User:Jeileee/sandbox
Critique an article
Hi,
The first source from FDA is from 2007, it would be best to get an updated version if available since many changes could occur during 10 years of period. The information of source 14, 15, 19, 21 seem to from blog posts and webpages that could be replaced by peer-reviewed articles. The link to source 51,52,53 does not work. Another section that could be added to this article is how gluten is detected. For example an overview of immunological and spectroscopic methods such as gas chromatography, mass spectrometer, ELISA, and commercially available ELISA kit.
Jei1 08:43, 7 April 2017 (UTC)
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In open Microfluidics, (open-surface microfluidics or open-surface microfluidics one of the boundaries of a channel is removed, so that the system is exposed to air. [1] One of the main advantages of open channels are ease of accessibility to the flowing liquid and large liquid-gas surface area. [1][2]Open channels allow the ability of intervening the system at any time, and this is useful to add or remove reagents.[1][2][3] In closed channels, air bubles formation could be in an issue, but in open channels this is no longer the case.[1] In open-channels, the main flow is driven by spontanous capillary flow.[1] Problem that could arise is evaporation, but that can be solved by maintaning the temperature.[4] Droplets can be stabilized by applying an electrical field.[5] Higher fluorescence sensititivy is detected.[5] When both the top and bottom of a device is removed we will have suspended microfluidics.[6]
Draft your article
In open Microfluidics, (open-surface microfluidics or open-surface microfluidics one of the boundaries of a channel is removed, so that the system is exposed to air. [1]One of the many advantages of open channels are ease of accessibility to the flowing liquid, large liquid-gas surface area, robustness, functionality, and ease of fabrication. [1]][3][6]Open channels allow the ability of intervening the system at any time, and this is useful to add or remove reagents and samples such as tissues and cells.[1][3]
CE[4]
In closed channels, air bubles formation could be in an issue, but in open channels this is no longer the case.[1] In open-channels, the main flow is driven by spontaneous capillary flow (SCF).[1] [7]
When both the ceiling and floor of a device are removed we will have suspended microfluidics.[6] The fluid flow is still driven by SCF.
Open microfluidics when implemented in the biololyg field can simulate the environemnt better because of no consraints.[7]
Microcanals[8]
moving droplets [5]
Draft 1
In open microfluidics, (open-surface microfluidics, open-space microfluidics), one of the boundaries of a system is removed, and the system is exposed to air.[1] One of the main advantages of open microfluidics is ease of accessibility and intervention to the flowing liquid in the system at any time, and this is helpful in adding or removing reagents. In addition, open systems allow a large liquid-gas surface area and use of optical observation possible.[1][2] Open system also elminates buble formation, an issue found in closed system.[1][2]
In closed channel microfluidic devices, the main flow in the channels is usually driven by passive pumping via pumps, external syringes or valves whereas in an open channel system, the flow is driven by spontaneous capillary flow (SCF).[1] The closed channel system will have an inlet port filled with the carrier fluid, and SCF occurs if the Laplace pressure in the inlet is negative.[1] Chemical wettability and surface modification control the flow of the liquid in the channel and allows the fluid to stay confined in the channel.[3] One of the problem that could occur in an open channel is overflow, and this can be controlled by surface wetting preferentiality where the carrier fluid for example prefers to wet the floor of the channel more than the side walls.[2] Another problem in open system is evaporation, but this can be controlled for example by covering the carrier fluid with a film of oil and maintaining the surrounding temperature.[4]
The free boundary in open microfluidics allows liquid-liquid and liquid-air interactions, where interfacial tensions occurs.[3] When two droplets of different sizes in the channel meet, they will fuse together forming one bigger droplet in the channel due to differences in Laplace pressure.[3] Therefore, the interfacial surface tensions in the open channel restricts the liquid to be of constant mean curvature to be stable in the open channel.[3] Droplet stability can be achieved by applying an electrical field.[5] On the other hand, certain drop shapes observed on closed channels allows for higher fluorescence sensitivity detection. 6
Other examples of open microfluidics are droplets formed by wires berthier (6)), channels with comb like rails (EWOD) (berthier 1) and suspended microfluidics. When both the ceiling and floor of a device are removed, we will have suspended microfluidics. diffusion, cell migration (Cassavant)…….
Like many microfluidics, open system microfluidics can be applied nanotechnology, biotechnology, fuel cells and space technology. [2] For cell-based studies, can access cells with micropipettes while they are in the channel and enables probing of single cells.[6] Open capillary gel electrophoresis microfluidics [9] Comb-like rails that forms microchambers where cells are stored and cell communication is studied (berthier). Water-in-oil water emulsification (1)
Notes
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Jean., Berthier, (2016-01-01). Open Microfluidics. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 1118720806. OCLC 941538295.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ a b c d e Li, C.; Boban, M.; Tuteja, A. (2017-04-11). "Open-channel, water-in-oil emulsification in paper-based microfluidic devices". Lab Chip. 17 (8): 1436–1441. doi:10.1039/c7lc00114b. ISSN 1473-0189.
- ^ a b c d e Pfohl, Thomas; Mugele, Frieder; Seemann, Ralf; Herminghaus, Stephan (2003-12-15). "Trends in Microfluidics with Complex Fluids". ChemPhysChem. 4 (12): 1291–1298. doi:10.1002/cphc.200300847. ISSN 1439-7641.
- ^ a b c Gutzweiler, Ludwig; Gleichmann, Tobias; Tanguy, Laurent; Koltay, Peter; Zengerle, Roland; Riegger, Lutz (2017-04-01). "Open microfluidic gel electrophoresis: Rapid and low cost separation and analysis of DNA at the nanoliter scale". ELECTROPHORESIS: n/a–n/a. doi:10.1002/elps.201700001. ISSN 1522-2683.
- ^ a b c d Wang, Weiqiang; Jones, Thomas B. (2015-05-05). "Moving droplets between closed and open microfluidic systems". Lab Chip. 15 (10): 2201–2212. doi:10.1039/c5lc00014a. ISSN 1473-0189.
- ^ a b c Casavant, Benjamin P.; Berthier, Erwin; Theberge, Ashleigh B.; Berthier, Jean; Montanez-Sauri, Sara I.; Bischel, Lauren L.; Brakke, Kenneth; Hedman, Curtis J.; Bushman, Wade (2013-06-18). "Suspended microfluidics". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 110 (25): 10111–10116. doi:10.1073/pnas.1302566110. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 3690848. PMID 23729815.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link) - ^ a b Kaigala, Govind V.; Lovchik, Robert D.; Delamarche, Emmanuel (2012-11-05). "Microfluidics in the "Open Space" for Performing Localized Chemistry on Biological Interfaces". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 51 (45): 11224–11240. doi:10.1002/anie.201201798. ISSN 1521-3773.
- ^ Hsu, Chia-Hsien; Chen, Chihchen; Folch, Albert (2004-10-07). ""Microcanals" for micropipette access to single cells in microfluidic environments". Lab Chip. 4 (5): 420–424. doi:10.1039/b404956j. ISSN 1473-0189.