John L. Hines Jr.

John Leonard Hines Jr.
John Leonard Hines Jr.
Born	March 8, 1905; White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia
Died	November 19, 1986 (aged 81); Washington, D.C.
Place of burial	Arlington National Cemetery
Allegiance	United States of America
Service / branch	United States Army
Rank	Colonel
Awards	Distinguished Service Cross (2); Purple Heart

John L. Hines Jr. (March 8, 1905 – November 19, 1986) was an officer in the United States Army and the son of General John L. Hines.^[1]

Hines graduated from West Point in 1927, and served in World War II with the 6th Armored Division as a colonel, commanding the division's Combat Command A from November 1944 to March 1945.^[2]^[3] He was twice decorated with the Distinguished Service Cross and was severely wounded outside Frankfurt, Germany when an anti-tank shell struck his face.^[1]

Early life

Hines was born in Cincinnati on March 8, 1905. He graduated from West Point in 1927 and was ranked 16th of 203 in his Class. Hines was appointed a lieutenant and assigned to the 11th Cavalry at the Presidio in California. In 1930 he was appointed aide to his father, who was then commanding the Department of the Philippines.

Start of career

Hines completed the Cavalry School at Fort Riley, Kansas in 1932 and was promoted to first lieutenant, after which he command a company at a Civilian Conservation Corps camp in Albany, Missouri. He served as an aide to Major General Frank C. Bolles, and then started the Advanced Equitation Course, from which he graduated in 1936.

Hines then commanded a troop with the 3rd Cavalry Regiment at Fort Myer, Virginia and was promoted to captain. He then served as an instructor in tactics and equitation at West Point, where he also served as the supply officer and adjutant for the post's cavalry squadron, as well as coach of the Cadet polo team. In addition to his other duties at West Point, Hines also captained the cadre's polo team.

World War II

By now a lieutenant colonel, in 1942 Hines was posted to the 6th Armored Division at Fort Knox, Kentucky where he commanded 2nd Battalion, 68th Armored Regiment, and then advanced to executive officer of the regiment. In 1943 a reorganization of armored divisions led to an excess of lieutenant colonels, and Hines was assigned to the training and operations staff section (G-3) of Army Ground Forces in Washington, DC.

Hines received promotion to colonel while with the AGF, and in September 1944 he was assigned to the staff of the Third United States Army, then fighting in France. In October he was assigned to command of Combat Command A, 6th Armored Division.

By late March 1945 Combat Command A was in Germany, and had been assigned to clear defenses in an angle between the Main and Rhine rivers, seize the bridges into Frankfurt, and enter the city of Frankfurt. Hines had left Morfelden in his tank and advanced toward the Frankfurt airport with his lead troops, intending to destroy a large concentration of anti-aircraft artillery, which would increase the chances seizing intact one or more of the bridges into the city.

Wounding

Hines and his tank crew were at a road junction near the autobahn when an incoming shell hit the deck and turret of the tank. Hines was blinded, suffered burns and other facial injuries, and lost several fingers on his left hand. Combat Command A continued their mission, seized a bridge over the Main, and entered Frankfurt. Hines was evacuated, and began a series of surgeries and treatments at hospitals in France, England, and the United States.

Retirement

Hines went through over 50 reconstructive surgeries, but did not regain his sight, and was unable to return to duty. In 1952 he retired for disability with the rank of colonel. After leaving the Army he resided in Washington, DC.

Later life

Hines was in the 6th Armored Division Association from its founding in 1948 until his death. He was the association’s honorary vice president and served as president of Task Force DC, a group of more than 100 members in the Washington, DC area.

Death and burial

Hines died in Washington, DC on November 19, 1986. He was buried at Arlington National Cemetery. Section 7, Site 8002 RH.

Awards and decorations

While in Combat Command A, 6th Armored Division, Hines earned: the Distinguished Service Cross (twice); Distinguished Service Medal; Silver Star; Bronze Star Medal (twice); Purple Heart (three times); French Legion of Honor (Chevalier); and French Croix de Guerre with Palm. He was also a recipient of: the American Defense Service Medal; American Campaign Medal; and the European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal with four battle stars. His pre-World War II awards included the Royal Order of Cambodia and the Dragon of Annam (French Indo-China).

Family

Hines’ first married Alberta Matthews, and they later divorced. He later married Ova Richmond, who died in 1981. Hines was the father of a son, John L. Hines III.

References

^ ^a ^b George Smith Patton; Paul Donal Harkins (1995). War as I knew it. Mariner Books. p. 275. ISBN 0-395-73529-7.
^ 6th ARMORED DIVISION Archived 2010-05-24 at WebCite
^ US Army Center of Military History. 2010-05-24. Accessed: 2010-05-24. (Archived by WebCite)

External links

John L. Hines Jr. at West Point Association of Graduates
John L. Hines Jr. at Find a Grave

[patton-1] George Smith Patton; Paul Donal Harkins (1995). War as I knew it. Mariner Books. p. 275. ISBN 0-395-73529-7.

[2] 6th ARMORED DIVISION Archived 2010-05-24 at WebCite

[3] US Army Center of Military History. 2010-05-24. Accessed: 2010-05-24. (Archived by WebCite)

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