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Vlasatice

Coordinates: 48°55′50″N 16°29′17″E / 48.93056°N 16.48806°E / 48.93056; 16.48806
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Vlasatice
Municipality
Vlasatice Castle
Vlasatice Castle
Flag of Vlasatice
Flag
Coat of arms of Vlasatice
Coat of arms
Vlasatice is located in Czech Republic
Vlasatice
Vlasatice
Coordinates: 48°55′50″N 16°29′17″E / 48.93056°N 16.48806°E / 48.93056; 16.48806
Country Czech Republic
RegionSouth Moravian
DistrictBrno-Country
Area
 • Total
22.94 km2 (8.86 sq mi)
Elevation
183 m (600 ft)
Population
 (1.1.2012)
 • Total
799
 • Density35/km2 (90/sq mi)
Postal code
691 30

Vlasatice (Template:Lang-de), is a village and municipality (obec) in the Brno-Country District of the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic.

The municipality covers an area of 22.94 square kilometres (8.86 sq mi), and had a population of 807 as of July 2006.

Vlasatice lies approximately 32 kilometres (20 mi) south of Brno and 197 km (122 mi) south-east of Prague.

Geography

Vlasatice is located at the creek Miroslavka and is surrouned by hills formerly called the Roßweide (207 m [679 ft]) and the Hochberge (211 m [692 ft]) in the North and by the Croat mountains (Kroatenberge) (218 m [715 ft]) in the South.

Neighboring villages are Pohořelice (Pohrlitz) in the Northeast, Nová Ves (Mariahilf) in the East, Pasohlávky (Weißstätten) in the Southeast, Troskotovice (Treskowitz) in the Southwest, Trnové Pole (Dornfeld) in the West, and Branišovice (Frainspitz) in the Northwest.

History

From 1031 until 1305, Moravia was ruled by the Přemyslid dynasty. To improve the use of agricultural area and to gain higher yields, the Přemyslides were looking for colonists by offering them 10 years of tax free living. Up until the year 1150 German colonists from Lower Austria settled around the area of Mikulov (Nikolsburg) und Znojmo (Znaim). Vlasatice is an Angerdorf, a Germanic type of village that is characterized by the houses and farmsteads being laid out around a central grassed area, the anger (from the Old High German angar = pasture or grassy place), a village green which was common land, owned jointly by the village community. The German dialect that was spoken in Vlasatice until 1946, a Central Bavarian dialect with the ui-slang indicates, that the settlers originally came from areas in Bavaria, from around the bishopry of Regensburg und Passau. The settlers brought a new way of doing agriculture, the so-called three-field system with crop rotation and new agricultural tools.

Since 1276 the town of Vlasatice was in possession of the monastery of Rosa Coeli. From 1342 until 1633 the village had a system of High justice, in German as Blutgerichtsbarkeit (lit. "blood justice", "blood-court"; sometimes also known as Halsgericht), which is the highest penal authority, including capital punishment.

The name of the town changed from "Wassatycz" (1333) via "Wasaticz" (1370) to "Bassatitz" in the 17th century, and from the late 17th century was known as "Wostitz".

During the Hussite Wars, the castle in the village was conquered and occupied by Taborites. Around 1428, Catholic troops regained the castle. In 1538, the town was granted a market by Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor. A parish existed since 1276. Around the year 1560, Protestantism got a hold in Vlasatice. In the year 1567 a farm of Bretheren was founded by Hutterer. The Hutterites were driven away in 1617 by Count von Thurn. Most of the Hutterites moved to Siebenbürgen, also known as Transsylvania. During 1618, all possessions were taken away from Count Thurn Thirty Year War and given to Cardinal Dietrichstein. Since 1622 the region was recatholized. During the Thirty Year War, the village was devastated by troops of the Holy Roman Emperor.

Parish registers are known since 1631. An Online search can be done at the State Archiv of Brno.[1] A digital heritage book of Vlasatice was published in 2010 [2].

After the Austro–Turkish War (1663-1664) and the Great Turkish War (1683-1699) only 23 of 75 farmsteads were still occupied in Vlasatice.

In the years 1831 and 1866 an outbreak of cholera killed 180 (73) people.

As a result of the First World War the historical Austrian countries of Bohemia, Moravia and Czech Silesia were ceded to the newly formed state of Czechoslovakia.

The Second World War ended on May 8, 1945. All territories, commonly known as the Sudentenland given to Germany in 1939 as a result of the Munich agreement were returned to the State of Czechoslovakia.

During the war 154 inhabitants lost their lives. In 1946 the majority of the villagers were driven away to Germany during the Expulsion of Germans from Czechoslovakia as a result of the Beneš decrees. 160 ethnical Germans from Vlasatice/Wostitz, who fled to Austria at the end of the war, were granted citizenship there. Nine individuals emigrated to Canada, five to the USA, three to Australia und Switzerland, two to Sweden and one each to Argentina, France, Italy und England. Only a few of the original villagers remained in Vlasatice, mostly due to their bi-ethnic Czech and German background.

Vlasatice was repopulated with ethnic Czechs by the new government.

Sources

  • Wilhelm Szegeda: Heimatkundliches Lesebuch des Schulbezirks Nikolsburg, 1935, approbierter Lehrbehelf, Lehrerverein Pohrlitz Verlag, Wostitz S. 128.
  • Georg Dehio, Karl Ginhart: Handbuch der deutschen Kunstdenkmäler in der Ostmark. Anton Schroll & Co, 1941, Wostitz S. 499.
  • Arbeitsausschuß der Südmährer (Hrsg.): Südmährische Sagen. Geislingen, Steige.
  • Ilse Tielsch-Felzmann: Südmährische Sagen. München, Verl. Heimatwerk, 1969.
  • Hans Zuckriegl: Im Märchenland der Thayana, 2000.
  • Josef Freising: Die Marktgemeinde Wostitz und ihre Umgebung vor 300 Jahren, 1936.
  • Archiv Mikulov: Odsun Němců – transport odeslaný dne 20. kvĕtna 1946.
  • Walfried Blaschka: Wostitz, Geschichte einer deutschen Marktgemeinde in Südmähren. 1993
  • Alfred Schickel, Gerald Frodl: Geschichte Südmährens. Band 3. Die Geschichte der deutschen Südmährer von 1945 bis zur Gegenwart. Südmährischer Landschaftsrat, Geislingen an der Steige 2001, ISBN 3-927498-27-0, S. 243, 266, 406, 417, 421,422, 424, 431, 542, 546, 573, 575 (Wostitz).
  • Walfried Blaschka, Gerald Frodl: Südmähren von A-Z, 2006, Wostitz. 210.

Literature und Sources

  • Franz Josef Schwoy: Topographie vom Markgrafthum Mähren 1793, Wostitz, page 450
  • Karl Wittek: Die Wiedertäufer in Südmähren
  • Gregor Wolny: Das Markgrafthum Mähren topographisch, statistisch und historisch, 1837
  • Anton Schwetter, Siegfried Kern: Der politische Bezirk Nikolsburg, 1884
  • Johann Zabel: Kirchlicher Handweiser für Südmähren 1941, Generalvikariat Nikolsburg, Wostitz, page 48
  • Ilse Tielsch-Felzmann: Südmährische Sagen. 1969, Munich, Verlag Heimatwerk
  • Wenzel Max: Thayaland, Volkslieder und Tänze aus Südmähren, 1984, Geislingen/Steige
  • Felix Bornemann: Kunst und Kunsthandwerk in Südmähren, 1990
  • Bruno Kaukal: Die Wappen und Siegel der südmährischen Gemeinden, 1992
  • Emilia Hrabovec: Vertreibung und Abschub. Deutsche in Mähren 1945 – 1947, Frankfurt am Main/ Bern/ New York/ Wien (= Wiener Osteuropastudien. Schriftenreihe des österreichischen Ost- und Südosteuropa Instituts), 1995 und 1996
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Vlasatice.

Individual Sources

  • Český statistický úřad – Die Einwohnerzahlen der tschechischen Gemeinden vom 1. Januar 2017 (PDF; 371 KiB)
  • http://www.planet-wissen.de/kultur/mitteleuropa/geschichte_tschechiens/pwiedeutscheintschechien100.html
  • Joachim Rogall: Deutsche und Tschechen: Geschichte, Kultur, Politik Verlag C.H.Beck, 2003. ISBN 3-406-45954-4. Geleitwort von Václav Havel. Kapitel: Die Přemysliden und die deutsche Kolonisierung S33 f.
  • Leopold Kleindienst: Die Siedlungsformen, bäuerliche Bau- und Sachkultur Südmährens, 1989, S. 9
  • Hans Zuckriegl: Wörterbuch der südmährischen Mundarten. Ihre Verwendung in Sprache, Lied und Schrift. 25,000 Dialektwörter, 620 S. Eigenverlag. 1999.
  • Johann Eder: Chronik der Orte Seelowitz und Pohrlitz und ihrer Umgebung, 1859, 256
  • Gregor Wolny ,Conrad Schenkl: Die Markgrafschaft Maehren: Band 2, Teil 1,1827 ,96
  • Bernd Längin: Die Hutterer, 1986, S. 237
  • Codex diplomaticus et epistolaris Moraviae, Bd. III, S. 131
  • Acta Publica Registrierungspflichtige Online-Recherche in den historischen Matriken des Mährischen Landesarchivs Brünn (cz,dt). Abgerufen am 18. März 2011.
  • Walfried Blaschka, Gerald Frodl: Der Kreis Nikolsburg von A bis Z, 2006, S. 211
  • Felix Ermacora: Der unbewältigte Friede: St. Germain und die Folgen; 1919 -1989 , Amalthea Verlag, Wien, München, 1989, ISBN 3-85002-279-X
  • Fritz Peter Habel: Dokumente zur Sudetenfrage, Langen Müller, 1984, ISBN 3-7844-2038-9, Bodenreform in der ČSR, 1919 bis 1938. S. 471
  • Johann Wolfgang Brügel: Tschechen und Deutsche 1918 – 1938, München 1967
  • Alfred Schickel, Gerald Frodl: Geschichte Südmährens. Band 3. Die Geschichte der deutschen Südmährer von 1945 bis zur Gegenwart. Südmährischer Landschaftsrat, Geislingen an der Steige 2001, ISBN 3-927498-27-0, S. 244.
  • Walfried Blaschka, Gerald Frodl: Der Kreis Nikolsburg von A-Z, Südmährischer Landschaftsrat, Geislingen an der Steige, 2006, Totenbuch S. 216
  • Alfred Schickel, Gerald Frodl: Geschichte Südmährens. Band III. Maurer, Geislingen/Steige 2001, S. 244, ISBN 3-927498-27-0.
  • Charles L. Mee: Die Potsdamer Konferenz 1945. Die Teilung der Beute. Wilhelm Heyne Verlag, München 1979. ISBN 3-453-48060-0.
  • Milan Churaň: Potsdam und die Tschechoslowakei. 2007, ISBN 978-3-9810491-7-6.
  • Archiv Mikulov, Odsun Němců – transport odeslaný dne 20. kvĕtna, 1946.
  • Walter, Francis E. (1950): Expellees and Refugees of German ethnic Origin. Report of a Special Subcommittee of the Committee on the Judiciary, House of Representatives, HR 2nd Session, Report No. 1841, Washington, March 24, 1950.
  • Cornelia Znoy: Die Vertreibung der Sudetendeutschen nach Österreich 1945/46. Diplomarbeit zur Erlangung des Magistergrades der Philosophie, Geisteswissenschaftliche Fakultät der Universität Wien, 1995
  • Břeclav243.
  • Codex diplomaticus et epistolaris Moraviae, Bd. IV, S. 168
  • Zuckriegl: Im Märchenland der Thayana, 2000, Eigenverlag, S. 180f
  1. ^ Acta Publica
  2. ^ Ortsfamilienbuch
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