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Jimmy Swaggart

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Jimmy Swaggart
Swaggart in 2009
Born
Jimmy Lee Swaggart

(1935-03-15) 15 March 1935 (age 89)
Ferriday, Louisiana, U.S.
Occupation(s)Evangelist, singer, author, pastor, pianist
Years active1955–present
TelevisionThe Jimmy Swaggart Telecast (1971–present)
Spouse
Frances Swaggart
​
(m. 1952)​
ChildrenDonnie Swaggart
Websitejsm.org

Jimmy Lee Swaggart (born March 15, 1935) is an American Pentecostal evangelist.

Swaggart's TV ministry, which began in 1971, has a viewing audience both in the U.S. and internationally. The weekly Jimmy Swaggart Telecast and A Study in the Word programs are broadcast throughout the U.S. and on 78 channels in 104 other countries, and over the Internet.[1] At its height in the 1980s, his telecast was transmitted to over 3,000 stations and cable systems each week.[2] He currently owns and operates the SonLife Broadcasting Network.

Sexual scandals with prostitutes in the late 1980s and early 1990s led the Assemblies of God to defrock him. As a result of the scandals, Swaggart temporarily stepped down as the head of Jimmy Swaggart Ministries.[3]

Early life

Jimmy Lee Swaggart was born on March 15, 1935, in Ferriday, Louisiana. By relation, he is the nephew of Arilla (née Swaggart) Wells (1916–2015), who was also the manager of Wells Grocery in Tunica, Louisiana. He is the cousin of rock'n'roll pioneer Jerry Lee Lewis and country music star Mickey Gilley.[4] He also had a sister, Jeanette Ensminger (1942–1999). With his parents, Swaggart attended a small, 25-member Assemblies of God church in Ferriday. In 1952, aged 17, Swaggart married 15-year-old Frances Anderson whom he met in church while he was playing music with his father. They have a son named Donnie. Swaggart worked several part-time odd jobs in order to support his young family and also began singing Southern Gospel music at various churches.

According to his autobiography, Swaggart, along with his wife and son, lived in poverty during the 1950s as he preached throughout rural Louisiana, struggling to survive on US$30 a week (Approximately $250 adjusted for inflation to 2016). Being too poor to own a home, the Swaggarts lived in church basements, pastors' homes, and small motels. Sun Records producer Sam Phillips wanted to start a gospel line of music for the label (undoubtedly to remain in competition with RCA Victor and Columbia, who also had gospel lines at the time) and wanted Swaggart for Sun as the label's first gospel artist. Swaggart's cousin Jerry Lee Lewis, who had previously signed with Sun, was reportedly making $20,000 per week at the time. Although the offer meant a promise for significant income for him and his family, Swaggart turned Phillips down, stating that he was called to preach the gospel.[5]

Ordination and early career

Preaching from a flatbed trailer donated to him, Swaggart began full-time evangelistic work in 1955. He began developing a revival-meeting following throughout the American South. In 1960, he began recording gospel music record albums and transmitting on Christian radio stations. In 1961, Swaggart was ordained by the Assemblies of God; a year later he began his radio ministry. In the late 1960s, Swaggart founded what was then a small church named the Family Worship Center in Baton Rouge, Louisiana; the church eventually became district-affiliated with the Assemblies of God.

In the late 1960s Swaggart began transmitting a weekly 30-minute telecast over various local television stations in Baton Rouge and also purchased a local AM radio station, WLUX (now WPFC). The station broadcast Christian feature stories, preaching and teaching from various fundamentalist and Pentecostal denominations and played black gospel, Southern gospel, and inspirational music. As Contemporary Christian music became more prevalent, the station avoided playing it. Swaggart sold many of his radio stations gradually throughout the 1980s and early 1990s. Jimmy Swaggart Ministries still operates several radio stations that operate under the name Sonlife Radio.

Shifting to television

By 1975, Swaggart's television ministry had expanded to more stations around the U.S., and he started using television as his primary preaching forum. In 1978 Swaggart's weekly telecast was expanded to an hour.

In 1980, Swaggart began a daily weekday telecast featuring Bible study and music, and the weekend, hour-long telecast included a service from either Family Worship Center (Swaggart's church) or an on-location crusade in a major city. In the early 1980s Swaggart's crusades expanded to major cities nationwide. By 1983, more than 250 television stations broadcast Swaggart's telecast.

Prostitution scandals

In 1988, Swaggart was implicated in a sex scandal involving a prostitute that resulted initially in his suspension, and ultimately defrocking, by the Assemblies of God. Three years later Swaggart was implicated in another scandal involving a prostitute. As a result, Swaggart's ministry became non-affiliated, non-denominational and significantly smaller than it was in the ministry's pre-scandal years.[3][6]

Background

Swaggart's exposure came as retaliation for an incident in 1986 when Swaggart exposed fellow Assemblies of God minister Marvin Gorman, who had been accused of having several affairs. Once exposed, Gorman was defrocked from the Assemblies of God, his ministry all but ended. As a retaliatory move, Gorman hired his son Randy and son-in-law Garland Bilbo to stake out the Travel Inn on Airline Highway in Baton Rouge. A camera with a telephoto lens was placed in the window of the motel's Room 12, and was draped with a black cloth. When Swaggart arrived, he reportedly went into Room 7. Randy Gorman and Garland Bilbo let the air out of the tires on Swaggart's vehicle. They called Marvin Gorman, whose church was located nearby. Randy Gorman and Garland Bilbo had taken photos of Swaggart outside Room 7 with Debra Murphree,[6][7] a local prostitute. Gorman arrived at the Travel Inn a short while later and asked Swaggart what he was doing there.[citation needed]

According to Swaggart: The Unauthorized Biography of an American Evangelist, by Ann Rowe Seaman, Gorman secured a promise from Swaggart that he would publicly apologize to Gorman and start the process of Gorman's reinstatement to the Assemblies of God. Gorman offered to remain silent if Swaggart would state publicly that he lied about Gorman's affairs. Gorman waited almost a year, then hand-delivered a note to Swaggart informing him his time was up; Swaggart did not respond. On February 16, 1988, Gorman contacted James Hamil, one of the 13-man Executive Presbytery of the Assemblies of God, who called Raymond Carlson, the Assemblies Superintendent. Carlson summoned Hamill and Gorman to fly to Assemblies of God headquarters in Springfield, Missouri and arranged for an emergency meeting of the presbyters. He was shown photos of several men coming in and going out of Room 7 at the Travel Inn Motel in New Orleans. This was done to establish the fact that the room was being used for prostitution. One of the men seen leaving Room 7 was Swaggart. The presbytery leadership of the Assemblies of God decided that Swaggart should be suspended from broadcasting his television program for three months.[citation needed]

According to the Associated Press, Murphree, who claimed to have posed nude for Swaggart, failed a polygraph test administered by a New York City Police Department polygraph expert.[8] The test administrator concluded that Murphree had failed to tell the truth on all key questions concerning her statement. The test was administered after Murphree offered to sell the story to the National Enquirer for $100,000. Paul Levy, senior editor for the Enquirer, stated that the polygraph examiner had concluded Murphree was not truthful on six key questions, including one in which she was reportedly asked if she had fabricated the story. Levy stated that the Enquirer decided not to print her story due to the test results, her drug use, and the fact that she had arrest warrants in three states. Murphree failed questions about whether she was paid or promised money to "set up" Swaggart, and whether she made up the story in order to make money from it.[9] Both times she answered no; according to the polygraph examiner, her answers were untrue.[citation needed]

Swaggart's confession and defrocking

On February 21, 1988, without giving any details regarding his transgressions, Swaggart gave his now-infamous "I have sinned" speech. He tearfully spoke to his family, congregation, TV audience, and finally said "I have sinned against You, my Lord, and I would ask that Your Precious Blood would wash and cleanse every stain until it is in the seas of God's forgetfulness, not to be remembered against me anymore."[10]

The Louisiana presbytery of the Assemblies of God initially suspended Swaggart from the ministry for three months. The national presbytery of the Assemblies of God soon extended the suspension to their standard two-year suspension for sexual immorality. His return to the pulpit coincided with the end of a three-month suspension originally ordered by the Assemblies. Believing that Swaggart was not genuinely repentant in submitting to their authority, the hierarchy of the Assemblies of God immediately defrocked him, removing his credentials and ministerial license.[citation needed]

Swaggart then became an independent non-denominational Pentecostal minister, establishing Jimmy Swaggart Ministries, based in the Family Worship Center in Baton Rouge, Louisiana and the Sonlife Broadcasting Network (SBN) can be seen in the United States, as well as many other countries across the world.[11]

1991 scandal

On October 11, 1991, Swaggart was found in the company of a prostitute for a second time. He was pulled over by a police officer in Indio, California, for driving on the wrong side of the road. With him in the vehicle was a woman named Rosemary Garcia. According to Garcia, Swaggart had stopped to proposition her on the side of the road. She later told reporters, "He asked me for sex. I mean, that's why he stopped me. That's what I do. I'm a prostitute."[12] This time, rather than confessing to his congregation, Swaggart told those at Family Worship Center, "The Lord told me it's flat none of your business."[13] Swaggart's son Donnie then announced to the stunned audience that his father would be temporarily stepping down as head of Jimmy Swaggart Ministries for "a time of healing and counseling."[12]

Ministries

Son Donnie Swaggart preaching in Florida, 2018

As of 2007 Jimmy Swaggart Ministries mainly comprised Family Worship Center, The Jimmy Swaggart Telecast,[14] radio and television programs called A Study in the Word, SonLife Radio Network,[15] a website, JSM.org; and a 24/7 cable and satellite television network, SonLife Broadcasting Network (SBN).

Swaggart's wife Frances hosts a television program, Frances and Friends, shown daily on SBN.[16] Swaggart also hosts a daily Bible study program on SBN, The Message of the Cross. His son Donnie preaches at Family Worship Center and also preaches in churches across America and abroad.[17] Donnie's son Gabriel is the ministry's youth pastor who leads Crossfire, Family Worship Center's youth ministry.[18] SBN also broadcasts all weekly services at Family Worship Center live, as well as their camp meetings.

Swaggart in 2011

Radio

Swaggart originated SonLife Radio on the noncommercial FM band. Unlike his previous stations, SonLife was commercial-free and did not sell time to outside ministries; the preaching and teaching were all produced in-house. The music played was primarily Southern Gospel. SonLife Radio can be received in 22 U.S. states and is streamed on the Internet.[19]

Television

In 1973, Swaggart proposed to television producers in Nashville, Tennessee a television program including a fairly large music segment, a short sermon, and time for talking about current ministry projects, after two faltering attempts to tape the half-hour program in Baton Rouge and New Orleans. They accepted, and within weeks the Jimmy Swaggart Telecast was being broadcast around the United States.

In 1981, Swaggart launched a daily television program titled A Study in the Word. From the beginning, the primary cable channels the program was aired on were CBN Cable (now Freeform), TBN, and the old PTL Network (now the Inspiration Network).

In 2010, Jimmy Swaggart Ministries launched a 24 hour-a-day television network entitled the Sonlife Broadcasting Network (SBN), on DirecTV channel 344, Dish Network channel 257, Glorystar channel 125, AT&T U-verse, Verizon Fios, and various cable TV providers and broadcast stations.[20]

SBN is available in the U.S. through Free To Air (FTA) satellite television.[21][22][23] It is also available in Australia and New Zealand.

SBN is also available 24 hours a day in the United Kingdom on SKY (Channel 593), Freesat (Channel 695) and Freeview (Channel 239)

Jimmy Swaggart Bible College

In fall 1984, Swaggart opened Jimmy Swaggart Bible College ("JSBC"). The college originally provided education and communication degrees. It flourished during the 1980s, reaching an enrollment of 1,450 students in the fall of 1987. JSBC enrollment dropped drastically in 1988 when students left as a result of Swaggart's scandal with Debra Murphree, followed by accreditation issues. Enrollment in 1987 was 1,451 students and dropped drastically in the fall of 1988 to about 400 students. In July 1988 the college dormitories were re-branded and listed as apartments.

In 1991, after Swaggart was found in the presence of a prostitute in California, JSBC was renamed to World Evangelism Bible College and enrollment dropped to 370 students. The college shut down programs in music, physical education, secretarial science, and communications that October and disbanded its basketball team.

Presently,[when?] JSBC offers intensive short term certificate programs, Associate of Arts degree programs, and a four-year Bachelor's degree program.

The College is not accredited and is not currently seeking accreditation [24]

Print

Swaggart has written about 20 Christian books offered through his ministry.[25] He is the author of the Expositor's Study Bible,[26] 13 study guides and 38 commentaries on the Bible. The ministry also publishes a monthly magazine, The Evangelist.

Family

Since October 10, 1952, Swaggart has been married to Frances Swaggart (née Anderson) (born August 9, 1937). They have one son, Donnie (born October 18, 1954), named after Jimmy Swaggart's brother who died in infancy. He has three grandchildren: Jennifer, Gabriel, and Matthew Swaggart and eight great-grandchildren: Samantha, Abby, Ryder, Lola, Harper, Harrison, Caroline, and Navy.[1]

Donnie and Gabriel have also become preachers in their own right, making three generations of the Swaggart family to have become involved in ministerial work.[27][28]

References

  1. ^ a b About Jimmy Swaggart Ministries jsm.com. Retrieved July 31, 2013.
  2. ^ "Jimmy Swaggart Ministries". Jsm.org. Retrieved March 15, 2012.
  3. ^ a b Djupe, Paul A.; Olson, Laura R. (2008). Encyclopedia of American religion and politics. Checkmark Books. p. 430. ISBN 978-0-8160-7555-3. Retrieved March 13, 2011.
  4. ^ Unconquered: The Saga of Cousins Jerry Lee Lewis, Jimmy Swaggart, and Mickey Gilley 488 pages Brown Books Publishing Group (May 1, 2012), English ISBN 978-1612540412
  5. ^ Jimmy Swaggart; Robert Paul Lamb (1984). To cross a river (3rd ed.). Baton Rouge, La.: Jimmy Swaggart Ministries. ISBN 978-0-88270-221-6.
  6. ^ a b Kaufman, Joanne (March 7, 1988). "The Fall of Jimmy Swaggart". People. Retrieved October 18, 2013.
  7. ^ Applebome, Peter (February 25, 1988). "Scandal Spurs Interest In Swaggart Finances". Retrieved May 27, 2014.
  8. ^ Associated Press. Ocala Star-Banner, February 27, 1988.[full citation needed]
  9. ^ Toronto Star, February 27, 1988.[full citation needed]
  10. ^ Swaggart, Jimmy. "Reverend Jimmy Swaggart: Apology Sermon". americanrhetoric.com. Retrieved January 25, 2007.
  11. ^ Dept., JSM Web. "Family Worship Center - Jimmy Swaggart Ministries - Baton Rouge". Retrieved 15 April 2017.
  12. ^ a b "Swaggart Plans to Step Down". The New York Times. October 15, 1991. Retrieved January 25, 2007.
  13. ^ "Scandals: No Apologies This Time". Time. October 28, 1991
  14. ^ "Jimmy Swaggart Ministries – TV Programming". Archived from the original on January 23, 2007. Retrieved January 28, 2007. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  15. ^ "Jimmy Swaggart Ministries – SonLife Radio". Archived from the original on February 2, 2007. Retrieved February 22, 2007. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  16. ^ "Frances and Friends".
  17. ^ "Donnie Swaggart".
  18. ^ "CrossFire".
  19. ^ "SonLife station list". Archived from the original on 2012-05-02. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  20. ^ "Sonlife Broadcasting Network". SonLife Broadcasting Network.
  21. ^ "Galaxy 19 at 97.0°W". LyngSat. Retrieved 2013-04-13.
  22. ^ "SonLife Broadcasting Network". LyngSat. Retrieved 2013-04-13.
  23. ^ "Satellites | SonLife Broadcasting Network". Sonlifetv.com. Archived from the original on 2013-04-11. Retrieved 2013-04-13. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  24. ^ "F.A.Q's". Jimmy Swaggart Bible College and Seminary. Retrieved 2018-07-31.
  25. ^ "Books by Jimmy Swaggart (Author of The Expositor's Study Bible KJVersion/Concordance)". Goodreads.com. Retrieved March 15, 2012.
  26. ^ Swaggart, Jimmy (August 9, 2005). The Expositor's Study Bible KJVersion/Concordance. Jimmy Swaggart Ministries. ISBN 9780976953005. Retrieved March 15, 2012.
  27. ^ Dept., JSM Web. "SonLife Broadcasting Network - SBN - Jimmy Swaggart Ministries". Retrieved 15 April 2017.
  28. ^ Dept., JSM Web. "JSM Ministers - Pastors - Jimmy Swaggart Ministries - Family Worship Center". Retrieved 15 April 2017.
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