would be produced. Fisher claimed that Leia was "Elderly. She's in an intergalactic old folks' home [laughs]. I just think she would be just like she was before, only slower and less inclined to be up for the big battle."[58] After other media outlets reported this on March 6, 2013, her representative said the same day that Fisher was joking and that nothing was announced.[59]

In an interview in January with TV Guide, Carrie Fisher confirmed her involvement and the involvement of the original cast in the upcoming sequels by saying "as for the next Star Wars film, myself, Harrison Ford and Mark Hamill are expected to report to work in March or April. I'd like to wear my old cinnamon buns hairstyle again but with white hair. I think that would be funny."[60]

In March, Fisher stated that she was moving to London for six months because that was where the filming would take place.[61] On April 29, 2014, the cast for Star Wars Episode VII was officially announced, and Fisher, along with Harrison Ford, Mark Hamill, Peter Mayhew, Anthony Daniels, and Kenny Baker, were all cast in their original roles for the film. Star Wars Episode VII, subtitled The Force Awakens, was released worldwide on December 18, 2015. Fisher was nominated for a 2016 Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress for her portrayal.[62]

In Rogue One, which predates the original trilogy, a very young version of Leia and the character Grand Moff Tarkin appear, both through computer animation.[63][64] Fisher had completed filming her role as Leia in Star Wars: Episode VIII shortly before her death.[65] Variety reported following her death that Fisher was slated to appear in Episode IX and that now Lucasfilm, Disney and others involved with the film will need to find a way to address her passing and what will become of her character.[66][67][68]

Personal life

Fisher dated musician Paul Simon from 1977 until 1983.[citation needed] In 1980, she was briefly engaged to Canadian actor and comedian Dan Aykroyd, who proposed on the set of their film The Blues Brothers. She said: "We had rings, we got blood tests, the whole shot. But then I got back together with Paul Simon."[69] Fisher was married to Simon from August 1983 to July 1984, and they dated again for a time after their divorce.[citation needed] During their marriage, she appeared in Simon's music video for the song "Rene and Georgette Magritte with Their Dog after the War". Simon's song "Hearts and Bones" is about their relationship.[citation needed]

She subsequently had a relationship with Creative Artists Agency principal and talent agent Bryan Lourd. They had one child together, Billie Catherine Lourd (born July 17, 1992). Eddie Fisher stated in his autobiography (Been There Done That) that his granddaughter's name is Catherine Fisher Lourd and her nickname is "Billy". The couple's relationship ended when Lourd left to be in a relationship with a man. Though Fisher described Lourd as her second husband in interviews, according to a 2004 profile of the actress and writer, she and Lourd were never legally married.[70]

In her 2016 autobiography, The Princess Diarist, Fisher claimed that she and Harrison Ford had a three-month affair in 1976 during the filming of Star Wars.[71]

Fisher also had a close relationship with James Blunt. While working on his album Back to Bedlam in 2003, Blunt spent much of his time at Fisher's residence. When Vanity Fair's George Wayne asked Fisher if their relationship was sexual, she replied: "Absolutely not, but I did become his therapist. He was a soldier. This boy has seen awful stuff. Every time James hears fireworks or anything like that, his heart beats faster, and he gets 'fight or flight.' You know, he comes from a long line of soldiers dating back to the 10th century. He would tell me these horrible stories. He was a captain, a reconnaissance soldier. I became James' therapist. So it would have been unethical to sleep with my patient."[16]

On February 26, 2005, R. Gregory "Greg" Stevens, a lobbyist, was found dead in Fisher's California home. The final autopsy report lists the cause of death as "cocaine and oxycodone use" but adds chronic, and apparently previously undiagnosed, heart disease as contributing factors. Media coverage of an initial autopsy report used the word "overdose," but that wording is not in the final report.[72] In an interview, Fisher claimed that Stevens' ghost haunted her mansion, which unsettled her: "I was a nut for a year", she explained, "and in that year I took drugs again."[16]

Fisher described herself as an "enthusiastic agnostic who would be happy to be shown that there is a God".[73] She was raised Protestant,[7] but often attended Jewish services, the faith of her father, with Orthodox friends.[74]

She was a spokesperson for Jenny Craig weight loss television ads that aired in January 2011.[75]

Bipolar disorder and drug use

In appearances on ABC's 20/20 and The Secret Life of the Manic Depressive with Stephen Fry for the BBC, Fisher publicly discussed her diagnosis of bipolar disorder and her addictions to cocaine and prescription medication.[76] She said that her drug use was a form of self-medication; she used pain medication such as Percodan to "dial down" the manic aspect of her bipolar disorder.[77] "Drugs made me feel normal," she explained to Psychology Today in 2001. "They contained me."[77] She discussed her 2008 memoir Wishful Drinking and various topics in it with Matt Lauer on NBC's Today that same year, and also revealed that she would have turned down the role of Princess Leia had she realized it would give her the celebrity status that made her parents' lives difficult.[78] This interview was followed by a similar appearance on The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson on December 12, 2008, where she discussed her electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) treatments.[79] At one point, she received ECT every six weeks to "blow apart the cement" in her brain.[80] In 2014, she told The Telegraph that she was no longer receiving the treatment.[81]

Fisher revealed in another interview that she used cocaine during the filming of The Empire Strikes Back. "Slowly, I realized I was doing a bit more drugs than other people and losing my choice in the matter," she noted.[82][83] In 1985, after months of sobriety, she accidentally overdosed on a combination of prescription medication and sleeping pills.[84] She was rushed to the hospital, creating the turn of events that led to much of the material in her novel and screenplay, Postcards from the Edge. Asked why she did not take on the role of her story's protagonist, named Suzanne, in the film version, Fisher remarked, "I've already played Suzanne."[85]

In 2016, Harvard College gave Fisher its Annual Outstanding Lifetime Achievement Award in Cultural Humanism, noting that "her forthright activism and outspokenness about addiction, mental illness, and agnosticism have advanced public discourse on these issues with creativity and empathy."[4]

In her later years, Fisher had a French Bulldog therapy animal named Gary. Fisher brought him to numerous appearances and interviews.[86] Gary was so popular that he even had his own Instagram and Twitter accounts, with over 90,000 and 57,000 followers, respectively.[87] Following her passing, reports indicated that Fisher's daughter would now take care of Gary.[88]

Death

Wikinews has related news:

On December 23, 2016, Fisher was on a United Airlines flight from London to Los Angeles (she had been promoting her new book) when she went into cardiac arrest fifteen minutes before the plane landed at Los Angeles International Airport.[89][a] A passenger seated near Fisher reported that she had stopped breathing.[92] Another passenger performed CPR on Fisher until paramedics arrived at the scene. After being taken by ambulance to Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, she was placed on a ventilator.[93]

Fisher died four days later on December 27 at 8:55 a.m. (PST) in Los Angeles at 60 years of age. Fisher's daughter, Billie Lourd, confirmed her mother's death in a statement given to the press shortly afterward by family spokesperson, Simon Halls.[94] Fisher was survived by her daughter, her mother Debbie Reynolds, her brother Todd Fisher and their half-sisters Joely Fisher and Tricia Leigh Fisher along with her beloved dog Gary.[95][96] News of Fisher's passing spread quickly online where fans from around the world responded with tributes and condolences. Many of her costars and directors from Star Wars and other works also shared their thoughts on Fisher's passing.[97]

In her book, Wishful Drinking, Fisher wrote about her eventual obituary: "I want it reported that I drowned in moonlight, strangled by my own bra." Several obituaries and retrospectives featured the quote.[98]

Filmography

Film

Year Title Role Notes
1975 Shampoo Lorna Karpf [89]
1977 Star Wars Princess Leia Organa [89]
1980 The Empire Strikes Back Princess Leia Organa [89]
1980 The Blues Brothers Mystery Woman [89]
1981 Under the Rainbow Annie Clark [33]
1983 Return of the Jedi Princess Leia Organa [99]
1984 Garbo Talks Lisa Rolfe [99]
1985 The Man with One Red Shoe Paula [89]
1986 Hannah and Her Sisters April [89]
1986 Hollywood Vice Squad Betty Melton [33]
1987 Amazon Women on the Moon Mary Brown Segment: "Reckless Youth"[33]
1987 The Time Guardian Petra [99]
1988 Appointment with Death Nadine Boynton [33]
1989 The 'Burbs Carol Peterson [33]
1989 Loverboy Monica Delancy [33]
1989 She's Back Beatrice [99]
1989 When Harry Met Sally... Marie [89]
1990 Sweet Revenge Linda [33]
1990 Sibling Rivalry Iris Turner-Hunter [99]
1991 Drop Dead Fred Janie [33]
1991 Soapdish Betsy Faye Sharon [33]
1991 Hook Woman kissing on bridge Uncredited[100]
1992 This Is My Life Claudia Curtis [33]
1997 Austin Powers: International Man of Mystery Therapist Uncredited[99]
2000 Scream 3 Bianca [33]
2000 Lisa Picard Is Famous Herself [101]
2001 Heartbreakers Ms. Surpin [99]
2001 Jay and Silent Bob Strike Back Nun [33]
2002 A Midsummer Night's Rave Mia's Mom
2003 Charlie's Angels: Full Throttle Mother Superior [99]
2003 Wonderland Sally Hansen [99]
2004 Stateside Mrs. Dubois
2005 Undiscovered Carrie
2007 Suffering Man's Charity Cameo role [102]
2007 Cougar Club Glady Goodbey [103]
2008 The Women Bailey Smith [99]
2009 Fanboys Doctor [99]
2009 White Lightnin' Cilla [99]
2009 Sorority Row Mrs. Crenshaw [99]
2010 Wishful Drinking Herself Documentary[104]
2014 Maps to the Stars Herself [105]
2015 Star Wars: The Force Awakens General Leia Organa [106]
2016 Bright Lights: Starring Carrie Fisher and Debbie Reynolds Herself Documentary
2017 Star Wars: Episode VIII General Leia Organa Post-production; posthumous release

Television

Year Title Role Notes
1969 Debbie Reynolds and the Sound of Children Girl Scout Television film[107]
1977 Come Back, Little Sheba Marie Television film
1978 Ringo Marquine Television film
1978 Leave Yesterday Behind Marnie Clarkson Television film[108]
1978 Saturday Night Live Herself (host) Episode: "Carrie Fisher/The Blues Brothers"[109]
1978 Star Wars Holiday Special Princess Leia Television special[110]
1982 Laverne & Shirley Cathy Episode: "The Playboy Show"[109]
1984 Faerie Tale Theatre Thumbelina Episode: "Thumbelina"[109]
1984 Frankenstein Elizabeth Television film[111]
1985 From Here to Maternity Veronica Television short[112]
1985 George Burns Comedy Week Mitzi Episode: "The Couch"; pilot for the series "Leo & Liz in Beverly Hills"[113]
1985 Happily Ever After Alice Conway (voice) Television film
1986 Liberty Emma Lazarus Television film[114]
1986 Sunday Drive Franny Jessup Television film
1987 Amazing Stories Laurie McNamara Episode: "Gershwin's Trunk"[115]
1989 Two Daddies Alice Conway (voice) Television film[116]
1989 Trying Times Enid Episode: "Hunger Chic"[113]
1995 Present Tense, Past Perfect Television short[117]
1995 Frasier Phyllis (voice) Episode: "She's the Boss"[118]
1995 Ellen Herself Episode: "The Movie Show"[109]
1997 Gun Nancy Episode: "The Hole"
1998 Dr. Katz, Professional Therapist Roz Katz (voice) Episode: "Thanksgiving"[119]
2000 Sex and the City Herself Episode: "Sex and Another City"[100]
2001 These Old Broads Hooker Television film; also writer and co-executive producer[109]
2002 A Nero Wolfe Mystery Ellen Tenzer Episode: "Motherhunt"
2003 Good Morning, Miami Judy Silver Episode: "A Kiss Before Lying"[120]
2004 Jack & Bobby Madison Skutcher Episode: "The First Lady"[121]
2005 Smallville Pauline Kahn Episode: "Thirst"[109]
2005 Romancing the Bride Edwina Television film
2005–2016 Family Guy Angela (voice) 20 episodes[100]
2007 Odd Job Jack Dr. Finch Episode: "The Beauty Beast"[109]
2007 Weeds Celia's attorney Episode: "The Brick Dance"[109]
2007 Side Order of Life Dr. Gilbert Episode: "Funeral for a Phone"[109]
2007 30 Rock Rosemary Howard Episode: "Rosemary's Baby"[100]
2008 Robot Chicken: Star Wars Episode II Princess Leia / Additional voices Television special[119]
2008 Bring Back ... Star Wars Herself Television documentary
2009 Celebrity Ghost Stories Herself [120]
2010 Wright vs. Wrong Joan Harrington Television film[120]
2010 Entourage Anna Fowler Episode: "Tequila and Coke"[122]
2012 Comedy Central Roast of Roseanne Herself (roaster) Comedy special
2012 It's Christmas, Carol! Eve Television film[109]
2014 The Big Bang Theory Herself Episode: "The Convention Conundrum"[109]
2014 Legit Angela McKinnon Episode: "Licked"[123]
2014–2016 Girlfriends' Guide to Divorce Cat 2 episodes
2015 Catastrophe Mia 4 episodes[99]

Video games

Year Title Voice role
1994 Super Star Wars: Return of the Jedi Princess Leia
2012 Dishonored Female Broadcaster[124]
2016 Lego Star Wars: The Force Awakens Princess Leia[124]

Bibliography

Novels

Non-fiction

Screenplays

Plays

  • Wishful Drinking, 2006[127]
  • Wishful Drinking, 2008[128]
  • A Spy in the House of Me, 2008[129]

Notes

  1. ^ Radio transmissions and emergency calls included the phrases "cardiac episode" and "cardiac arrest", yet witnesses believed they had seen Fisher having a heart attack.[90] Several news outlets including NBC News, New York Daily News and The Houston Chronicle then called the episode a "massive heart attack".[91]

References

  1. ^ "Carrie Fisher is a national treasure. There's no other valid opinion about her". December 31, 2015 – via The Guardian.
  2. ^ a b c d "More Than Leia: Carrie Fisher's Other Memorable Roles". NBC New York. Retrieved December 27, 2016.
  3. ^ "Carrie Fisher wasn't just a great actress, she was one of Hollywood's best script doctors". The Independent. December 27, 2016. Retrieved December 27, 2016.
  4. ^ a b "Carrie Fisher: Cultural Humanism Award". Harvard Box Office. Retrieved April 28, 2016.
  5. ^ "Carrie Fisher Biography (1956–)". FilmReference.com. Retrieved December 30, 2015.
  6. ^ Byrne, James Patrick. Coleman, Philip. King, Jason Francis. Ireland and the Americas: Culture, Politics, and History: A Multidisciplinary Encyclopedia. Volume 2. P. 804. ABC-CLIO, 2008. ISBN 978-1-85109-614-5.
  7. ^ a b de Vries, Hilary (April 24, 1994). "Q & A Hollywood Times Three Debbie Reynolds and Carrie Fisher discuss Hollywood families, not-so-fictional novels—and baby Billie's there to chaperone". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved March 7, 2010. I was raised Protestant but I'm half-Jewish—the wrong half.
  8. ^ Carrie Fisher's Wild Ride, Baltimore Jewish Times Archived February 3, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
  9. ^ 'Jewish Sinatra' tells all, Jewish News of Greater Phoenix, October 15, 1999
  10. ^ a b "Debbie Reynolds, Hollywood's Perennial Girl-Next-Door, Looks Back on a Life of Broken Promises : People.com". Retrieved May 15, 2016.
  11. ^ "Carrie Fisher Interview: The Secrecy Around Star Wars". Retrieved May 31, 2016.
  12. ^ "Beverly Hills High: Hollywood's Alma Mater". Retrieved May 31, 2016.
  13. ^ DavEvans066 (December 14, 2015). "Carrie Fisher, Mark Hamill & Harrison Ford On The Set Of Star Wars In 1977" – via YouTube.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  14. ^ "Carrie Fisher Interview".
  15. ^ "Carrie Fisher: The High School Drop Out Goes Back to College". The Evening Independent. May 29, 1978. Retrieved May 31, 2016.
  16. ^ a b c Wayne, George (October 31, 2006). "The Princess Diaries". Vanity Fair. Retrieved December 11, 2014.
  17. ^ Needles, Tim (June 22, 2010). "Carrie Fisher Dishes on Her Career, Her One-Woman Show Wishful Drinking, and More". Short and Sweet NYC. Retrieved January 20, 2012.
  18. ^ Respers France, Lisa (November 16, 2016). "Carrie Fisher writes of Harrison Ford affair". CNN. Retrieved November 17, 2016.
  19. ^ Leonard, Elizabeth (November 15, 2016). "Carrie Fisher Reveals She Had an Affair With Harrison Ford on Star Wars: 'It Was So Intense'". People. Retrieved November 17, 2016.
  20. ^ "The Official Ringo Starr Site". Ringostarr.com. Archived from the original on September 28, 2010. Retrieved March 7, 2010. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  21. ^ "Leave Yesterday Behind (1978)". www.bfi.org.uk. British Film Institute. Retrieved December 27, 2016.
  22. ^ "Come Back Little Sheba (1977)". www.bfi.org.uk. British Film Institute. Retrieved December 27, 2016.
  23. ^ "Harrison Ford, Carrie Fisher Reflect on the 'Embarrassment' That Was the 'Star Wars Holiday Special'". Retrieved December 27, 2016.
  24. ^ "More Than Princess Leia: Carrie Fisher's Other Memorable Roles". NBC Channel 4 Los Angeles. December 27, 2016. Retrieved December 27, 2016.
  25. ^ "13 things you didn't know about Carrie Fisher". cnn.com.
  26. ^ White, Timothy (July 24, 1980). "Slaves to the Empire: The Star Wars Kids Talk Back". Rolling Stone. Retrieved December 16, 2015.
  27. ^ "Carrie Fisher in 'Agnes'". The New York Times. December 16, 1982. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved December 27, 2016.
  28. ^ "Checklist: 10 Strange Star Wars Magazine Covers (Rolling Stone)". StarWars.com. November 26, 2007. Archived from the original on November 29, 2007. Retrieved October 26, 2015.
  29. ^ "July–August 1983 cover". Rolling Stone. Retrieved October 26, 2015.
  30. ^ Townsend, Allie (July 5, 2011). "Princess Leia's Gold Bikini in Return of the Jedi". Time. Retrieved August 15, 2013.
  31. ^ "The Blockbuster Script Factory". The New York Times. August 23, 1998.
  32. ^ "We've Lost Carrie Fisher, Who Passed Away at the Age of 60". Bloody Disgusting. December 27, 2016. Retrieved December 27, 2016.
  33. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Thomson, David (2010). The New Biographical Dictionary Of Film 5Th Ed. Hachette UK.
  34. ^ a b c d e Carrie Fisher Biography Yahoo Movies. Retrieved December 12, 2008. Archived August 18, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  35. ^ a b Interview with Josh Horowitz The Inner View – Carrie Fisher. MoviePoopShoot, February 27, 2004. Retrieved December 12, 2008.
  36. ^ "Women of Vision Awards | Women in Film and Video of Washington, DC". www.wifv.org. Retrieved December 27, 2016.
  37. ^ "Carrie Fisher, Star Wars actress, dies aged 60". BBC News Online. December 27, 2016. Retrieved December 27, 2016.
  38. ^ "Hollywood Moms". Publishers Weekly. May 5, 2001. Retrieved December 27, 2016.
  39. ^ Waxman, Sharon (November 15, 2006). "Comedic Postscripts From the Edge". The New York Times. Retrieved March 14, 2007.
  40. ^ "Berkeley Repertory Theatre". Berkeleyrep.org. April 12, 2008. Retrieved March 7, 2010.
  41. ^ Carrie Fisher Stars in Wishful Drinking at Hartford Stage Hartford Stage : Media. Retrieved December 12, 2008.
  42. ^ Wishful Drinking listing arenastage.org. Retrieved July 12, 2009.
  43. ^ Tench, Megan (October 5, 2008). "Boston Globe". Boston Globe. Retrieved March 7, 2010.
  44. ^ Wishful Drinking listing seattlerep.org
  45. ^ Brantley, Ben (October 5, 2009). "Just Me and My Celebrity Shadows". The New York Times. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  46. ^ BroadwayWorld Newsdesk (December 17, 2009). "Debbie Reynolds Joins Daughter Carrie Fisher On Stage in WISHFUL DRINKING". Broadwayworld.com. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  47. ^ Grammy (December 3, 2009). "52nd Grammy Awards Nominees". Grammy.com. Retrieved December 3, 2009.
  48. ^ "Carrie Fisher". Television Academy.
  49. ^ "'Deal or No Deal' gets 'Star Wars' theme". UPI. April 8, 2008. Retrieved December 27, 2016.
  50. ^ a b "Carrie Fisher to Team Up with HBO for Wishful Drinking Special; Appear on Entourage". TVGuide.com.
  51. ^ Braxton, Greg (August 5, 2012). "Roseanne Roast: Funny, crass and a 'crash' by ex Tom Arnold". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved December 28, 2016.
       Breznican, Anthony (August 13, 2012). "Outrage Alert: The meanest, most corrosive jokes from Comedy Central's 'Roast of Roseanne'". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved December 28, 2016.
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