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"Also called 'chevrons' in the UK"

User:Durrantm seems determined to add to the article that the angle brackets in HTML tags can be called chevrons. I live in the UK and have never heard them called that in web development. ⟨Actual chevrons⟩, as the relevant article explains are completely different Unicode characters, which will not be recognised as <angle brackets> by any HTML processor or browser. It might be valid to mention that the angle-bracket characters spent the first few decades of their life in ASCII intended to be mathematical less-than and greater-than signs, before SGML and HTML re-used them. But they are not chevrons, not used as chevrons in HTML and there is no valid reason why we should let the reader be misled into thinking they are, or that anybody who knows what they're talking about says that they are. --Nigelj (talk) 13:59, 22 August 2010 (UTC)[reply]

Justsomethoughts2011 (talk) 06:13, 11 February 2011 (UTC)Justsomethoughts2011 Suggestion - I think this article will more accessible and valuable if it actually discusses why HTML had to be used in the first place. I think people do not understand the relationship between a "word" document and the text that appears on a site. Obviously different codes/programs were created to interpret the two types of texts - but what's the connection? Basically WHY is HTML specific to the world wide web?[reply]

I support user Durrantm`s chevron. The square bracket has a simmilar issue, and to say 'pointy brackets' isn`t very clever, because sharp edges may get confusing to users who work in automotive industry like myself with principles on haerodynamic edges and smooth shapes, especially in 3D design. Even wiki code do not use such brackets. Have | mentioned wiki has a list of symbols and neither it`s Unicode ? Paul188.25.109.59 (talk) 22:53, 16 March 2011 (UTC)[reply]
Oppose including that: it's a distraction from the main point and doesn't help give any information about the language. 68.173.113.106 (talk) 21:02, 9 June 2012 (UTC)[reply]

shortcut

| suggest a separate marker for RFC 2854 link outside wikipedia.com domain, maybe a page that inform leaving the wikipedia.com. Thank you 188.25.109.59 (talk) 22:40, 16 March 2011 (UTC) LE: Yes, | know there are different squared brackets, but the blue links has the look of a wiki article, and there is no template/flag to inform me details on the article | lend on.[reply]

code unity

| suggest the code 

""consisting of tags, enclosed in angle brackets ( like <html> and </html> ) within ""

instead of current 

""consisting of tags, enclosed in angle brackets (like <html> ), within ""

If someone argues the colour frame you may remove it. 188.25.109.59 (talk) 22:01, 16 March 2011 (UTC)[reply]

wiki code

While in "code uity" thread, | stumbled upon a major error 

 ""consisting of tags, enclosed in angle brackets (like <font style="color: red; border: 1px solid #f6a; background-color: #fff8f0;"><html> and </html> </font>) within ""

, because | cannot use the space lead for simple frame delimitation. 188.25.109.59 (talk) 22:01, 16 March 2011 (UTC)[reply]

Discrepancy about document HTML Tags

In the section "First specifications" there is the following statement about the number of elements described by the document HTML Tags

"The first publicly available description of HTML was a document called HTML Tags, first mentioned on the Internet by Berners-Lee in late 1991. It describes 20 elements comprising the initial, relatively simple design of HTML."

In the section "HTML draft version timeline" there is another statement about the number of HTML tags described by this document

"HTML Tags, an informal CERN document listing twelve HTML tags, was first mentioned in public."

20 elements versus twelve HTML tags: This is a discrepancy, isn't it? --Th.k.walter (talk) 19:59, 5 April 2011 (UTC)[reply]

Well, it seems simple: you count them and that's that. Right? Uh, are headings, -Hn- a tag or six? (-h1-, -h2-, ...) Ditto for -HPn-. And is basefont, discussed here to beome -base- in HTML 2 a tag? It's not given a tag here. And is -NEXTID- a tag? It says here that it's specific to tBL's NeXT computer, and not intended as a tag (though, for the moment, it was a a tag). Answering each of the four above with "it's one tag" gives a total of eighteen, which I've edited in as if it were "the" right number. I think it gives a good general picture of the early tag set. MartinRinehart (talk) 15:22, 5 March 2012 (UTC)[reply]

Quote from creator

I think that this quote should be added to this article.


“Making the Web was really simple because there was already this morass of things being developed on the Internet,” including protocols such as TCP/IP and other standards. “All I had to do on top of that to create the Web was to create a single global space, which some people said was rather arrogant…. HTTP was a new scheme for the Web… and the idea was that it would minimally constraining.”

Not opposed to the addition, but the last sentence ends "it would minimally constraining." Missing a word? The quote here matches the reference below.MartinRinehart (talk) 15:15, 5 March 2012 (UTC)[reply]

http://www.eioba.com/a/x4/tim-berners-lee-weaving-a-semantic-web#ixzz1KDRIwZ8S —Preceding unsigned comment added by 128.118.101.238 (talk) 02:47, 22 April 2011 (UTC)[reply]

Edit request on 12 April 2012

There's irrelevant information about an individual at the beginning of this article. Please remove:

"Osman Haji Mohamed 1920-July 28,1975 ... He died on July 28, 1975." as well as the references section below the table of contents.

Right below this, there is a broken infobox for the html file format.

Soufits (talk) 06:22, 12 April 2012 (UTC)[reply]

Vandalism fixed now.--Salix (talk): 07:11, 12 April 2012 (UTC)[reply]

Inline vs. block

Block vs. inline is one of the more important HTML concepts (albeit one that is renamed in HTML 5). This page probably should at least briefly define the terms. In fact, the pages does use the word "inline" in the technical sense twice, but without defining it. --Jeffreykegler (talk) 23:34, 10 October 2012 (UTC)[reply]

I think we used to have an article on this, and the three meanings of block vs. inline. I wrote it, actually pasted it from one of my corporate wikis. It was then deleted by someone who admitted they didn't understand HTML, but had found WP:NOTHOWTO as a policy to delete it. Andy Dingley (talk) 09:03, 11 October 2012 (UTC)[reply]

Balancing the tags

Is there a place for http://xkcd.com/1144/ perhaps under External links? --Redrose64 (talk) 10:56, 13 January 2013 (UTC)[reply]

XKCD, as with any webcomic, is not particularly useful to the reader. I would object to its placement in the article. The majority of Randall's articles are in-jokes, which do not serve to illuminate the topic any more than the article already does or should. With rare exception of course, usually not made in a joking manner; see e.g. his diagram on the gravity wells of the various planets. Which, even then, you need to understand the concept of gravity wells before understanding the image. --Izno (talk) 16:35, 13 January 2013 (UTC)[reply]

Remove reference to W3C as current maintainer of HTML

I removed the sentence in the introduction that listed the W3C as the active maintainer of HTML. It is not so.

The WHATWG is now the maintainer of HTML, and has been since the W3C adopted HTML5 instead of HTML4.x. Here is the reference: Hickson, Ian (19 January 2011). "HTML is the new HTML5". WHATWG. Retrieved 21 January 2011.

another reference: "HTML5 — Smile, it's a Snapshot!". W3C Blog. 2012-12-17. Retrieved 2013-01-14.

There is a much bigger problem that I need the community to fix!

This article is not NPV. It is biased throughout to support the notion that Tim Berhners-Lee "invented the internet"...this article credits Behrners-Lee with writing HTML but on the HTML wiki the Internet Engineering Task Force is shown to play the bigger role.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Engineering_Task_Force

The IETF made HTML with the help of many people, one of which was Tim Berhners-Lee.

To fix the NPV issue credit for hypertext should go back to Stanford Research and the Mother of all Demos in 1968. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mother_of_All_Demos. Credit for HTML should emphasize it's development from SGML.

Currently, the article has one sentence that is NPV...here:

"Berners-Lee considered HTML to be an application of SGML. It was formally defined as such by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)"

however the other parts of the article contradict this...these parts are not NPV and must be changed — Preceding unsigned comment added by 75.175.69.8 (talk) 05:03, 11 October 2013 (UTC)[reply]

The sentence that you removed wasn't about who maintains the HTML standard. It was about preferring CSS over explicit presentational HTML - that is, markup like <span style="color: red;">...</span> instead of <font color=red>...</font>. --Redrose64 (talk) 10:57, 11 October 2013 (UTC)[reply]

doni

ahay ml — Preceding unsigned comment added by 114.79.17.81 (talk) 15:53, 19 October 2013 (UTC)[reply]

Suggesting this here to address a conflict of interest situation: How about the article refers to an overview of all HTML elements? I suggest meiert.com/en/indices/html-elements/. It’s an index that I myself maintain (conflict of interest), but I also believe it’s the only one that is comprehensive in that it contains the HTML elements of all versions.--j9t (talk) 11:40, 18 February 2014 (UTC)[reply]

Other Html tags

Okay, so I saw some example of the basic tags and how to use them. So should we add other common tags such as lists (organized and unorganized)? TheQ Editor (talk) 21:44, 21 March 2014 (UTC)[reply]


O great Contributor - or sneaky advertiser?

While checking the contents of the HTML category I came across the "Ericom Software"-company indexed under E. But as far as I can see from their wiki page, Ericom is just another software company developing various remote desktop products (Citrix alternatives). One of their products is based on HTML5.

I could easily see how other enterprises (like Yeoman, Nokogiri, and members of the HTML Working Group) earned their mention - through open source, drafting and other contributions

However developing a commercial proprietary piece of software based on HTML5, like Ericom appears to be doing, seems a tad lesser contribution. It could easily be imagined that it is in fact HTML5 that is contributing to Ericom's profit margins. If that is the case then Wikipedia is probably not hurting the margins much by keeping their company name listed among significant contributors - on pages relevant to their products.

However, HTML being yet another area not of my expertise - I hope someone who knows more can check it out and make the right call. Tungstic (talk) 19:18, 30 March 2014 (UTC)[reply]

I propose at least to half-lock this article

Because of the continuing advertisement, spam and other violation I propose at least to half-lock this article. I don't know, what's the name for half-lock in english wiki, so I translated it exactly from the czech wiki. Aleskva (talk) 14:44, 24 April 2014 (UTC)[reply]

@Aleskva: It's called semi-protection. Please file a request at WP:RFPP. --Redrose64 (talk) 16:09, 24 April 2014 (UTC)[reply]
Thanks, filled successfully Aleskva (talk) 10:56, 1 May 2014 (UTC)[reply]

Merge discussion

The following discussion is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section. A summary of the conclusions reached follows.
The result of this discussion was to not merge Ljgua124 (talk) 09:15, 6 October 2014 (UTC)[reply]

Suggest merging HTML5 and Semantic HTML into this article because they both refer to the same topic. HTML5 is simply the newest version of the HTML definition as defined by W3C, just as HTML4,HTML3 (which shouldn't actually even exist because there is no such thing as HTML3), and HTML2 all redirects to HTML.. (because like HTML5, these are all versions of HTML)..

Similarly, Semantic HTML is simply a best-practice methodology for writing HTML and should be detailed in the main article, not in a separate article. David Condrey (talk) 20:45, 16 August 2014 (UTC)[reply]

With the present content of S_HTML, I think I can agree that it would fit nicely in this article. Which isn't to say that it couldn't or shouldn't be split out again; I don't think it would be difficult to find a large number of sources to keep it in its own article as there has been quite a lot written about pushing authors to use S_HTML.

However, the content of HTML 5 looks like it would best be kept separate given its present content and scope. --Izno (talk) 02:32, 17 August 2014 (UTC)[reply]

@David Condrey: It is incorrect to say "shouldn't actually even exist because there is no such thing as HTML3" - it does exist, but didn't get beyond the draft stage and was never approved as a formal standard. The stage that it had reached at the time that it was abandoned may be found at HTML 3.0 Draft (Exprired!) Materials. --Redrose64 (talk) 08:02, 17 August 2014 (UTC)[reply]
HTML5 isn't "simply" a new update. It includes many upgrades and There are thousands of websites divoted to the subject.VirusKA (talk) 02:08, 26 August 2014 (UTC)[reply]
Oppose Merge HTML5 and Semantic HTML are really big articles that covers a whole of of details. So merging would not be appropriate. Rather a section could be created that explains a brief bit of a HTML5 and the same for Semantic HTML. DSCrowned(Talk) 23:57, 1 September 2014 (UTC)[reply]
Oppose Merge The current size of HTML is 70.101 kB, and the size of HTML5 is 39.314 kB. The recommended article size is below 50 kB, and if the readable prose size is greater than 60 kB, then the article "probably should be divided (although the scope of a topic can sometimes justify the added reading time)". So this article is already too long. If HTML5 is merged into this article, the size will even go above 100 kB. Also it would be weird if HTML5 doesn't have its own article, but HTML5 Video, HTML5 Audio, and Canvas element have. Chmarkine (talk) 01:55, 8 September 2014 (UTC)[reply]
Oppose merge for same reasons as stated above. HTML5 is such a drastic change from the existing HTML standard, because the W3C wasted so much time and effort trying to develop Semantic Web standards before realizing that no one was paying attention because most of the Semantic Web standards are far too arcane to make a business case for them. --Coolcaesar (talk) 11:41, 9 September 2014 (UTC)[reply]
Oppose merge HTNL5 is a new philosophy, compared to HTML. HTML5 and HTML are not the same. Marquis4057 (talk) 12:22, 29 September 2014 (UTC)[reply]
Oppose Merge I also agree with the above contributors. HTML5 and HTML are more similar in name only, as HTML5 brings many new elements which would not be appropriate to include in the HTML article, such as the HTML5 Video, HTML5 Audio, and Canvas element elements mentioned above. Blaise170 (talk) 05:11, 2 October 2014 (UTC)[reply]
Oppose merge per above. HTML5 is completely different. John123521 (Talk-Contib.) RA 06:50, 3 October 2014 (UTC)[reply]
The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

Semi-protected edit request on 30 September 2014

106.219.131.167 (talk) 06:02, 30 September 2014 (UTC)[reply]

Not done: as you have not requested a change.
If you want to suggest a change, please request this in the form "Please replace XXX with YYY" or "Please add ZZZ between PPP and QQQ".
Please also cite reliable sources to back up your request, without which no information should be added to, or changed in, any article. - Arjayay (talk) 07:02, 30 September 2014 (UTC)[reply]

Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to one external link on HTML. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add {{cbignore}} after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add {{nobots|deny=InternetArchiveBot}} to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true to let others know.

checkY An editor has reviewed this edit and fixed any errors that were found.

  • If you have discovered URLs which were erroneously considered dead by the bot, you can report them with this tool.
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Cheers. —cyberbot IITalk to my owner:Online 07:02, 26 August 2015 (UTC) –  Paine Ellsworth  put'r there  12:28, 24 April 2017 (UTC)[reply]

Missing citation

There are no citations in the second body of text. Please add. --Madisynkeri (talk) 17:25, 3 October 2016 (UTC)[reply]

'HTML standards' versus 'the HTML standard'

I shall not revert your reversion as I have less than no interest in edit-warring, but I am curious what you think is misleading about the substance of my edit. From my perspective, at worst it clutters the lede slightly with qualifying language, but at best it eliminates the possible misconception in the reader that "HTML" is technically uniform. Perhaps we should ask Talk:HTML for their take? Arlo James Barnes 01:48, 15 January 2017 (UTC)[reply]

Should this be "HyperText Markup Language (HTML) is the standard markup language for creating web pages and web applications."
vs. "HyperText Markup Language (HTML) is any of several very similar standard markup languages for creating web pages and web applications." ~
The question is "what the first term means" and "what the alternatives to this are".
Obviously there are two possible sets of meanings: for one (as I see it as reading previously) see "HTML the standard markup language" as meaning "all the HTML versions" and "other than this" means PDF, Word documents, Flash etc. Another meaning (the second) would be that HTML means just one version of HTML (why? - they're all "HTML", from HTML 2 to HTML5), which is now followed by the text "is any of several very similar standard markup languages". I see this as a problem. What are these "very similar languages" which are not HTML, as they've just been distinguished as a contrast to HTML? That's misleading: it suggests something as if the web is also authored to a significant degree in non-HTML SGML or non-HTML XML. I think we would agree, "The web is written in HTML". We need to communicate that first.
Now before we get into versions of HTML, I think the key point, which needs to be stated, and stated before anything about HTML versions, is that HTML (any version) is ubiquitous on the web and its use dwarfs any other sort of markup. I see the changed wording as potentially too confusing Andy Dingley (talk) 19:45, 15 January 2017 (UTC)[reply]
  • It's singular. There is only one HTML standard (in various incremental versions), published by W3C. The WHATWG material is an applied interpretation of the W3C standard for browser implementation, and is not an independent or competing standard of its own.  — SMcCandlish ☺ ☏ ¢ ≽ʌⱷ҅ᴥⱷʌ≼  13:39, 16 January 2017 (UTC)[reply]

Capitalization of "Hypertext Markup Language"

According to all the available official references, including both the original IETF specification and the latest W3C recommendation, the capitalization for the full name of HTML is "Hypertext Markup Language", not "HyperText Markup Language", as given in the introduction. Could an established editor please review and fix? Thanks! — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2602:306:C445:38D9:953F:2C2C:9EF6:20C (talk) 09:54, 27 February 2017 (UTC)[reply]

Mention HTML being a Domain-Specific Language

I believe the current definition of the language lacks what type of programming language HTML actually is. I therefore think it would be useful to change the first sentence to HTML is a Domain Specific Language [1] that is the standard markup language[...]. This would benefit readers interested in how the programming language actually works and how it's designed, as HTML is a different type of language than, say, Python.

Later edit: This is my first time doing an edit request on wikipedia, I apologise for any mistakes

Later edit2: I misused the term programming in the sentence above, it should be replaced by computer language. Just to make everything clearer, I propose the change to be from Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is the standard markup language[...] to Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is a domain-specific markup language[...]Durolan (talk) 19:08, 11 April 2017 (UTC)[reply]


"what type of programming language HTML actually is"
Easy. It isn't. Andy Dingley (talk) 19:43, 11 April 2017 (UTC)[reply]

I might have rushed calling it a programming language seeing as they're referred to as Computer Languages[2] but that does not mean HTML is not a domain-specific language. It is specialised to a certain domain i.e. web pages. It talks about it in the first referenced wiki article I linked. Durolan (talk) 22:54, 11 April 2017 (UTC)[reply]

This is an article on HTML, not on DSLs. DSLs are not a common or well-understood term. In what way would the HTML article be improved by using such an obscure and poorly understood term?
Whether DSLs are programming languages, or need not be, is a matter of some debate. There are authorities who would claim either. However it is rare to see HTML described as one. Compare particularly to CSS, which often is considered as such.
If HTML is a DSL, then what is that domain? It's not "web pages", certainly. It might be true that the web runs on HTML, but HTML is of broader application than web pages alone: it's a much more generalised text markup language than that. Andy Dingley (talk) 23:46, 11 April 2017 (UTC)[reply]

I'm sorry but I honestly doubt you accessed the article I have sent on DSLs as it answers almost everything you asked. This is an article on HTML, not on DSLs - This is an article on HTML, a DSL. It is not at all a poorly understood or obscure term, if that is your opinion on it it's not my responsibility to explain to you why it's not. I already mentioned HTML is not a programming language and that computer language would've been a better term for it, so the fact that DSLs are programming languages was never even up for debate. As for your question If HTML is a DSL, then what is that domain? there's plenty of material available online that would answer this question better than I could. I would suggest starting exactly with the wiki article I quoted in my first link. If it's not a DSL or a GPL what is it then? a text processing language? Which category does that fall in? I sense hostility and little to no research done behind it, I was expecting a better experience / more maturity when discussing such topics with other users. Durolan (talk) 11:47, 12 April 2017 (UTC)[reply]

If you're going to slag off another editor as ignorant in an argument about the finer semantic points as to firstly whether HTML is a DSL or not, and more importantly whether this article would be improved by using DSL as a definition in the first sentence of the lead, then you might be better served if you first learned to use wikilinks, then to not call HTML a "programming language" or compare it to Python. Andy Dingley (talk) 12:02, 12 April 2017 (UTC)[reply]

Like I mentioned in my first edit, it is my first time editing a wiki article so I am not yet sure how everything works. Your answer literally was Easy. It isn't. which was supposed to help me how? I also used Python as a comparison exactly to show how different those two types of languages are, one being Domain Specific while the other being a general purpose language. Already mentioned 3 times that I was wrong calling it a programming language and that the better term for it is Computer Language. This to me seems like an argument to logic, you highlighting that I do not use wikilinks and that I call it a programming language does not make HTML less of a DSL. Durolan (talk) 12:09, 12 April 2017 (UTC)[reply]

  • Thank you, Durolan, for this edit request, and I can honestly say that you are not the first editor to enjoy the labor pains of making one's first edits to Wikipedia. After wading through the above, I find that the main question is how including the DSL description in the lead would improve this article. I myself would think that a link, such as "domain-specific language" wouldn't be so bad; however, Andy Dingley seems to have raised some legitimate concerns about this proposal. As for what the domain is, that is already shown in this article's lead as web pages and web applications. Since there has been a bit of resistance to your proposal, then I must ask you to seek a consensus for it before again using the {{edit semi-protected}} template, and this proposal is:
    Not done for now:  Paine Ellsworth  put'r there  10:39, 24 April 2017 (UTC)[reply]

References

  1. ^ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain-specific_language
  2. ^ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_language

Semi-protected edit request on 13 September 2017

86.124.148.195 (talk) 10:55, 13 September 2017 (UTC)[reply]
Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format. SparklingPessimist Scream at me! 11:15, 13 September 2017 (UTC)[reply]

Number of SGMLguid tags in HTML 4

The article says eleven, but I count fifteen, namely:

  1. TITLE (under HEAD in HTML, under TITLEP in SGMLguid)
  2. BODY
  3. H1 (level N heading - SGMLguid also had H0)
  4. H2
  5. H3
  6. H4
  7. H5
  8. H6
  9. P (paragraph)
  10. OL (ordered list)
  11. UL (unordered list)
  12. LI (list item, for OL and UL)
  13. DL (description list - SGMLguid and today's common parlance call them definition lists)
  14. DT (definition list term)
  15. DD (definition list definition)

Hairy Dude (talk) 23:18, 12 October 2017 (UTC)[reply]

Javascript, a "cornerstone technology?"

How can JavaScript be in "a triad of cornerstone technologies for the World Wide Web" when it must require a microsoft compliant computer?

I use OS/2 v4.5 eCS 2.2 with my FireFox 10.0.12, "Javascript" Can NOT be defeated, even though many sites tell me that I must enable javascript. Even trying to creat a new section, I am looking at 4 "Forbidden" Scripts.

Will this even be posted?

Ellayn OKosh (talk) 17:25, 14 October 2017 (UTC)Ellayn OKosh[reply]

There is no dependency of JavaScript on Microsoft, Windows, or the PC platform. Andy Dingley (talk) 17:44, 14 October 2017 (UTC)[reply]

Interesting. Then why the difficulty with Javascript on OS/2? It is a "PC platform." It is Intel based and only three (3) years old. I just clicked on the FFx [Check for Updates] button and nothing happened, so the browser must be up -to- date, even though its version number is not 40 or larger.

I am open to ideas. Getting a msft computer is off the table due to other causes...

Ellayn OKosh (talk) 18:09, 14 October 2017 (UTC)Ellayn OKosh[reply]

You're using an OS from 1996 (or thereabouts), which predates JavaScript. Firefox ought to run JavaScript from the very beginnings of Firefox, but then on OS/2 anything is possible. I suspect it is OS/2 that's the problem, but that's still far from claiming that nothing other than Microsoft is usable.
I would question (although it's non of my business) why you'd even want to use OS/2, and certainly why you'd want to or expect OS/2 to be a viable web platform. Andy Dingley (talk) 18:18, 14 October 2017 (UTC)[reply]

So, OS/2 existed in 1996? What does that have to do with interopeability? OS/2 v.4.5 may go back to 1996, but eCS 2.2 and the Presentation Manager is new enough.

OS/2, after v1.3, is NOT msft, and my experience would pot a ham sandwich.

Your question is fair. I do not swear like a drunken sailor's parrot when I work on my two OS/2 computers. Behavior.

Ellayn OKosh (talk) 16:24, 23 October 2017 (UTC)[reply]

Semi-protected edit request on 26 October 2017

Each HTML tag has several properties to which different types of values can be assigned to get effects but now it is not suggested and instead of that usage of CSS is advised. RajaUmesh (talk) 06:07, 26 October 2017 (UTC)[reply]

Not done: HTML elements are documented but Wikipedia is not a how-to and advising CSS v HTML is not going to happen. Eggishorn (talk) (contrib) 06:32, 26 October 2017 (UTC)[reply]

Call of Duty: Black Ops III is a first-person shooter video game, developed by Treyarch and published by Activision. It is the twelfth entry in the Call of Duty series and the sequel to the 2012 video game Call of Duty: Black Ops II. It was released on Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One on November 6, 2015. A feature-limited version developed by Beenox and Mercenary Technology that only supports multiplayer modes was released on PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 and was also the final Call of Duty title released on those platforms.

Black Ops III takes place in 2065, 40 years after the events of Black Ops II, in a world facing upheaval from climate change and new technologies. Similar to its predecessors, the story follows a group of black ops soldiers. The game's campaign is designed to support 4-player cooperative gameplay, allowing for bigger, more open level design and less corridor shooting. As the player character is cybernetically enhanced, players have access to various special activities. The game also features a standalone Zombies mode, and a "Nightmares" mode which replaces all enemies as zombies.

Announced on April 26, 2015, the game is the first Call of Duty video game released after Activision parted with Microsoft Studios and partnered with Sony Computer Entertainment, which secured the timed exclusivity of the game's downloadable content. Upon release, the game received generally positive reviews from critics, albeit slightly lower than the previous two games in the sub-series, with critics praising the gameplay, Zombies mode, and content. However, it was criticized for its story, absence of fan favorite story mode characters, and its lack of innovation. The seventh-generation console versions in particular were criticized for the lack of a campaign and numerous features, as well as it being online-only. It was a commercial success, with it becoming the top-selling retail game in the US in 2015, and one of the most successful titles released for the eighth generation of video game consoles.

Contents [hide] 1 Gameplay 1.1 Campaign 1.2 Multiplayer 1.3 Zombies 2 Plot 2.1 Single-player campaign 2.1.1 Setting and characters 2.1.2 Story 2.1.3 Nightmares 2.2 Zombies 2.2.1 Settings and characters 2.2.2 Story 3 Development 3.1 Music 4 Marketing 4.1 Reveal 4.2 Controversy 4.3 Pre-order 4.4 Comics tie-in 4.5 Special editions and downloadable content 5 Reception 5.1 Critical response 5.2 Sales 5.3 Awards 6 References 7 External links Gameplay Campaign The campaign in Black Ops III is designed to support 4-player cooperative gameplay, allowing for bigger, more open level design and less corridor shooting. In addition, the player can customize their character's appearance and clothing. The campaign features its own progression system, featuring unlock tokens which must be used to acquire different weapons and gears as they progress through the campaign.[2] The game features a "realistic" difficulty mode, in which players will get defeated if they are hit by one bullet.[3] Finishing all campaign missions will also unlock "Nightmares" mode, where players can replay the entire campaign with a new narrative, as well as zombies replacing most of the normal enemies.

Multiplayer The multiplayer introduces a new momentum-based movement system, which utilizes thruster packs to allow players to perform slow boosts into the air, as well as perform wall running and sliding, all the while giving players complete gun control.[4] In addition to the Pick 10 class system from Black Ops II, Treyarch implemented a character system called "Specialists", where players can pick from 9 different soldiers, each with either a special weapon or ability unique to them. In a later update, a tenth specialist named Blackjack was added to the game. Blackjack is able to mimic the abilities of other specialists, and is only playable for a short amount of time upon completing a set of challenges.[5][6] A new "Gunsmith" feature offers aesthetic variations in weapon attachments, allowing various weapon customization combinations.[7] The Paintshop feature allows players to create their own custom prints onto specific portions of a gun, further emphasizing the depth of customization in the game.[8]

Zombies Zombies features a new XP progression system, which allows players to unlock items in a similar fashion to multiplayer and campaign. Unlockable items include "Gobblegums", which grant players with temporary bonuses, and weapon kits that allow players to modify the appearance of the guns in each game. Shadows of Evil was revealed as a new map for the Zombies mode on July 9, 2015 at San Diego Comic-Con International 2015.[9] The map features four brand new characters: Nero the Magician, Jessica the Femme Fatale, Vincent the Cop and Campbell the Boxer as the main cast, and takes place in a new setting called Morg City.[10] "The Giant" includes the original characters, Tank Dempsey, Edward Richtofen, Nikolai Belinski and Takeo Masaki. These characters return from the Black Ops II map "Origins", in their alternate timeline versions. They reappear in the DLC maps "The Giant", "Der Eisendrache", "Zetsubou no Shima", "Gorod Krovi" and "Revelations". The zombies gamemode involves a story, which links with every DLC. On May 16, 2017 Treyarch released a fifth DLC including the remastered versions of Zombies maps from their previous Call of Duty games, called "Zombies Chronicles". These maps are "Nacht der Untoten", "Verrückt", "Shi No Numa", "Kino der Toten", "Ascension", "Shangri La", "Moon" and "Origins". These maps retain most of the original aesthetics updated with Black Ops III's graphics engine, while also add in the gameplay elements of Black Ops III, such as Gobblegums and Weapon Kits.[11]

Plot Single-player campaign Setting and characters Call of Duty: Black Ops III takes place in 2065, 40 years after the events of Black Ops II, in a world facing upheaval from a Third Cold War, climate change and new technologies. In response to the drone assaults caused by narco-terrorist Raul Menendez in 2025, several countries around the world have developed Directed Energy Air Defense systems that render conventional air forces virtually useless. As such, most of the warfare between countries is done by covert operatives fighting behind enemy lines. Military technology has progressed to the point where robotics play a major role in combat, and both fully robotic humanoid drones and cyborg supersoldiers have been developed to fight in the battlefield. There is speculation and fear about an eventual robotic takeover.

Like previous installments in the Black Ops series, the campaign follows a team of black ops soldiers,[12] the Winslow Accord. The player character (voiced by Ben Browder if male and Abby Brammell if female) and Jacob Hendricks (Sean Douglas) are members of the faction's wetwork team, while Commander John Taylor (Christopher Meloni) and his team Sebastian Diaz (Reynoldo Gallegos), Sarah Hall (Katee Sackhoff), and Peter Maretti (Ary Katz), comprise the faction's cybernetics division.[13][14] Rachel Kimsey voices CIA agent Rachel Kane, Robert Picardo voices the Coalescence Corporation CEO Sebastian Krueger, Tony Amendola voices the therapist Dr. Yousef Salim, and Lynn Chen voices the 54 Immortals criminal organization leader, Goh Xiulan. NFL running back Marshawn Lynch makes a cameo appearance in the game as a 54 Immortals mercenary.

Included in the game is the "Nightmares" campaign mode, which is a retelling of the main campaign with the plot changed to incorporate zombies and other supernatural beings. In this campaign, the lethal Virus 61-15 is released in various cities around the world, turning whoever it infects into zombies. In response, the governments of the world seal off the worst infected areas into Quarantine Zones and form the Deadkillers, cybernetic soldiers trained to exterminate zombies.

Story On October 27, 2065, the Winslow Accord initiate a successful mission in Ethiopia to rescue hostages from the tyrannical Nile River Coalition. However, the Player is critically wounded by a combat robot. Rescued by Taylor, the Player undergoes cybernetic surgery to save their life, being installed with a direct neural interface (DNI) and receiving virtual training from Taylor and his team during surgery. Hendricks also undergoes surgery.

After five years of wetwork, the Player and Hendricks are put under the command of Rachel Kane and tasked with investigating a CIA black site in Singapore that has gone quiet. They find the site attacked by the 54 Immortals and the site's data stolen. Kane concludes that Taylor and his team defected and murdered the staff. The Player and Hendricks investigate their last location, the Coalescence Corporation in Singapore (destroyed ten years prior in a mysterious explosion that killed 300,000 people), finding a secret CIA lab.

The pair find Diaz leaking CIA information and are forced to kill him. Interfacing with Diaz's DNI, Hendricks discovers Taylor is trying to find the survivors of the explosion: Sebastian Krueger and Dr. Yousef Salim. The leaked information allows the Immortals to capture Kane. The Player disobeys Kane's orders to leave and rescues her by killing Immortals' leader, Goh Xiulan. The trio then head to Egypt and find Salim, who reveals that he performed secret DNI experiments involving comforting humans via a calming exercise involving imagining a frozen forest.

Salim is then interrogated and executed by Taylor. The Player, Hendricks and Kane pursue Taylor with assistance from the Egyptian Army. After killing Hall, the Player connects to her DNI and encounters Corvus, a gestalt intelligence created during the experiments to monitor thoughts of DNI users which malfunctioned, causing the explosion. Infecting Taylor and his team, Corvus made them obsessed with finding the forest, with the Player and Hendricks also becoming infected after interfacing with Hall and Diaz.

After killing Maretti, the pair track down Taylor in Cairo. After wounding the Player, Taylor manages to resist Corvus and tear his DNI out, sparing the Player. However, Hendricks then succumbs to Corvus and kills Taylor before abandoning the Player, leaving for Zürich to find Krueger. The Player races to Zürich with Kane to stop him. Reaching Zürich's Coalescence Corporation, the pair find Corvus caused the explosion with the gas Nova 6. Kane attempts to contain it, but Corvus locks her in the compound room, leaking the gas to kill her in front of a helpless Player.

Continuing on, the Player finds Hendricks holding Krueger hostage. After Hendricks kills Krueger, the Player kills him in turn. The Player then tries to kill themselves to end Corvus' infection, but ends up in a simulated frozen forest, created by Corvus to retain the consciousness of dead DNI users. Taylor, still alive after becoming a glitch in the forest, reunites with the Player, stating that they must purge their DNI to end Corvus. With Taylor's help, the Player resists Corvus' last-ditch manipulation and purges their DNI, erasing the virus. Stumbling out of the Zurich headquarters, the Player identifies themselves to Zürich Security Forces as "Taylor".

Taylor's mission reports reveal that the Player actually died during their cybernetics surgery due to complications. The resulting events until Taylor's death occur in a simulation deviating from Taylor and Hendricks's experience of hunting down Dylan Stone and his team (Javier Ramirez, Alice Conrad, and Joseph Fierro), their teammates who defected after finding the CIA black site. The Player's consciousness is shown living in Taylor's mind throughout the simulation, indicating that the Player manages to take over Taylor's body after his simulated death until the DNI purge sees Corvus erased and Taylor regains control.

Nightmares The Player wakes up only to be told by Dr. Salim that they are dead, and that the Player must recount their memories. The Player tells Dr. Salim that they are a Deadkiller who was sent to investigate the disappearance of Taylor's Deadkiller team. However, upon investigating, the Player and Hendricks discover that Taylor's team has used their DNI connections to disable the Quarantine Zone defenses all over the world. Teaming up with Rachel Kane, the Player and Hendricks chase Taylor's team all from Singapore to Egypt, eventually being forced to kill the entire team. However, Hendricks is infected by the same virus that turned Taylor and his team mad, and heads for Zurich. The Player discovers that Dr. Salim is in fact Deimos, the demigod responsible for unleashing the undead plague on humanity. Deimos had entered the Player's mind when they interfaced with Hall, and attempts to manipulate them into opening a portal to his home dimension, Malus. The Player is then contacted by another demigod, Dolos, who is sympathetic to humanity and seeks to kill Deimos, her brother. Dolos transports both the Player and Deimos to Malus, where Deimos is vulnerable. Under Dolos' guidance, the Player kills Deimos, ending the undead plague on Earth, but trapping the Player in Malus. Dolos then explains to the Player that her true plans are to kill every other demigod and supernatural being that can challenge her, and the Player agrees to help her.

Zombies Settings and characters Like in previous games, the Zombies storyline in Call of Duty: Black Ops III is told in an episodic format, with one map, "Shadows of Evil", available at launch, and the rest to follow in the downloadable content season. "Shadows of Evil" focuses on a new group of characters: Nero Blackstone (Jeff Goldblum), Jessica Rose (Heather Graham), Jack Vincent (Neal McDonough) and Floyd Campbell (Ron Perlman), who reside in the fictional Morg City. Treyarch describes the new characters as "troubled individuals" with "a long and sordid history of past misdeeds". The four characters are thrown into a twisted version of the city, overrun by zombies, and are guided by a mysterious, unreliable figure called the Shadowman (Robert Picardo).[10]

"Shadows of Evil" acts as a prologue that leads into the core storyline, focusing on the Dimension 63 version of the original characters: "Tank" Dempsey (Steven Blum), Nikolai Belinski (Fred Tatasciore), Takeo Masaki (Tom Kane) and Edward Richtofen (Nolan North), who were introduced in the Black Ops II map "Origins", referred to collectively as Primis.[e] Their story continues from where "Origins" left off, as they attempt to prevent the events of the original timeline from ever occurring across the multiverse. Other characters include the leader of Group 935, Doctor Ludvig Maxis (also voiced by Tatasciore), and his daughter Samantha.[15] The downloadable content maps feature the original versions of Primis, referred to as Ultimis,[f] and reintroduce various minor characters mentioned/featured in previous games, including Group 935 scientist Doctor Groph (also voiced by Blum), the OSS spy Peter McCain, Dr. Maxis' assistant Sophia (Christa Lewis),[16] the Ascension Group scientist Gersh, as well as introduces the mysterious omnipotent being Doctor Monty (Malcolm McDowell). Robert Picardo also briefly reprises his role from Call of Duty: Black Ops as United States Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara.

Story

This article's plot summary may be too long or excessively detailed. Please help improve it by removing unnecessary details and making it more concise. (August 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Following the battle against the undead outbreak in Northern France of Dimension 63, Doctor Ludvig Maxis, whose brain resided in a mechanical drone at the time, arrived at Agartha and was given a new body by an omnipotent being named Doctor Monty. After helping to cleanse the soul of his daughter Samantha from the original timeline, Monty instructs Maxis to retrieve an artifact called the Kronorium, an ancient book containing the location of the Summoning Key, a powerful artifact that can fix their world back to its original state. Maxis then instructs his friend Doctor Edward Richtofen to retrieve the book. Throughout his journey, Richtofen also learns of the Keepers, an ancient race who act as the wards of all universes, which Monty is also a part of. Maxis instructs Richtofen to seek out specific versions of his three former allies: Corporal Tank Dempsey, Sergeant Nikolai Belinski, and Captain Takeo Masaki. Richtofen must also kill a specific version of himself to trigger the fracturing of the universe, and acquire the souls of the other three, using the Key once it is found. Richtofen travels to Dimension 63 and arrives in Morg City in 1944, where the Apothicons, former Keepers who were corrupted and mutated by the dark energy of the Aether, manipulated four individuals: Jessica Rose, a burlesque dancer; Jack Vincent, a corrupt cop; Floyd Campbell, an up-and-coming boxer; and Nero Blackstone, a washed-up magician. Misled into doing the biddings of an Apothicon named the Shadowman, the four opened a rift beneath the city using the Summoning Key, thereby freeing an ancient Apothicon beast. With the Keepers' aid, the four manage to trap the Shadowman inside the Key, and banish the beast from their dimension. Before they could retrieve the Summoning Key from the Keepers, however, Richtofen appears out of a portal and grabs the Key from them, thanking them for their effort and leaving through the portal, leaving the four and the rest of Dimension 63 to be doomed by the Apothicons.

The Dimension 63 versions of Dempsey, Nikolai, and Takeo, who have been tracking down Richtofen for two years, learn of his travels and pursue him through various dimensions. They arrive in the Der Riese facility in the original timeline, only moments after Ludvig and Samantha were teleported away by the original Richtofen. Dempsey, Nikolai, and Takeo attempt to convince him to awaken their other selves, but are interrupted by the Dimension 63 Richtofen, who appears out of the teleporter and kills his other self, triggering various timeline fractures. The four then band together to fend off the zombie horde once more, finding themselves affected by Element 115; the personalities and memories of their original incarnations begin to bleed into theirs. Eventually, the group activates a beacon within the facility, allowing Dr. Maxis to locate them from Agartha. In pursuit of the original Dempsey, the four then travel to Der Eisendrache, Group 935's fortress in Austria. As Dempsey is being sent to the Moon base, the four send his capsule crash-landing back onto the castle's courtyard. However, Group 935 member Doctor Groph activates a failsafe, preventing the group from tampering with the capsule. Richtofen uses the Summoning Key to override the defense system, sending a barrage of missiles at the Moon, destroying it along with Groph and all other Group 935 members operating on it. As the four retrieve the original Dempsey, Richtofen reveals his plan to prevent their original incarnations from wreaking havoc upon the universe. After bidding farewell, Dempsey shuts down the capsule's life support, allowing Richtofen to use the Key and absorb the soul of his other self.

Afterwards, the group attempts to teleport to a new fractured timeline to locate the original Takeo, who is held prisoner at a Pacific island by the Japanese research group Division 9. After a brief struggle with Division 9 forces, the four arrive on the island and discover that Division 9 has been experimenting on the animal and plant life using Element 115, resulting in various monstrous mutations. The four later travel down to a Division 9 bunker where they find the original Takeo mutated beyond recognition as well. After they manage to release him from the mutation, the young Takeo is shocked to learn that it was the Emperor who betrayed his original self and sent him to this island, out of petty jealousy. The young Takeo is finally resolved with himself, and allows his older self to commit seppuku. After using the Summoning Key to absorb the original Takeo's soul, Richtofen takes the crew to Alcatraz in Dimension 63, where they retrieve several blood vials, the purpose of which Richtofen refuses to explain at the time. The crew then teleports to another fractured timeline and lands in a war-torn Stalingrad in 1945. The Soviet Union has stolen Group 935's technology to create their own giant robots and mechanical soldiers, while Germany is aided by ancient dragons resurrected and bred by Division 9. As the crew traverses across the city, they are forced to help Sophia, Dr. Maxis' former assistant who has been transformed into a machine, to initiate the Ascension Protocol, allowing her to gain knowledge of interdimensional travel. Monty also introduces himself to the crew, as he informs them of the state of the multiverse. Amidst the chaos, the original Nikolai has taken control of a modified Manticore drone unit, and teams up with the group to destroy the alpha dragon. However, upon the dragon's death, Nikolai refuses to surrender, forcing the four to destroy his Manticore. After defeating him, the young Nikolai approaches his older self and reminds him of the loss they suffered and buried beneath their drinking habit. The original Nikolai attempts to shoot his younger self, causing young Nikolai to kill him in retaliation. With all souls collected, Richtofen calls out to Dr. Maxis to summon a portal, and release the souls into it. Afterwards, Monty contacts the four and promises to explain everything to them once they get to "The House".

"The House" is revealed to be part of a perfect world created by Monty to prevent all forces of evil from infecting it, ensuring the safety of the children: Samantha, Eddie (a child version of Richtofen, whose soul came from a different dimension), as well as child versions of Dempsey, Nikolai, and Takeo, who exist there as a result of Richtofen sending the souls into it. As Richtofen and the crew return to the House, he gives Maxis the Summoning Key, and then proceeds to destroy the teleporter, preventing access to other dimensions and locking off the House from the rest of the universe. However, later, Maxis would be manipulated by the voice of the Shadowman into setting him free upon contact with the Summoning Key. The Shadowman then uses his power to merge various other dimensions, including the Dark Aether, allowing the Apothicons to enter and wreak havoc. While traveling throughout a fractured world, revisiting various locations that they and their other selves have been to, Richtofen and the crew manage to uncover the truth behind Sophia's transformation, and help her enter the dimension. With her assistance, they retrieve the Summoning Key and the Kronorium, and confront the Shadowman, defeating him once and for all using the combined power of the two artifacts. Maxis, who still resides within the Key, then absorbs the souls of the children into the Key, and joins Sophia as they fly toward the Apothicon sun, banishing all Apothicon presences from Agartha. Richtofen and the crew are able to remain in the dimension without fading from existence, thanks to the blood vials they retrieved earlier, which makes them a paradox in Monty's perfect world. Richtofen suggests that Monty send them away to a place they have never been to, however Monty decides to just wipe them out of existence. The blood vials, however, allow the four to restart their cycle, sending their consciousness to ancient medieval times, where they would be remembered as "Primis", heroes who aided the Keepers in sealing away the Apothicons in the Great War, effectively "completing the cycle" of the universe.

Development Call of Duty: Black Ops III is the twelfth game in the Call of Duty franchise, and the fourth entry in the Black Ops series. The game was the second to benefit under publisher Activision's three-year development cycle, the first being Call of Duty: Advanced Warfare. The cycle allows each of the development teams of the Call of Duty series (Infinity Ward, Treyarch, and Sledgehammer Games) to develop games in a three-year timespan, as opposed to the two allowed previously. Black Ops III uses a heavily modified version of the IW engine used previously in Black Ops II.[17]

On June 9, 2015, versions for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 were confirmed to be under development by Beenox and Mercenary Technology. These versions lack some features available on other platforms, such as the game's campaign mode.[18][19] On June 15, 2015, it was announced that as part of a new exclusivity deal with Sony Computer Entertainment, all downloadable content for future Call of Duty games, beginning with Black Ops III, would be released first on PlayStation platforms as timed exclusives. This ends a similar exclusivity deal with Microsoft dating back to Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare.[20] — Preceding unsigned comment added by 198.51.230.70 (talk) 21:20, 13 December 2017 (UTC)[reply]

Semi-protected edit request on 26 June 2018

27.255.6.196 (talk) 02:02, 26 June 2018 (UTC)[reply]

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