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List of tallest buildings in Africa

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Lagos, Africa's largest city [1][2]
Johannesburg, city with a high number of skyscrapers
Cairo, Egypt
The skyline of Nairobi, Kenya
Abuja, FCT, Nigeria
Durban, South Africa
Port Louis, Mauritius
Cape Town, South Africa
Harare, Zimbabwe
Pretoria, South Africa
Yaoundé, Cameroon
Khartoum, Sudan
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
Windhoek, Namibia
Ilorin, Kwara, Nigeria
Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo

This article ranks skyscrapers on the African continent by height. Initially, only a small number of major financial and commercial centers boasted large skylines, such as Lagos, Johannesburg, Nairobi, Harare and Abidjan. However, since the 2000s, skyscrapers have been constructed in many other African cities, including Cairo, Maputo, Abuja, Kampala, Cape Town, Durban, Addis Ababa, Dar es Salaam, Luanda and Port Louis.

Since 1973, the tallest skyscraper in Africa has been Johannesburg's Carlton Centre, which stands 223 metres (732 ft) tall. However, several taller buildings are proposed.

Tallest buildings

This list ranks African buildings that stand at least 100 m (328 ft) tall, based on standard height measurements by CTBUH. This includes spires and architectural details, but does not include antenna masts and minarets. Buildings over 150 m (492 ft) tall are highlighted.

Building Pinnacle Height Floors Year Country City
Carlton Centre 223 m (732 ft) 50 1973  South Africa Johannesburg
Britam Tower[3][4] 200 m (660 ft) 31 2017  Kenya Nairobi
Ponte City Apartments 173 m (568 ft) 54 1975 South Africa South Africa Johannesburg
UAP Tower[5][6] 163 m (535 ft) 38 2016  Kenya Nairobi
NECOM House[7] 160 m (520 ft) 32 1979  Nigeria Lagos
PSPF Towers - Tower A[8][9] 153 m (502 ft) 35 2014  Tanzania Dar Es Salaam
PSPF Towers - Tower B[10][11] 153 m (502 ft) 35 2014 Tanzania Tanzania Dar Es Salaam
Marble Towers 152 m (499 ft) 32 1973 South Africa South Africa Johannesburg
Pearl Dawn[12] 152 m (499 ft) 31 2010 South Africa South Africa Durban
South African Reserve Bank Building[13] 150 m (490 ft) 38 1988 South Africa South Africa Pretoria
Metlife Centre[14] 150 m (490 ft) 28 1993 South Africa South Africa Cape Town
88 on Field[15] 147 m (482 ft) 26 1985 South Africa South Africa Durban
Ministry of Foreign Affairs Building[16] 143 m (469 ft) 39 1994  Egypt Cairo
El Gezira Tower Movenpick Hotel[17] 142 m (466 ft) 43 1996 Egypt Egypt Cairo
Grand Hyatt Cairo[18] 142 m (466 ft) 41 2002 Egypt Egypt Cairo
Nile City South Tower[19] 142 m (466 ft) 34 2003 Egypt Egypt Cairo
Nile City North Tower[20] 142 m (466 ft) 34 2002 Egypt Egypt Cairo
KwaDukuza eGoli Hotel Tower 1[21] 140 m (460 ft) 40 1970 South Africa South Africa Johannesburg
Times Tower[22] 140 m (460 ft) 33 2000 Kenya Kenya Nairobi
Michelangelo Towers[23] 140 m (460 ft) 34 2005 South Africa South Africa Johannesburg
Trust Bank Building[24] 140 m (460 ft) 34 1970 South Africa South Africa Johannesburg
El Maadi Residential Tower 13[25] 140 m (460 ft) 42 1985 Egypt Egypt Cairo
El Maadi Residential Tower 14[25] 140 m (460 ft) 42 1985 Egypt Egypt Cairo
El Maadi Residential Tower 15[25] 140 m (460 ft) 42 1985 Egypt Egypt Cairo
El Maadi Residential Tower 16[25] 140 m (460 ft) 42 1985 Egypt Egypt Cairo
El Maadi Residential Tower 17[citation needed] 140 m (460 ft) 42 1985 Egypt Egypt Cairo
El Maadi Residential Tower 18[citation needed] 140 m (460 ft) 42 1985 Egypt Egypt Cairo
Standard Bank Building[27] 139 m (456 ft) 34 1968 South Africa South Africa Johannesburg
Portside Tower 139 m (456 ft) 32 2014 South Africa South Africa Cape Town
Southern Life Centre[28] 138 m (453 ft) 30 1973 South Africa South Africa Johannesburg
San Stefano Grand Plaza 135 m (443 ft) 35 2006 Egypt Egypt Alexandria[29]
Tanzania Ports Authority HQ[30][31] 134 m (440 ft) 35 2016 Tanzania Tanzania Dar Es Salaam
Monte Blanc[32] 133 m (436 ft) 40 1985 South Africa South Africa Durban
ABSA Tower Pretoria[33] 132 m (433 ft) 38 1976 South Africa South Africa Pretoria
Old Mutual Centre[34] 130 m (430 ft) 33 1995 South Africa South Africa Durban
Tour CNPS[35] 130 m (430 ft) 32 1982 Cameroon Cameroon Yaoundé
Banco de Mocambique Tower 1[36] 130 m (430 ft) 31 2015 Mozambique Mozambique Maputo
Bank Misr Building[34] 130 m (430 ft) 29 1985 Egypt Egypt Cairo
NTC Tower[26] 130 m (430 ft) 29 2009 Sudan Sudan Khartoum
Millennium Tower[37] 129 m (423 ft) 30 2014 Tanzania Tanzania Dar es Salaam
209 Smit Street[38] 128 m (420 ft) 30 1976 South Africa South Africa Johannesburg
Four Seasons Hotel Cairo at Nile Plaza[39] 127 m (417 ft) 31 1999 Egypt Egypt Cairo
1 Thibault Square[40] 126.5 m (415 ft) 32 1972 South Africa South Africa Cape Town
L'e mac[41][42] 126 m (413 ft) 26 2016  Kenya Nairobi
Bank of Mauritius Tower[40] 124 m (407 ft) 26 2006  Mauritius Port Louis
Union Bank Building[43] 124 m (407 ft) 28 ?? Nigeria Nigeria Lagos
Kine Centre[44] 123 m (404 ft) 27 1974 South Africa South Africa Johannesburg
El Maadi Residential Tower 5[25] 122 m (400 ft) 35 1987 Egypt Egypt Cairo
El Maadi Residential Tower 6[25] 122 m (400 ft) 35 1987 Egypt Egypt Cairo
El Maadi Residential Tower 7[25] 122 m (400 ft) 35 1987 Egypt Egypt Cairo
El Maadi Residential Tower 8[25] 122 m (400 ft) 35 1987 Egypt Egypt Cairo
El Maadi Residential Tower 9[25] 122 m (400 ft) 35 1987 Egypt Egypt Cairo
El Maadi Residential Tower 10[25] 122 m (400 ft) 35 1987 Egypt Egypt Cairo
El Maadi Residential Tower 11[25] 122 m (400 ft) 35 1987 Egypt Egypt Cairo
El Maadi Residential Tower 12[25] 122 m (400 ft) 35 1987 Egypt Egypt Cairo
WTC Tower 2[45] 120 m (390 ft) 25 2016 Nigeria Nigeria Abuja
New Reserve Bank Tower[46] 120 m (390 ft) 28 1997  Zimbabwe Harare
Corinthia Bab Africa Hotel[47] 120 m (390 ft) 28 2003 Libya Libya Tripoli
Nessco Building[48] 120 m (390 ft) 26 2007 Libya Libya Tripoli
Al Fatah Tower[49] 120 m (390 ft) 25 2006 Libya Libya Tripoli
Embassy Building[50] 120 m (390 ft) 28 1991 South Africa South Africa Durban
Teleposta Towers[51] 120 m (390 ft) 27 2000 Kenya Kenya Nairobi
La Cité Administrative Tour D[52] 120 m (390 ft) 30 1984  Ivory Coast Abidjan
Atterbury House[53] 119 m (390 ft) 29 1976 South Africa South Africa Cape Town
Carlton Center Hotel[54] 119 m (390 ft) 30 1973 South Africa South Africa Johannesburg
Sky Center Office Tower[citation needed] 119 m (390 ft) 25 2014  Angola Luanda
Pearl Breeze[55] 118 m (387 ft) 25 2008 South Africa South Africa Durban
Holiday Inn Durban - Marine Parade[56] 118 m (387 ft) 28 1985 South Africa South Africa Durban
Holiday Inn Garden Court North Beach[57] 118 m (387 ft) 33 1978 South Africa South Africa Durban
Residences Roda Island[58] 118 m (387 ft) 39 ?? Egypt Egypt Cairo
Rita Tower[59] 117 m (384 ft) 30 2014 Tanzania Tanzania Dar es Salaam
ABSA Centre Cape Town[60] 117 m (384 ft) 33 1970 South Africa South Africa Cape Town
The Spinnaker[61] 117 m (384 ft) 27 2007 South Africa South Africa Durban
Casablanca Twin Center (Tour 1) 115 m (377 ft) 28 1999 Morocco Morocco Casablanca
Casablanca Twin Center (Tour 2) 115 m (377 ft) 28 1999 Morocco Morocco Casablanca
320 West Street[62] 111 m (364 ft) 30 1973 South Africa South Africa Durban
Bahia Center Tower A[63] 111 m (364 ft) 31 2009 Algeria Algeria Oran
Bahia Center Tower D[63] 111 m (364 ft) 31 2011 Algeria Algeria Oran
Bahia Center Tower C[63] 111 m (364 ft) 31 2012 Algeria Algeria Oran
Bahia Center Tower B[63] 111 m (364 ft) 31 2014 Algeria Algeria Oran
WTC Tower 1[64] 110 m (360 ft) 24 2016 Nigeria Nigeria Abuja
Poytons Centre[65] 110 m (360 ft) 30 1968 South Africa South Africa Pretoria
Mauritius Telecom Tower[65] 110 m (360 ft) 30 1990 Mauritius Mauritius Port Louis
Ramses Hilton & World Trade Center[66] 110 m (360 ft) 36 1980 Egypt Egypt Cairo
Hilton World Trade Center Residences I[67] 110 m (360 ft) 32 ?? Egypt Egypt Cairo
Schlesinger Building[68] 110 m (360 ft) 21 1965 South Africa South Africa Johannesburg
Golden Acre[69] 110 m (360 ft) 28 1979 South Africa South Africa Cape Town
Protea Hotel Landmark Lodge[70] 110 m (360 ft) 31 1976 South Africa South Africa Durban
The Parade[71] 110 m (360 ft) 30 1986 South Africa South Africa Durban
Loch Logan Park[72] 110 m (360 ft) 27 1986 South Africa South Africa Bloemfontein
Ministry of Communication Building[73] 109 m (358 ft) 30 N/A Nigeria Nigeria Lagos
Wegagen Bank Headquarters[74] 107 m (351 ft) 23 2017 Ethiopia Ethiopia Addis Ababa
Semiramis InterContinental Hotel[75][76] 107 m (351 ft) 29 1976 Egypt Egypt Cairo
Kianda Towers[77][78] 107 m (351 ft) 27 2014 Angola Angola Luanda
Nabemba Tower[79] 106 m (348 ft) 30 1986  Congo Brazzaville
InterContinental Lagos[80] 105 m (344 ft) 22 2013 Nigeria Nigeria Lagos
Tour Postel 2001[75] 105 m (344 ft) 26 1984 Ivory Coast Ivory Coast Abidjan
Ivoire InterContinental Abidjan Hotel Tower[75] 105 m (344 ft) 24 1969 Ivory Coast Ivory Coast Abidjan
Immeuble CAISTAB[81] 105 m (344 ft) 25 1984 Ivory Coast Ivory Coast Abidjan
Cocoa House[81] 105 m (344 ft) 26 1965 Nigeria Nigeria Ibadan
Southern Sun Cape Sun[82] 105 m (344 ft) 32 1983 South Africa South Africa Cape Town
Highpoint Hillbrow[83] 105 m (344 ft) 25 1972 South Africa South Africa Johannesburg
Kenyatta International Conference Centre[84] 105 m (344 ft) 33 1974 Kenya Kenya Nairobi
Intercontinental Luanda[85][86] 104 m (341 ft) 25 2014 Angola Angola Luanda
Intercontinental Hotel & Casino[87] 104 m (341 ft) 25 2011 Angola Angola Luanda
NSSF Building[88] 103 m (338 ft) 28 1973 Kenya Kenya Nairobi
Independence House[89] 103 m (338 ft) 23 1960 Nigeria Nigeria Lagos
Nani Tower[90] 103 m (338 ft) 22 2004 Ethiopia Ethiopia Addis Ababa
Four Seasons Cairo at First Residence[91] 103 m (338 ft) 30 ?? Egypt Egypt Cairo
RTNC Congo Building[92] 103 m (338 ft) 22 ?? Democratic Republic of the Congo Democratic Republic of the Congo Kinshasa
Immeuble CCIC[93] 103 m (338 ft) 22 ?? Democratic Republic of the Congo Democratic Republic of the Congo Kinshasa
Gecamines Commercial Building (SOZACOM)[93] 103 m (338 ft) 22 1977 Democratic Republic of the Congo Democratic Republic of the Congo Kinshasa
Uhuru Heights[94][95] 102.6 m (337 ft) 27 2012 Tanzania Tanzania Dar es Salaam
Saambou Building[96] 102 m (335 ft) 30 1961 South Africa South Africa Pretoria
2 Fevrier Sofitel Hotel[97] 102 m (335 ft) 36 1980 Togo Togo Lome
Belmont Building[98] 102 m (335 ft) 32 1954 Egypt Egypt Cairo
ESCOM Building[99] 102 m (335 ft) 24 2009 Angola Angola Luanda
CBN Lagos[100][101] 100 m (330 ft) 22 2013 Nigeria Nigeria Lagos
Old Mutual Namibia Tower[102] 100 m (330 ft) 21 2010 Namibia Namibia Windhoek
Huda Tower[103] 100 m (330 ft) 22 2004 Ethiopia Ethiopia Addis Ababa
I & M Bank Tower[104] 100 m (330 ft) 18 2001 Kenya Kenya Nairobi
Alexandria City Centre Tower I[105] 100 m (330 ft) 30 2003 Egypt Egypt Alexandria
Radio & Television Building[106] 100 m (330 ft) 30 1957 Egypt Egypt Cairo
El Gezira Sheraton Hotel[107] 100 m (330 ft) 30 1984 Egypt Egypt Cairo
Conrad International Cairo Hotel[108] 100 m (330 ft) 30 1999 Egypt Egypt Cairo
The Fairmont Cairo[109] 100 m (330 ft) 25 2007 Egypt Egypt Cairo
Deneys Reitz[110] 100 m (330 ft) 24 2010 South Africa South Africa Johannesburg
Hotel InterContinental Kinshasa Tower II[111] 100 m (330 ft) 20 ?? Democratic Republic of the Congo Democratic Republic of the Congo Kinshasa
La Cité Administrative Tour E[81] 100 m (330 ft) 24 1984 Ivory Coast Ivory Coast Abidjan
La Cité Administrative Tour C[81] 100 m (330 ft) 24 1984 Ivory Coast Ivory Coast Abidjan
Bank of Tanzania South Tower[112] 100 m (330 ft) 20 2006 Tanzania Tanzania Dar es Salaam
Bank of Tanzania North Tower[113] 100 m (330 ft) 20 2006 Tanzania Tanzania Dar es Salaam
NRZ Tower[114] 100 m (330 ft) 23 1985 Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Bulawayo
Immeuble Kébé[115] 100 m (330 ft) 21 1973 Senegal Senegal Dakar
Park Avenue[116] 100 m (330 ft) 24 1973 South Africa South Africa Pietermaritzburg
Sanport 140[117] 100 m (330 ft) 22 1976 South Africa South Africa Port Elizabeth
Edificio Kanhangulo[118] N/A 25 2013 Angola Angola Luanda
This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Timeline of tallest skyscrapers in Africa

Name City Years as tallest Metres Feet Floors Photo
Carlton Centre Johannesburg 1973–present 223 H 732 50
KwaDukuza eGoli Hotel Tower 1, Trust Bank Building Johannesburg 1970–1973 140 459 31
Standard Bank Building Johannesburg 1968–1970 138.8 455 34
Schlesinger Building Johannesburg 1965–1968 110 361 21
Cocoa House Ibadan 1965–1965 105 345 26
Belmont Building Cairo 1954–1965 102 335 32
Mutual Heights Building Cape Town 1940–1954 91 298 18
Chamber of Mines Building Johannesburg 1936–1940 80 262 18
Union Buildings Pretoria 1913–1936 60 196 10

Tallest under construction, approved or proposed

Luanda, Angola, is undergoing massive reconstruction due to the end of the Angolan Civil War.
Artist's impression of the Neotown development in Port Louis, Mauritius

Under construction

This list ranks buildings currently under construction in Africa that will stand at least 100 metres (328 ft) tall.

Name Height Floors Year Country City Notes
Pinnacle Tower 300 m (980 ft) 70 2020  Kenya Nairobi [119][120]
Pinnacle Tower II 201 m (659 ft) 45 2020  Kenya Nairobi [119]
Commercial Bank of Ethiopia Headquarters 198 m (650 ft) 48 2018  Ethiopia Addis Ababa [121][122]
The Leonardo 188 m (617 ft) 48 2020  South Africa Johannesburg [123][124]
Pearl Sky - 37 2017 South Africa South Africa Durban [125][126]
JW Marriott Hotel 167 m (548 ft) 42 2017 Morocco Morocco Casablanca [127][128]
Abuja World Trade Centre 158 m (518 ft) 37 2017  Nigeria Abuja [129][130]
IMOB Business Tower 145 m (476 ft) 35 2017 Angola Angola Luanda [131][132]
Mzizima Commercial Tower 134 m (440 ft) 35 2018  Tanzania Dar Es Salaam [133][134]
Prism Tower 133 m (436 ft) 34 2017 Kenya Kenya Nairobi [135][136]
Mzizima Residential Tower 126 m (413 ft) 33 2018  Tanzania Dar Es Salaam [137][138]
Parliament Tower 125 m (410 ft) 26 Kenya Kenya Nairobi
Kingdom Kampala Centre 123 m (404 ft) 34 2018 Uganda Uganda Kampala [139][140]
MNF Square Towers 2x 122 m (400 ft) 32 2019  Tanzania Dar Es Salaam [141]
Casablanca Finance City Tower 122 m (400 ft) 25 2017 Morocco Morocco Casablanca [142]
Résidence Oran Tower 112 m (367 ft) 29 2017 Algeria Algeria Oran
Odéon Oran Tower 106 m (348 ft) 28 2017 Algeria Algeria Oran
PwC Gauteng 106 m (348 ft) 26 2018 South Africa South Africa Midrand [143][144]
Alice Lane Offices ~100 m (330 ft) 30 2017 South Africa South Africa Johannesburg [143][144]

On-hold, approved or proposed

This section lists skyscrapers that are on-hold, approved or proposed in Africa, and are planned to rise over 100 m (328 ft) tall.

Name Height Floors Country
City Status Notes
Al Noor Tower 540 m (1,770 ft) 114  Morocco Casablanca Proposed [145]
Sand Tower 450 m (1,480 ft) 77 Morocco Morocco Merzouga Proposed [146]
Durban Iconic Tower 370 m (1,210 ft) 88 South Africa South Africa Durban Proposed [147]
Upperhill square 290 m (950 ft) 66 Kenya Kenya Nairobi Proposed [148]
NSSF Convention Centre and Hotel 280 m (920 ft) 62-70 Kenya Kenya Nairobi Proposed [citation needed]
Hope City 270 m (890 ft) 72 Ghana Ghana Accra Proposed [149]
The One Nairobi 270 m (890 ft) 70 Kenya Kenya Nairobi Proposed [150]
Stratosphere ~260 m (850 ft) 62  Nigeria Abuja Proposed [citation needed]
Othmane Benjelloun Bouregreg 200 m (660 ft) 65  Morocco Rabat Proposed [151]
Hazina Trade Centre 180 m (590 ft) 39  Kenya Nairobi On Hold [152][153]
Congo Towers - Tower A ~180 m (590 ft) 44  Democratic Republic of the Congo Kinshasa Proposed [citation needed]
AVIC International Africa 176 m (577 ft) 43 Kenya Kenya Nairobi Site Preparation [154]
Angola World Trade Center Tower A 170 m (560 ft) 42  Angola Luanda Proposed [155]
Kakakuona Tower 170 m (560 ft) 36  Tanzania Dar Es Salaam Proposed [156]
style="text-align:center;"
Kgoro - The Gateway A ~165 m (541 ft) 45 South Africa South Africa Johannesburg Proposed [157]
Kgoro - The Gateway B ~165 m (541 ft) 30 South Africa South Africa Johannesburg Proposed [157]
Dar es Salaam City Center Promise Tower 165 m (541 ft) 35  Tanzania Dar Es Salaam Proposed [158]
La Tour Casa Nearshore 160 m (520 ft) 44 Morocco Morocco Casablanca On Hold [159]
Angola World Trade Center Tower B 150 m (490 ft) 37 Angola Angola Luanda Proposed [155]
Mexico Square Tower ~150 m (490 ft) 35 Ethiopia Ethiopia Addis Ababa Proposed [citation needed]
zero2one 148 m (486 ft) 43 South Africa South Africa Cape Town Proposed [citation needed]
AVIC International (Hotel) 141 m (463 ft) 35 Kenya Kenya Nairobi Site Preparation [154]
Congo Towers - Tower B ~140 m (460 ft) 33 Democratic Republic of the Congo Democratic Republic of the Congo Kinshasa Proposed [citation needed]
Congo Office des Routes N/A 32 Democratic Republic of the Congo Democratic Republic of the Congo Kinshasa On Hold [160]
Tour Minam 1 140 m (460 ft) 33  Senegal Dakar Proposed [161]
Tour Minam 2 140 m (460 ft) 33 Senegal Senegal Dakar Proposed [161]
St. Regis Hotel Tower 136 m (446 ft) 31  Egypt Cairo On Hold [162][163]
PPF Headquarters 134 m (440 ft) 35  Tanzania Dar Es Salaam Planned [164]
Abyssinia Bank Tower ~120 m (390 ft) 34 Ethiopia Ethiopia Addis Ababa Proposed [citation needed]
Luanda Tower 110 m (360 ft) 23 Angola Angola Luanda Proposed [citation needed]
Euro Africa Tower 110 m (360 ft) 23 Angola Angola Luanda Proposed [165]
Edifício Rocha Monteiro 105 m (344 ft) 24 Angola Angola Luanda Approved [citation needed]
Kampala Tower ~222 m (728 ft) 60  Uganda Kampala Proposed [citation needed]
Movement House ~100 m (330 ft) 27 Uganda Uganda Kampala Proposed [citation needed]
Kingdom Kampala ~100 m (330 ft) 34 Uganda Uganda Kampala Proposed [citation needed]
Kampala Hilton Hotel ~100 m (330 ft) 26 Uganda Uganda Kampala Proposed [citation needed]
NSSF Towers ~100 m (330 ft) 25 Uganda Uganda Kampala Proposed [citation needed]
Mapeera House ~100 m (330 ft) 18 Uganda Uganda Kampala Proposed [citation needed]
Gare Centrale Twin Tower A 100 m (330 ft) 32 Democratic Republic of the Congo Democratic Republic of the Congo Kinshasa On Hold [166] Upon completion, this twin complex will be the tallest twin towers in central Africa.
Gare Centrale Twin Tower B 100 m (330 ft) 32 Democratic Republic of the Congo Democratic Republic of the Congo Kinshasa On Hold [167]
Tour ANP Casablanca 100 m (330 ft) 25 Morocco Morocco Casablanca Proposed [168]

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Skyscrapers in Africa.

References

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  68. ^ "Schlesinger Building, Johannesburg". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  69. ^ "Golden Acre, Cape Town". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  70. ^ "Protea Hotel Landmark Lodge, Durban". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  71. ^ "The Parade, Durban". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  72. ^ "Loch Logan Park, Bloemfontein". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  73. ^ "Ministry of Communications Building". Emporis. Retrieved 20 September 2015.
  74. ^ Asrat, Amare (30 September 2017). "Wegagen Bank inaugurates $34.5 mln built headquarters". Fana Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 14 October 2017. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  75. ^ a b c "Semiramis Inter-Continental Hotel, Cairo". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  76. ^ "بالصور.. هاوي جمع صور ومعلومات: فندق سميراميس بناه إيطالي وامتلكه سويسري.. ويضم مقتنيات تقدر بالملايين - بوابة الأهرام". Gate.ahram.org.eg. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  77. ^ "Kianda Towers, Luanda". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  78. ^ "Edificio Kilamba". CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
  79. ^ "Nabemba Tower, Brazzaville". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  80. ^ "Milan Intercontinental Hotel Tower - 105m Height in Lagos - NIGERIA". Mesigue. Retrieved 20 September 2015.
  81. ^ a b c d "Immeuble CAISTAB, Abidjan". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  82. ^ "Holiday Inn Cape Town, Cape Town". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  83. ^ "Highpoint Hillbrow, Johannesburg". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  84. ^ "Kenyatta Conference Center, Nairobi". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  85. ^ "IHG - Book Hotels Online - 4,600+ Hotels Across 100 Countries". Ichotels.com. 2012-09-19. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  86. ^ {{CTBUH Skyscraper Center}} template missing ID and not present in Wikidata.
  87. ^ "Intercontinental Hotel & Casino, Luanda". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  88. ^ "NSSF Building, Nairobi". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  89. ^ "Independence House, Lagos Island". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  90. ^ "Nani Tower, Addis Ababa". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  91. ^ "Four Seasons Cairo at First Residence, Cairo". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  92. ^ "RTNC Congo Building, Kinshasa". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  93. ^ a b "Immeuble CCIC, Kinshasa". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  94. ^ "Uhuru Heights, Dar es Salaam". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  95. ^ {{CTBUH Skyscraper Center}} template missing ID and not present in Wikidata.
  96. ^ "Saambou Building, 227 Thabo Sehume Street, Pretoria City Centre, Tshwane - ABLEWiki". Able.wiki.up.ac.za. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  97. ^ "2 Fevrier Sofitel Hotel, Lome". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  98. ^ "Belmont Building, Cairo". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  99. ^ "ESCOM Building - The Skyscraper Center". Buildingdb.ctbuh.org. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  100. ^ "Climbing without crane and flexible scaffolding procedure with system". Peri. Retrieved 6 May 2015.
  101. ^ "Successful construction". Peri. Retrieved 6 May 2015.
  102. ^ "Old Mutual Namibia Headquarters, Windhoek". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  103. ^ "Huda Tower, Addis Ababa". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  104. ^ "I & M Bank Tower, Nairobi". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  105. ^ "Alexandria City Centre Tower I, Alexandria". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  106. ^ "Radio & Television Building, Cairo". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  107. ^ "El Gezira Sheraton Hotel, Cairo". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  108. ^ "Conrad International Cairo Hotel, Cairo". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2015-10-19. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  109. ^ "The Fairmont Cairo, Cairo". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  110. ^ "Database". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  111. ^ "Hotel InterContinental Kinshasa Tower II, Kinshasa". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  112. ^ "Bank of Tanzania South Tower, Dar es Salaam". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  113. ^ "Bank of Tanzania North Tower, Dar es Salaam". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  114. ^ "NRZ Headquarters, Bulawayo". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2015-10-19. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  115. ^ "Immeuble Kébé, Dakar". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  116. ^ "Park Avenue, Pietermaritzburg". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  117. ^ "Sanport 140, Port Elizabeth". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  118. ^ "Edificio Kanhangulo, Luanda". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  119. ^ a b "Nairobi Tower". Meinhardt Group. Retrieved 2015-12-13.
  120. ^ "Construction Contractor Named for Africa's Tallest Tower". Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. 15 March 2017. Retrieved 16 March 2017.
  121. ^ "Chinese company to build tallest building in East Africa". Xinhua. 29 April 2015. Retrieved 14 October 2017. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  122. ^ Idam, Ogo (30 April 2015). "Ethiopia to House East Africa's Tallest Building". Ventures Africa. Retrieved 14 October 2017. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  123. ^ "APARTMENTS: SA's first R180m flat". Financial Mail. Retrieved 2015-11-18.
  124. ^ "News 2015". www.co-arc.com. Retrieved 2015-11-18.
  125. ^ "The Pearls - The Pearl of Umhlanga". thepearls.co.za. Retrieved 2015-11-18.
  126. ^ "Pearl Sky". CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
  127. ^ "Hôtels de luxe | CASABLANCA MARINA". Casablancamarina.ma. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  128. ^ "JW Marriott Hotel". CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
  129. ^ "Abuja World Trade Centre, Abuja". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  130. ^ "Abuja World Trade Centre". CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
  131. ^ "IMOB Business Tower, Luanda". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  132. ^ "IMOB Business Tower". CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
  133. ^ "Mzizima Office Tower". CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
  134. ^ Mzizima Commercial Tower at Emporis
  135. ^ "Prism Towers". CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
  136. ^ Prism Tower at Emporis
  137. ^ "Mzizima Residential Tower". CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
  138. ^ Mzizima Residential Tower at Emporis
  139. ^ "Kingdom Kampala Centre, Kampala". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  140. ^ Kingdom Kampala Hotel at Emporis
  141. ^ MNF Square at Emporis
  142. ^ "Morphosis Architects diseña nueva torre financiera en Casablanca". plataformaarquitectura.cl. Retrieved 2015-07-24.
  143. ^ a b "Office Park - Alice Lane Offices". Alice Lane Offices. Retrieved 2015-11-18.
  144. ^ a b "Sandton's R1.7bn Alice Lane Property - Property24.com". www.property24.com. Retrieved 2015-11-18.
  145. ^ "Al Noor Tower". Al Noor Tower. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  146. ^ "La ville tour des sables". MANAL RACHDI. Retrieved 2015-10-12.
  147. ^ "Durban hoping to build tallest tower in Africa". SkyriseCities. 15 March 2016. Retrieved 3 January 2017.
  148. ^ "Acorn Group Africa". Acorn Group Africa. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  149. ^ "Ghana's John Mahama launches Hope City project - BBC News". Bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  150. ^ "Dubai property investments opportunity. Dubai investments with - The First Group". Theonenairobi.com. 2011-12-04. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  151. ^ "http://www.bladi.net/tour-othman-benjelloun-rabat,44612.html". {{cite web}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); External link in |title= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
  152. ^ "Hazina Trade Centre". CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
  153. ^ Hazina Trade Centre at Emporis
  154. ^ a b https://web.archive.org/web/20150627123324/http://nema.go.ke/index.php?option=com_phocadownload&view=category&download=856%3Aesia1214-avic-international-africa-hq-in-westlands-report&id=179%3Aeia1210-1219-reports&Itemid=567. Archived from the original on June 27, 2015. Retrieved June 14, 2015. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  155. ^ a b "World Trade Centre Angola, Luanda". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2016-01-22. Retrieved 2015-10-19. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  156. ^ "Kakakuona Tower". CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
  157. ^ a b http://www.urbika.com/projects/view/2303-sandton-international. Retrieved November 17, 2015. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)[dead link‍]
  158. ^ "Dar es Salaam City Center Promise Tower". CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
  159. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2010-02-05. Retrieved 2011-01-26. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  160. ^ SkyscraperPage: Congo Office des Routes Archived 2014-02-22 at the Wayback Machine
  161. ^ a b "Tour Minam 1, Dakar | 231996". Emporis. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  162. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2014-02-22. Retrieved 2014-02-13. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  163. ^ http://www.pmw.de/pm_online/data/NileCorniche_ausPM4432GB.pdf
  164. ^ PPF Headquarters at Emporis
  165. ^ http://belascortinas.com/eAND/eandprojects2.htm. Retrieved February 4, 2011. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)[dead link‍]
  166. ^ "Gare Centrale Twin Tower B, Kinshasa". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  167. ^ "Gare Centrale Twin Tower A, Kinshasa". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  168. ^ "Tour ANP Casablanca - Archiscenes". Amush.org. 2015-03-23. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
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