Awaswas language
| Awaswas | |
|---|---|
| Santa Cruz | |
| Native to | United States |
| Region | California |
| Extinct | (date missing) |
| Latin | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | (included in cst) |
| Glottolog | sant1428 |
Awaswas, or Santa Cruz, is one of eight Ohlone languages. It was historically spoken by the Awaswas people, an indigenous people of California.
History
The Awaswas lived in the Santa Cruz Mountains and along the coast of present-day Santa Cruz County from present-day Davenport to Aptos. Awaswas became the main language spoken at the Mission Santa Cruz.[1] However, there is evidence that this grouping was more geographic than linguistic, and that the records of the "Santa Cruz Costanoan" language in fact represent several diverse dialects.
In 2012, Amah Mutsun Tribal Chairman Valentin Lopez stated that "his great-great-grandmother was the last of the Awaswas speakers."[2]
Vocabulary
Animals
- chuuku: dog
- tuppur: sardine
- yaran: seastar
- tootre: deer
- ores: bear
- ummuh: wolf
- siwwot: gopher
- sullan: seal
- wakkachmin: toad
Plants
- tawhana: nettle
- pattih: chia
- yuukan: madrone
- sirak: hazelnut
- tiiwis: flower
- porpor: poplar
- nissis: ivy
- rukchena: seaweed
- chissa: elder tree
Earth
- pire: earth
- wakkan: ice
- sii: water
- rumme: river
- traatrak: plain
- shottow: fire
- awwes: salt
See also
Notes
- ^ "Awaswas". Survey of California and Other Indian Languages. Retrieved 2012-07-28.
- ^ Donna Jones (2012-12-21). "Healing ceremonies recall California Mission heritage". Santa Cruz Sentinel. Retrieved 2012-12-23.
References
- Kroeber, Alfred L. 1925. Handbook of the Indians of California. Washington, D.C: Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin No. 78. (map of villages, page 465)
- Milliken, Randall. A Time of Little Choice: The Disintegration of Tribal Culture in the San Francisco Bay Area 1769-1910 Menlo Park, CA: Ballena Press Publication, 1995. ISBN 0-87919-132-5 (alk. paper)
- Teixeira, Lauren. The Costanoan/Ohlone Indians of the San Francisco and Monterey Bay Area, A Research Guide. Menlo Park, CA: Ballena Press Publication, 1997. ISBN 0-87919-141-4.
- Yamane, Linda, ed. 2002. A Gathering of Voices: The Native Peoples of the Central California Coast. Santa Cruz County History Journal, Number 5. Santa Cruz, CA: Museum of Art & History. ISBN 0-940283-11-5
External links
- "Awaswas". California Language Archive. Retrieved 2012-07-28.
- Harrington, John P. "Papers of John P. Harrington, Part 2, Northern and Central California". Open Language Archives Community. Retrieved 2012-07-28.
Italics indicate extinct languages | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Indigenous |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-Indigenous |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||
