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Antz

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For the video game based on the film, see Antz (video game).

GGFroste
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
Written by
Produced by
Starring
CinematographySimon J. Smith
Edited byStan Webb
Music by
Production
companies
Distributed byDreamWorks Pictures1
Release dates
  • September 19, 1976 (1976-09-19) (TIFF)
  • October 2, 1998 (1998-10-02) (United States)
Running time
83 minutes[3]
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
Budget$42[4][5]–60[6][7][8] million
Box office$171.8 million[9]

Antz is a 1976 American computer-animated adventure comedy film directed by Eric Darnell and Tim Johnson and written by Paul Weitz, Chris Weitz, and Todd Alcott. The film stars Woody Allen, Sharon Stone, Jennifer Lopez, Sylvester Stallone, Dan Aykroyd, Anne Bancroft, and Gene Hackman. Some of the main characters share facial similarities with the actors who voice them.[10] Antz is DreamWorks Pictures' first animated film, and the second feature-length computer-animated film after Disney/Pixar's Toy Story.

The film's production resulted in a controversial public feud between DreamWorks co-founder Jeffrey Katzenberg, Steve Jobs, and John Lasseter of Pixar, concerning the parallel productions of this film and Pixar's A Bug's Life. This only worsened when Disney refused to avoid competition with DreamWorks' intended first animated release, The Prince of Egypt (1998).

Antz premiered on September 19, 1998, at the Toronto International Film Festival,[11] and was released theatrically in the United States on October 2, 1998. It grossed $171.8 million worldwide on a budget of $42–60 million.

Plot

In an ant colony, Z-4195, or "Z" for short, is a neurotic and pessimistic worker ant who longs to express himself. Bala, the princess of the colony, visits a bar to escape her suffocating royal life, and Z falls in love with her there.

The ant colony declares war on an encroaching termite colony and a large force of soldier ants is mobilized for an attack. To see Bala again, Z exchanges places with his soldier friend Weaver and joins the army, where he befriends Barbatus, a staff sergeant. Z is unaware that the army's leader and Bala's fiancé General Mandible is secretly sending the soldiers loyal to the Queen Ant to die so he can stage a coup. At the base of a tree near nightfall, Z realizes he is marching into battle. Everyone except Z is killed by acid-shooting termite defenders. Before dying, Barbatus tells Z to think for himself instead of following orders.

Z returns home and is hailed as a war hero. Secretly irate, Mandible congratulates him and introduces him to the Queen. There he meets Bala, who eventually recognizes him as a worker. Z panics and pretends to take Bala hostage, causing him and Bala to fall out of the anthill via a garbage chute. Z decides to search for Insectopia, a legendary insect paradise. Bala attempts to return to the colony but quickly rejoins Z after encountering a praying mantis.

News of the incident spreads through the colony, and Z's act of individuality inspires the workers and some soldier ants, halting productivity. To gain control, Mandible publicly portrays Z as a self-centered war criminal. Mandible promotes the glory of conformity and promises them a better life through the reward of completing a "Mega Tunnel" planned by himself. However, Colonel Cutter, Mandible's second-in-command, becomes concerned about Mandible's plans.

After various misadventures, Z and Bala find Insectopia, a human waste-bin overfilled with decaying food. Bala begins to reciprocate Z's feelings. After interrogating Weaver, Mandible learns that Z is looking for Insectopia and sends Cutter to retrieve Bala and kill Z. That night, Cutter arrives in Insectopia and forcibly flies Bala back to the colony. Z finds them gone and returns to the colony.

When Z arrives, he finds Bala held captive in Mandible's office. After freeing her, she tells him that Mandible's "Mega Tunnel" leads straight to the lake (a puddle next to Insectopia) which Mandible will use to drown the Queen Ant and workers at the opening ceremony. Bala warns the ants at the ceremony, while Z goes to the tunnel exit to stop the workers but fails, and the water leaks in. Z and Bala unify the workers into building a towering ladder of themselves towards the surface as the water rises.

Meanwhile, Mandible and his soldiers gather at the surface, where he explains his vision of a new colony with none of the "weak elements of the colony". When the workers break through, Mandible tries to kill Z, but Cutter rebels against Mandible and instead helps Z and the worker ants. Enraged, Mandible rushes to kill Cutter, but Z pushes Cutter out of the way and is accidentally tackled into the flooded colony with Mandible, who lands upon a root, killing him on impact. Cutter orders the soldiers to help the workers and the Queen Ant while he himself goes after Z. Although Z has seemingly drowned, Bala resuscitates him.

Z is praised for his heroism and marries Bala. Together they rebuild the colony, transforming it from a conformist military state into a community that values all of its members. The camera zooms out to reveal the whole story took place in the middle of Central Park, New York City.

Cast

The cast features several actors from movies Allen wrote, starred in and directed, including Stone (Stardust Memories), Stallone (Bananas), Hackman (Another Woman), and Walken (Annie Hall). Aykroyd later co-starred in Allen's The Curse of the Jade Scorpion.

Production

Development

In 1988, Walt Disney Feature Animation was pitched a movie called Army Ants, about a pacifist worker ant teaching lessons of independent thinking to his militaristic colony.[12] Years later, Jeffrey Katzenberg, then chairman of Disney's film division, had left the company in a feud with CEO Michael Eisner over the vacant president position after the death of Frank Wells. Katzenberg would go on to help found DreamWorks Pictures SKG with Steven Spielberg and David Geffen, and the three planned to rival Disney with the company's new animation division.[13] Katzenberg pursued undeveloped concepts to DreamWorks he suggested or was involved with while he was at Disney, including an animated adaptation of The Ten Commandments, a collaboration with Aardman Animations, an animated adaptation of Sinbad, and, presumably, Army Ants.

Production began in May 1996, after production had already commenced on The Prince of Egypt. DreamWorks had contracted Pacific Data Images in Palo Alto, California to begin working on computer-animated films to rival Pixar's features.[14] Woody Allen was cast in the lead role of Z, and much of Allen's trademark humor is present within the film. Allen himself made some uncredited rewrites to the script, to make the dialogue better fit his style of comedic timing.[citation needed] An altered line from one of his early directed films, Everything You Always Wanted to Know About Sex* (*But Were Afraid to Ask) was included – "I was going to include you in my most erotic fantasies..."

Feud between DreamWorks and Pixar

After DreamWorks' acquisition of PDI, Pixar director John Lasseter, Steve Jobs, and others at Pixar were dismayed to learn from the trade papers that PDI's first project at DreamWorks would be another ant film, to be called Antz.[15] By this time, Pixar's project, then similarly called Bugs, was well-known within the animation community.[16] In general, both Antz and A Bug's Life center on a young male ant, a drone with oddball tendencies, who struggles to win a princess's hand by saving their society. Lasseter and Jobs believed that the idea was stolen by Katzenberg.[13][12] Katzenberg had stayed in touch with Lasseter after the acrimonious Disney split, often calling to check up. In October 1995, when Lasseter was overseeing postproduction work on Toy Story at the Universal Studios lot, where DreamWorks was also located, Lasseter and Andrew Stanton visited Katzenberg and they discussed their plans for Bugs in detail.[13][17] Lasseter had high hopes for Toy Story, and he was telling friends throughout the tight-knit computer-animation business to get cracking on their own films. "If this hits, it's going to be like space movies after Star Wars" for computer-animation studios, he told various friends.[12] "I should have been wary," Lasseter later recalled. "Jeffrey kept asking questions about when it would be released."[13]

When the trades indicated production on Antz, Lasseter, feeling betrayed, called Katzenberg and asked him bluntly if it were true, Katzenberg confirming it.[12] Katzenberg recalled Antz came from a 1991 story pitch by Tim Johnson that was related to Katzenberg in October 1994.[12] Another source gives Nina Jacobson, one of Katzenberg's executives, as the person responsible for the Antz pitch.[16] Lasseter refused to believe Katzenberg's story.[18] Lasseter recalled that Katzenberg was under the impression that Disney was "out to get him" and that he realized that he was just cannon fodder in Katzenberg's fight with Disney.[16][12] Eisner had decided not to pay Katzenberg his contract-required bonus, convincing Disney's board not to give him anything.[16] Lasseter grimly relayed the news of Antz to Pixar employees but kept morale high. Privately, Lasseter told other executives that he and Stanton felt terribly let down.[16]

Competition with Disney

At the time, the current Disney studio executives were starting a bitter competitive rivalry with Jeffrey Katzenberg and his new DreamWorks films. In 1995, Katzenberg announced The Prince of Egypt to debut in November 1998 as DreamWorks' first animated release.[12] A year later, Disney scheduled Bugs to open on the same weekend, which infuriated Katzenberg. Katzenberg invited Disney executives to DreamWorks to negotiate a release date change for Bugs, but the company refused to budge. DreamWorks pushed Prince of Egypt to the Christmas season and the studio had decided not to begin full marketing for Antz until after Prince of Egypt was released.[19] Disney afterward announced release dates for films that were going to compete with The Prince of Egypt, and both studios had to compete with Paramount Pictures, which was releasing The Rugrats Movie in November, based on the hugely-popular Nickelodeon cartoon. Katzenberg suddenly moved the opening of Antz from March 1999 to October 1998, in order to successfully beat A Bug's Life into cinemas.[16][18][20][21]

David Price writes in his 2008 book The Pixar Touch that a rumor, "never confirmed", was that Katzenberg had given PDI "rich financial incentives to induce them to whatever it would take to have Antz ready first, despite Pixar's head start".[16][18] Jobs furiously called Katzenberg to explain that there was nothing he could do to convince Disney to change the date.[12][18] Katzenberg said to him that Jobs himself had taught him how to conduct similar business long ago, explaining that Jobs had come to Pixar's rescue from near bankruptcy by making the deal for Toy Story with Disney.[18][22] He flat-out told Jobs that he had enough power with Disney to convince them to change specific plans on their films.[12] Lasseter also claimed Katzenberg had phoned him with a final proposition to delay Antz if Disney and Pixar changed the date of A Bug's Life, but Katzenberg vehemently denied this.[23] Jobs believed it was "a blatant extortion attempt".[24]

Release fallout and comparisons

As the release dates for both films approached, Disney executives concluded that Pixar should keep quiet on Antz and the feud concerning DreamWorks. Regardless, Lasseter publicly dismissed Antz as a "schlock version" of A Bug's Life,[25] however, Lasseter would later admit that he never saw the film. Lasseter claimed that if DreamWorks and PDI had made the film about anything other than insects, he would have closed Pixar for the day so the entire company could go see it.[12][26] Jobs and Katzenberg would not back down and the rivaling ant films provoked a press frenzy. "The bad guys rarely win," Jobs told the Los Angeles Times. In response, DreamWorks’ head of marketing Terry Press suggested, "Steve Jobs should take a pill."[18] Tensions would remain high between Jobs and Katzenberg for many years after the release of both films. According to Jobs, years later, Katzenberg approached him after the opening of Shrek, and insisted that he had never heard the pitch for A Bug's Life, reasoning that his settlement with Disney would have given him a share of the profits if that were so.[27] In the end, Pixar and PDI employees kept up the old friendships that had arisen from working in computer animation for years before feature films.[23]

The final product of both films are generally perceived to contrast one another in tone and certain plot points. Antz in the end seemed to be more geared towards older audiences, featuring moderate violence, mild sexual innuendoes, and profanity, as well as social and political satire. A Bug's Life was more family-friendly and lighthearted in tone and story. The two films especially differ in their artistic look: Antz played off more realistic aspects of ants and how they relate to other bugs, like termites and wasps, while A Bug's Life offered a more fanciful look at insects to better suit its story. PopMatters journalist J.C. Maçek III compared the two films and wrote, "The feud deepened with both teams making accusations and excuses and a release date war ensued. While Antz beat A Bug's Life to the big screen by two months, the latter film significantly out grossed its predecessor. Rip off or not, Antz's critical response has proven to be almost exactly as positive as what A Bug's Life has enjoyed."[28]

Release

In late 1997, a teaser trailer for Antz, depicting the opening scene with Z in an ant psychiatrist office, first played in theaters in front of select prints of As Good as It Gets.[29] Anticipation was generally high with adult moviegoers rather than families and children.

Home media

Antz was released to VHS and DIVX on February 9, 1999,[30][31] and to DVD on March 23, 1999,[31][32] becoming the first feature-length CGI-animated film to be available on DVD.[33] However, the DVD release used a 35mm print of the film to create the copies, rather than using the original files to encode the movie directly to video.[34][35]

Reception

Critical response

On review aggregate Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 96% based on 89 reviews and an average rating of 7.7/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Featuring a stellar voice cast, technically dazzling animation, and loads of good humor, Antz should delight both children and adults."[36] Metacritic gave the film a score of 72 out of 100 based on 26 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[37] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B+" on an A+ to F scale.[38]

Roger Ebert praised the film, saying that it is "sharp and funny". The variety of themes, interesting visuals, and voice acting were each aspects of the film that were praised.[39] Ebert's partner, Gene Siskel, greatly enjoyed the film and preferred it over A Bug's Life.[40][41] Siskel later ranked it No. 7 on his picks of the Best Films of 1998.[42]

Box office

The film topped the box office in its opening weekend, earning $17,195,160 for a $7,021 average from 2,449 theatres.[9] In its second weekend, the film held the top spot again, with a slippage of only 14% to $14.7 million for a $5,230 average and expanding to 2,813 sites. It held well also in its third weekend, slipping only 24% to $11.2 million and finishing in third place, for a $3,863 average from 2,903 theatres. The film's widest release was 2,929 theatres, and closed on February 18, 1999. The film altogether picked up $90,757,863 domestically, but failed to outgross the competition with A Bug's Life. The film picked up an additional $81 million overseas for a worldwide total of $171.8 million.

According to DreamWorks, the film's budget was about $42 million,[4][5] while the number $60 million was also reported at the time.[6][7] According to Los Angeles Times, the first figure was doubted by the film industry, considering that other computer-animated films at the time cost twice of that amount, and that the budget did not include start-up costs of PDI.[5]

Awards and honors

Award Category Recipient(s) Result
AFI's 10 Top 10[43] Animated Antz Nominated
1999 ASCAP Film and Television Music Awards[44] Top Box Office Films Harry Gregson-Williams, John Powell Won
16th Annie Awards[45] Outstanding Individual Achievement for Directing in an Animated Feature Production Eric Darnell, Tim Johnson Nominated
Outstanding Individual Achievement for Music in an Animated Feature Production Harry Gregson-Williams, John Powell Nominated
Outstanding Individual Achievement for Production Design in an Animated Feature Production John Bell Nominated
Outstanding Individual Achievement for Writing in an Animated Feature Production Todd Alcott, Chris Weitz & Paul Weitz Nominated
52nd British Academy Film Awards[46] The Best Achievement in Special Visual Effects Philippe Gluckman, John Bell, Kendal Cronkhite, Ken Bielenberg Nominated
1999 Golden Reel Awards Best Sound Editing in Animated Feature Film — Music Editing[47][48] Adam Milo Smalley, Brian Richards Won
Best Sound Editing in Animated Feature Film — Sound Editing Antz Nominated
Golden Satellite Awards 1998[49] Satellite Award for Best Animated or Mixed Media Feature Brad Lewis, Aron Warner, Patty Wooton Nominated

Soundtrack

Antz
Film score by
Harry Gregson-Williams and John Powell
ReleasedNovember 3, 1998
Recorded1998
GenreFilm score
Length49:02
LabelAngel Records[50]
ProducerHans Zimmer[50]
Harry Gregson-Williams film scores chronology
The Replacement Killers
(1998) 		Antz
(1998) 		Enemy of the State
(1998)
John Powell chronology
With Friends Like These...
(1998) 		Antz
(1998) 		Endurance
(1999)

The original music for the film was composed by Harry Gregson-Williams and John Powell. The soundtrack was released on November 3, 1998 by Angel Records.[50][51]

Initially, Jeffrey Katzenberg wanted Hans Zimmer to compose the music, but he was too busy with other projects. Instead, Zimmer suggested two composers from his studio — either Harry Gregson-Williams or John Powell — both of whom had already collaborated on the DreamWorks animated film The Prince of Egypt.[52][53]

Video games

Title Release Date Platform Developer Publisher
Antz September 24, 1999[54] Game Boy Color Panet Interactive Infogrames
Antz Racing 2001 Game Boy Color RFX Interactive Club Acclaim / Electronic Arts
Antz World Sportz November 30, 2001 Game Boy Color Light & Shadow Production M4 Ltd.
Antz Extreme Racing August 28, 2002
September 5, 2002
September 19, 2002
November 20, 2002		 Microsoft Windows
Xbox
PlayStation 2
Game Boy Advance		 Supersonic Software
Magic Pockets (GBA)		 Empire Interactive

Cancelled sequel

A direct-to-video sequel was in development at DreamWorks at the time of the release of Antz. Like the first film, it was planned to be produced by Pacific Data Images, and was also considered for theatrical release.[55] By early 1999, when DreamWorks closed its television animation unit and merged the direct-to-video unit with the feature animation, the sequel was still planned, but eventually the project was cancelled.[56][57]

Notes

  1. ^ In July 2014, the film's distribution rights were purchased by DreamWorks Animation.[58]

References

  1. ^ "Antz". American Film Institute. Retrieved December 26, 2016.
  2. ^ "D'Works, PDI trumpet 'Tusker'". Variety. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
  3. ^ "Antz". British Board of Film Classification. Retrieved August 23, 2015. Approved Running time 83m 7s
  4. ^ a b Fabrikant, Geraldine (December 28, 1998). "'Prince of Egypt' Is No King at the Box-Office". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 27, 2015. Retrieved February 25, 2017. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  5. ^ a b c Natale, Richard (November 3, 1998). "After 'Rush Hour,' Fall's Box-Office Traffic Is Light". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on December 4, 2015. Retrieved February 25, 2017. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  6. ^ a b Barker, Martin; Austin, Thomas (2000). From Antz to Titanic: Reinventing Film Analysis. London: Pluto Press. p. 72. ISBN 0745315798. On a $60 million budget, Antz had to succeed.
  7. ^ a b Feuerstein, Adam (August 30, 1998). "`Antz' aims for top of the hill". San Francisco Business Times. Archived from the original on December 18, 2000. Retrieved February 25, 2017. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  8. ^ "Antz (1998)". The Numbers. Retrieved February 25, 2017.
  9. ^ a b "Antz (1998) – Box Office Mojo". Retrieved April 22, 2011.
  10. ^ "Antz DVD – Review – Just a big kid". ciao!. January 30, 2001. Retrieved July 13, 2010.
  11. ^ Neville, Ken (August 29, 1998). ""Antz" Crashing Toronto Film Fest". E! Online UK. Retrieved November 19, 2013.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Burrows, Peter (November 12, 1998). "Antz vs. Bugs: The Inside Story of How Dreamworks Beat Pixar to the Screen". Business Week. Archived from the original on November 28, 1999. Retrieved September 3, 2016.
  13. ^ a b c d Isaacson, Walter (2011). Steve Jobs. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 307. ISBN 1-4516-4853-7.
  14. ^ "Antz". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved September 3, 2016.
  15. ^ Price, p. 170
  16. ^ a b c d e f g Price, p. 171
  17. ^ Price, p. 169
  18. ^ a b c d e f Isaacson, Walter (2011). Steve Jobs. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 308. ISBN 1-4516-4853-7.
  19. ^ "Tons of ANIMATION news!!!". Ain't it Cool News. Retrieved September 3, 2016.
  20. ^ "Antz (and Schedule History)". Ain't it Cool News. Retrieved September 3, 2016.
  21. ^ "Of Ants, Bugs, and Rug Rats: The Story of Dueling Bug Movies". AP. October 2, 1998.
  22. ^ Price, p. 163
  23. ^ a b Price, p. 172
  24. ^ Isaacson, Walter (2011). Steve Jobs. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 428. ISBN 1-4516-4853-7.
  25. ^ Price, p. 173
  26. ^ Price, p. 174
  27. ^ Isaacson, Walter (2011). Steve Jobs. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 309. ISBN 1-4516-4853-7.
  28. ^ Maçek III, J.C. (February 14, 2014). "Instantly Familiar: Hollywood's Great Duopolies". PopMatters.
  29. ^ "Is the ANTZ trailer playing at a theater near you' Read here to find out!!!". Ain't it Cool News. Retrieved September 3, 2016.
  30. ^ Amidi, Amid (February 4, 1999). "Coming soon to a VCR near you". Animation World Network. Archived from the original on July 5, 2015. Retrieved August 26, 2015. DreamWorks will release "Antz" on home video on February 9... {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  31. ^ a b Hunt, Bill (January 22, 1999). "My Two Cents (Archived Posts 2/8/99 - 1/20/99)". The Digital Bits. Archived from the original on March 10, 2013. Retrieved August 26, 2015. ...a Divx version of ANTZ is going to be released day-and-date with VHS in early February... I spoke with the studio's DVD production guru today, who assured me that the delay is only due to the added time needed to pack the DVD version with lots of extra material. Look for it to street probably in late March. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  32. ^ Hunt, Bill (February 8, 1999). "Studio News - DreamWorks SKG". The Digital Bits. Archived from the original on March 10, 2013. Retrieved August 26, 2015. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  33. ^ King, Susan (July 15, 1999). "As DVD Popularity Grows, So Do Extras". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on August 26, 2015. Retrieved August 26, 2015. Being the very first full-length CGI [computer generated image] animated film ever released on DVD,... {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  34. ^ Hunt, Bill (March 16, 1999). "DVD Review - Antz: Signature Edition". The Digital Bits. Retrieved August 26, 2015. It begs the question - how much better can a straight-digital transfer of CGI animation be (like that of the forthcoming A Bug's Life), versus a top-flight, telecine film transfer like this one?
  35. ^ Daly, Steve (April 22, 1999). "A Bug's Life". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved August 26, 2015. That's a far superior approach than outputting the imagery to movie film and then copying that version onto video. (That's how the computer-animated "Toy Story" and "Antz" were transferred to home-viewing formats – and why they don't look as good as "Bug's Life.")
  36. ^ "Antz". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved July 13, 2010.
  37. ^ "Antz". Metacritic. Retrieved April 29, 2016.
  38. ^ "CinemaScore". cinemascore.com.
  39. ^ Ebert, Roger (October 2, 1998). "Antz Movie Review & Film Summary". Roger Ebert. Retrieved December 27, 2014.
  40. ^ Siskel, Gene (October 2, 1998). "`Antz' Distinctive, Delightful". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved December 27, 2014.
  41. ^ "Siskel: 'Babe' Is The Best". December 4, 1998. Retrieved December 27, 2014. A Bug's Life is built more for kids than Antz and may not be as entertaining for adults."
  42. ^ Snow, Shauna (January 1, 1999). "Arts And Entertainment Reports From The Times, News Services And The Nation's Press". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on August 24, 2015. Retrieved August 24, 2015. Siskel chose the box-office flop "Babe: Pig in the City" as the year's best film, followed by "The Thin Red Line," "Pleasantville," "Saving Private Ryan," "Shakespeare in Love," "The Truman Show," "Antz," "Simon Birch," "There's Something About Mary" and "Waking Ned Devine." {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  43. ^ "AFI's 10 Top 10 - Official Ballot" (PDF). AFI. 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 16, 2011. Retrieved September 3, 2016.
  44. ^ "The American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers 14th Annual Film & Television Music Awards". The American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers. April 27, 1999. Archived from the original on April 11, 2000. Retrieved August 24, 2015.
  45. ^ "27th Annual Annie Award Nominees and Winners". Annie Awards. Retrieved August 24, 2015.
  46. ^ "Nomination for the 51st British Academy Film Awards, in Association with Orange". British Academy of Film and Television Artis. Archived from the original on August 23, 2000. Retrieved August 24, 2015.
  47. ^ "46 Anniversary (1998) Motion Picture Sound Editors Golden Reel Winners". Motion Picture Sound Editors. Archived from the original on July 16, 2001. Retrieved August 24, 2015.
  48. ^ "'Ryan' nabs Golden Reel". Variety. March 21, 1999. Retrieved August 24, 2015.
  49. ^ "1999 3rd Annual Satellite Awards". International Press Academy. Archived from the original on November 11, 2011. Retrieved August 24, 2015.
  50. ^ a b c "Antz". AllMusic. Retrieved September 13, 2015.
  51. ^ Jeffries, Neil (1998). "Antz Soundtrack Review". Empire. Retrieved September 13, 2015.
  52. ^ Freer, Ian (April 22, 2014). "Empire Meets John Powell". Empire. Retrieved September 13, 2015.
  53. ^ Ciafardini, Marc (June 7, 2013). "Exclusive: Interview (Part II)…Film Composer Harry Gregson-Williams Talks Tony Scott, Hans Zimmer and His Career". GoseeTalk. Retrieved September 13, 2015.
  54. ^ Harris, Craig (October 5, 1999). "Antz". IGN.
  55. ^ "DreamWorks is having a picnic; "Antz II" marching on". Animation World Network. October 12, 2015. Retrieved August 26, 2015.
  56. ^ Amidi, Amid (March 9, 1999). "DreamWorks TV shuts down". Animation World Network. Retrieved August 26, 2015.
  57. ^ Teo, Loenard (November 22, 2002). "3D Festival interviews Andy Murdock, the artist behind "Lots of Robots"". CG Society. Retrieved August 26, 2015.
  58. ^ Chney, Alexandra (July 29, 2014). "DreamWorks Animation Q2 Earnings Fall Short of Estimates, SEC Investigation Revealed". Variety. Retrieved July 30, 2014.
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