Kabachnik–Fields reaction
In organophosphorus chemistry, the Kabachnik–Fields reaction is a three-component organic reaction forming α-aminomethylphophonates from an amine, a carbonyl compound, and a dialkyl phosphonate ((RO)2P(O)H).[1] Aminophosphonates are synthetic targets of some importance as phosphorus analogues of α-amino acids (a bioisostere). This multicomponent reaction was independently discovered by Martin Izrailevich Kabachnik[2] and Ellis K. Fields[3] in 1952. The reaction is very similar to the two-component Pudovik reaction, which involves condensation of the phosphite and a preformed imine.
The first step in this reaction is the formation of an imine followed by an addition of the phosphonate P-H bond across the C=N double bond.[4] A related reaction is the Mannich reaction.
The reaction is accelerated with a combination of dehydrating reagent and Lewis acid. The carbonyl component in the reaction is usually an aldehyde and sometimes a ketone.
References
- ^ "The Kabachnik-Fields reaction: mechanism and synthetic use". Molecules. 17: 12821–12835. 2012. doi:10.3390/molecules171112821.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|authors=ignored (help)CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ Kabachnik, Martin I.; T. Ya. Medved (1952). "Новый метод синтеза сс-аминофосфиновых кислот". Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR. 83: 689.
{{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|trans_title=(help) - ^ Fields, Ellis K. (1952). "The synthesis of esters of substituted amino phosphonic acids". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 74 (6): 1528–1531. doi:10.1021/ja01126a054.
- ^ Zefirov, Nikolay S.; Elena D. Matveeva (2008-01-18). "Catalytic Kabachnik-Fields reaction: New horizons for old reaction" (PDF). ARKIVOC. 2008 (i): 1–17. doi:10.3998/ark.5550190.0009.101. Retrieved 2009-12-08.