Caroverine
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| Routes of administration | Oral |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.164.389 |
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| Formula | C22H27N3O2 |
| Molar mass | 365.47 g/mol g·mol−1 |
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Caroverine (Spasmium, Tinnitin, Tinnex) is a muscle-relaxing drug used in India and Austria to treat tinnitus.
Chemically, it is a quinoxalinedione and pharmacologically, it has been described as a nonspecific calcium channel blocker and as an antagonist of both non-NMDA and NMDA glutamate receptors.[1][2]
It was discovered in Austria in the 1950s[1] and was developed by Austrian company Phafag AG.[1]
Its INN name, caroverine, was proposed in 1972.[3]
An intravenous formulation was tested in a single-blinded study in tinnitus that published in 1997 and had positive results; an effort to replicate those results failed to show any effect,[2] and more people had their condition worsen than experienced benefit.[1]
In 2010 Phafag licensed rights to caroverine to the Indian company, Lincoln Pharmaceuticals, to develop the drug for tinnitus in India.[4]
As of 2018 it was marketed under the brand names Spasmium and Tinnitin in Austria, and under the brand Tinnex in India.[5]
References
- ^ a b c d Dobie, RA (August 1999). "A review of randomized clinical trials in tinnitus". The Laryngoscope. 109 (8): 1202–11. doi:10.1097/00005537-199908000-00004. PMID 10443820.
- ^ a b Langguth, B; Salvi, R; Elgoyhen, AB (December 2009). "Emerging pharmacotherapy of tinnitus". Expert opinion on emerging drugs. 14 (4): 687–702. doi:10.1517/14728210903206975. PMC 2832848. PMID 19712015.
- ^ "Proposed INNs List 28" (PDF). WHO Chronicle. 26 (9). 1972.
- ^ Reporter, B. S. (17 November 2010). "Press release: Lincoln Pharma ties up with Swiss Phafag for Tinnitin injections". Lincoln via Business Standard India.
- ^ "Caroverine International Brands". Drugs.com. Retrieved 14 July 2018.