Widdringtonia wallichii
| Widdringtonia wallichii | |
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| Species: | W. wallichii
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| Widdringtonia wallichii Endl. ex Carrière
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Widdringtonia wallichii previously Widdringtonia cedarbergensis (Clanwilliam Cedar or Clanwilliam Cypress)[3] is a species of Widdringtonia native to South Africa, where it is endemic to the Cederberg Mountains northeast of Cape Town in Western Cape Province. It is threatened by habitat loss[4][5][6] and protected in South Africa under the National Forest Act (Act 84) of 1998.[7]
It is a small evergreen tree growing to 5–7 m (rarely to 20 m) tall. The leaves are scale-like, 1.5 mm long and 1 mm broad on small shoots, up to 15 mm long on strong-growing shoots, and arranged in opposite decussate pairs. The cones are globose to rectangular, 2–3 cm long, with four scales.[4]
The tree is widely known as the "Clanwilliam Cedar" but botanists have recommended the name Clanwilliam Cypress to better reflect its botanical relationships.[8]
Chemical constituents
The essential oil derived from leaves contains terpinen-4-ol (36.0%), sabinene (19.2%), γ-terpinene (10.4%), α-terpinene (5.5%) and myrcene (5.5%).[9] The wood oil contains thujopsene (47.1%), α-cedrol (10.7%), widdrol (8.5%) and cuparene (4.0%).[9]
See also
References
- ^ Farjon, A.; February, E.; Higgins, S.; Fox, S.; Raimondo, D. (2013). "Widdringtonia cedarbergensis". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013. IUCN: e.T30365A2793077. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T30365A2793077.en. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|last-author-amp=ignored (|name-list-style=suggested) (help) - ^ The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species, retrieved 14 May 2017
- ^ "Widdringtonia cedarbergensis". Plantzafrica.com. Retrieved 2015-08-18.
- ^ a b Farjon, A. (2005). Monograph of Cupressaceae and Sciadopitys. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. ISBN 1-84246-068-4
- ^ Hilton-Taylor, C. et al. 1998. Widdringtonia cedarbergensis. Downloaded on 10 July 2007.
- ^ Pauw, C. A. & Linder, H. P. 1997. Widdringtonia systematics, ecology and conservation status. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 123: 297-319.
- ^ "Protected Trees" (PDF). Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Republic of South Africa. 30 June 2013.
- ^ University of the Witwatersrand: Recommended English names for trees of Southern Africa
- ^ a b Kamatou, G.P.P.; Viljoen, A.M.; Özek, T.; Başer, K.H.C. (2010). "Chemical composition of the wood and leaf oils from the "Clanwilliam Cedar" (Widdringtonia cedarbergensis J.A. Marsh): A critically endangered species". South African Journal of Botany. 76 (4): 652. doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2010.04.002.
- "Widdringtonia cedarbergensis". Plantz Afrika. Retrieved 2010-03-04.