North China Transportation Company

North China Transportation Co., Ltd.
華北交通株式会社

File:Kahokukotsu-logo.png
A bus of the North China Transportation Company
Native name	華北交通株式会社
Romanized name	Kahoku Kōtsū Kabushiki Kaisha Huáběi Jiāotōng Zhūshì Huìshè
Company type	Kabushiki kaisha
Industry	Railway, Transportation
Founded	1938
Defunct	1945
Headquarters	Beijing , Provisional Republic of China
Area served	east-central China
Services	Railway transport, Bus transport
Total equity	50 million yen
Number of employees	110,000

The North China Transportation Company (華北交通株式会社, Japanese: Kahoku Kōtsū Kabushiki Kaisha, Chinese: Huáběi Jiāotōng Zhūshì Huìshè) was a transportation company in the territory of the collaborationist Provisional Government of the Republic of China during the Japanese occupation. A subsidiary of the South Manchuria Railway with its headquarters in Beijing, it was established in 1938 to manage railways and busses in the area of northern China occupied by Japan during the Sino-Japanese War. It was liquidated in 1945 following Japan's defeat in the Pacific War. It employed 110,000 people, of which 70% were Chinese.

Routes

• Boshan Line (博山線) Zhangdian-Boshan (張店～博山)
• Hongshan Line (黌山線) Zichuan-Hongshan (淄川～黌山)
• Jiaoji Trunk Line (膠済幹線) Qingdao-Jinan (青島～済南)
• Jingbao Trunk Line (京包幹線) Beijing-Baotou (北京～包頭)[1]
• Jinggu Trunk Line (京古幹線) Beijing-Gubeikou（北京～古北口)
• Jinghan Trunk Line (京漢幹線) Beijing-Hankou (北京～漢口)
• Jingshan Line (京山線) Beijing-Shanhaiguan (北京～山海関)
• Jinpu Trunk Line (津浦幹線) Tianjin-Xuzhou (天津～徐州)
• Longhai Trunk Line (隴海幹線) Lianyun-Kaifeng (連雲～開封)
• Shimen Trunk Line (石門幹線) Shimen-Dexian (石門～徳縣)
• Shitai Trunk Line (石太幹線) Shimen-Taiyuan (石門～太原)
• Tongpu Trunk Line (同蒲幹線) Datong-Puzhou (大同～蒲州)

Rolling Stock

A Ya1 class boxcar of the North China Transportation Company.

Locomotives of the North China Transportation Company used the same classification system used by the South Manchuria Railway between 1938 and 1945.

Locomotives

Class	Numbers	Original owner	Original class & numbers	Wheel arr.	Builder	Total in class	Year built	Image	Notes
マレイ Marei	15xx	Jingsui Railway	Class 20: 21−24	0-6-6-0	North British	4	1908
マレニ Mareni	15xx	Jingsui Railway	Class 70: 71−74	2-4-4-2	Baldwin	4	1911
マレサ Maresa	15xx	Jingsui Railway	Class 90: 91−97	2-8-8-2	ALCo	7	1914		Superheated.
マレシ Mareshi	15xx	Jingsui Railway	Class 200: 201−207	2-8-8-2	ALCo	7	1921		Largest steam locomotives exported from the United States.
ミカイ Mikai	1501−1520 1521−1769	MNR new for NCTC	ミカナ16718−16736, 16739 --	2-8-2	Kisha Seizō, Nippon Sharyō, Hitachi, Kawasaki, Sifang	270	1938 1939−1945		"New National Big Mika" (新國大ミカ). First 20 transferred from Manchukuo National Railway.
ミカコ Mikako	incl. 1572	Jichang Railway	?	2-8-2	Kawasaki	?	1923−1928		Transferred from Manchukuo National
ミカロ Mikaro	1501−1505 1506−1620	MNR new for NCTC	ミカロ640–644 --	2-8-2	Kisha Seizō, others	120	1938−1944		First five transferred from Manchukuo National in 1938. 72 of the 115 new for NCTC were built by Kisha Seizō in 1938-1939 and 1943-1944.
ミカナ Mikana (1)	15xx	Jingfeng Railway	201−221?	2-8-2	North British, Tangshan Arsenal	21+	1913−1924		Some also US-built as well.
ミカナ Mikana (2)	158x 15xx	Jinpu Railway Zhegan Ry	MK xxx ?	2-8-2	ALCo Baldwin	50 20	1918–1937
ミカナ Mikana (3)	15xx	Jingsui Railway	Class 300: 301−346	2-8-2	ALCo	46	1922
ミカハ Mikaha	15xx	new for NCTC	--	2-8-2	Škoda	?	1939
パシロ Pashiro	1501−1512 1533−1589	MNR new for NCTC	パシロ566–569, 571–578 --	2-8-2	Kawasaki, Nippon Sharyō, Hitachi Kawasaki	12 57	1937 1941–1944		Superheated express passenger locomotives. First 12 transferred from Manchukuo National.
パシサ Pashisa	1501–1520 1521–1550	new for NCTC	--	2-8-2	Hitachi Kisha Seizō	20 30	1938 1939−1940		"New National Small Pashi" (新國小パシ)
プレロ Purero	1501−1529~	?	?	2-6-2T	North British	>29	1896

Services

Observation car formerly used on the Tairiku Express, now preserved at the Beijing Railway Museum.

The North China Transportation Company ran a number of long-distance trains, both within China and in conjunction with the South Manchuria Railway and the Chosen Government Railway. Notable trains include the "Tairiku" ("Continental") and "Kōa" limited express trains between Beijing and Busan, Korea. The "Tairiku" entered service in 1938, making the trip from Busan to Beijing in 37.5 hours in 1940; the train was discontinued in 1944. The observation car used on this train is preserved at the Beijing Railway Museum. The "Kōa" was put into operation in 1939, making the same trip in 39.5 hours in 1940, but by 1945 the trip took 49 hours. The "Kōa" was discontinued after the Japanese defeat in the Pacific War.