Fuad Stephens
Muhammad Fuad Stephens | |
---|---|
1st Chief Minister of Sabah | |
In office 16 September 1963 – 31 December 1964 | |
Preceded by | None |
Succeeded by | Peter Lo Sui Yin |
5th Chief Minister of Sabah | |
In office 18 April 1976 – 6 June 1976 | |
Preceded by | Mustapha Harun |
Succeeded by | Harris Salleh |
3rd Yang di-Pertua Negeri of Sabah | |
In office 16 September 1973 – 28 July 1975 | |
Preceded by | Pengiran Ahmad Raffae |
Succeeded by | Mohd Hamdan Abdullah |
Personal details | |
Born | Donald Aloysius Marmaduke Stephens 14 September 1920 Kudat, British North Borneo |
Died | 6 June 1976 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia | (aged 55)
Political party | United National Kadazan Organisation, BERJAYA |
Spouse(s) | Ida (married 1950; widowed 1957)[1] Hajah Rahimah (Cecilia June Lutter)[2] |
Children | Johari (John Benedict; adopted–1952–1976)[3] Affendi (Richard Bernard; 1958–2009) Asgari (James Denis; born 1960) Faridah (Jean Heather; born 1962) Fauziah (Elma; born 1964)[4] |
Parents |
|
Tun Muhammad Fuad Stephens, (born Donald Aloysius Marmaduke Stephens; 14 September 1920 – 6 June 1976)[5] was the first Chief Minister of the state of Sabah in Malaysia, and the first Huguan Siou or Paramount Leader of the Kadazandusun community. He played a fundamental role in bringing the state of Sabah into the Federation of Malaysia in 1963. He held the chief minister post until 1964, and again in 1976. During his second term as Chief Minister he died in a controversial accident on 6 June 1976, in Kota Kinabalu, the state capital of Sabah. He was a passenger in an Australian made Nomad aircraft which crashed and killed everyone on board. His body was buried at the State Mausoleum near the Sabah State Mosque, Kota Kinabalu.
Early life
Stephens was born on 14 September 1920 in Kudat. His father, Jules Stephen Pavitt (later known as Jules Pavitt Stephens), was half-Kadazan and half-British, born and brought up in Akaroa, Canterbury, New Zealand who migrated to British North Borneo hailing from Papar district in the West Coast Division with paternal ancestry roots in Essex, England. His mother, Edith Cope, was ethnically half-Japanese, half-British and a quarter-Dusun (Orang Sungai) descent originating from the district of Kinabatangan, Sandakan Division.[6] Stephens had five siblings; two younger sisters and three younger brothers. Two of them, John and Martin died in infancy. A third, Leo Benedict was born in 1926, later became the President of the Dewan Negara between 1985–1988.[7]
Political career
Donald Stephens founded the political party United National Kadazan Organisation (UNKO) in August 1961. He played a key role in negotiating the independence of Sabah and the formation of Malaysia, together with Tun Mustapha of United Sabah National Organisation (USNO), and Tunku Abdul Rahman, the then Prime Minister of Malaya. The formation of Malaysia was finally achieved on 16 September 1963, which is today known as Malaysia Day. He became Sabah's first Chief Minister.
In 1964, Donald Stephens stepped down as Chief Minister to become the first Malaysian federal cabinet member from Sabah. He was replaced by Peter Lo Sui Yin from the Sabah Chinese Association. Stephens became the minister in charge of Sabah affairs under the Prime Minister's department.[8]
Stephens saw Malaysia as the federation of four countries - Malaya, Sabah, Sarawak and Singapore - as equal partners, as opposed to the eleven states making up the Federation of Malaya, which had less autonomy.[9]
Following Singapore's exit from Malaysia, Stephens sought a review of Sabah's participation in the federation,[10] although he was not seeking secession.[11] However, this was rejected by the federal government, which feared that such a move would endanger the federation as a whole.[12]
In 1973, Fuad Stephens was appointed as the governor of Sabah, known as the Yang di-Pertua Negara (the post was later known as Yang di-Pertua Negeri).[13] He held this position until 1975. Later that same year, Tun Fuad Stephens together with Harris Salleh formed the new political party BERJAYA. They won the 1976 state election, defeating Tun Mustapha's USNO and becoming the new government of Sabah. Tun Fuad Stephens became Sabah's fifth Chief Minister. Forty-four days later, he died in a plane crash.
Plane crash
On 6 June 1976 ("Double Six"), Tun Fuad Stephens and several cabinet members boarded a flight from Labuan heading towards Kota Kinabalu. About 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) from Kota Kinabalu International Airport, the plane crashed killing everyone on board.
The site of the plane crash is marked by a memorial constructed not long after the accident. The site is located in the Sembulan area near the Grace Garden housing complex in Kota Kinabalu across Jalan Coastal Highway from Sutera Harbour resort.
Personal life
Stephens converted to Islam in January 1971, and he adopted the name Muhammad Fuad, meaning soul or spirit in Arabic. Stephens was also encouraged to renounce his surname at the time of his conversion, but he had refused to do so.[4] For a number of years he held the post of High Commissioner of Malaysia in Australia.
Honours
Honours of Malaysia
- Malaysia : Commander of the Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia (P.S.M.) (1970)[14]
- Malaysia : Grand Commander of the Order of the Defender of the Realm (S.M.N.) (1975)[15]
Awards
- Tun Fuad Stephens was posthumously granted the soubriquet Bapa Malaysia Dari Sabah (Father of Malaysia From Sabah) and Huguan Siou.
Places named after him
Several places were named after him, including:
- Tun Fuad Stephens Park, a public park in Kota Kinabalu.
- SMK Tun Fuad Stephens, a secondary school at Kiulu, Tamparuli, Tuaran.
- SMK Taman Tun Fuad, a secondary school at Kota Kinabalu.
- Jalan Tun Fuad Stephens a major highway in the Kota Kinabalu metropolitan area.
- Jalan Tun Mohd Fuad a road at Taman Tun Dr Ismail, Kuala Lumpur.
- SK Tun Fuad, a primary school at Kunak, Tawau Division.
- Dewan Tun Fuad Stephens, the main community hall of the Penampang district located in Donggongon, Penampang.
- Maktab Rendah Sains Mara Tun Muhammad Fuad Stephens, a government-owned elite boarding school at Sandakan
- Wisma Tun Fuad Stephens, state government buildings in Kota Kinabalu.
- Kolej Kediaman Tun Fuad Stephens, student residence in University Malaysia Sabah
References
- ^ P. J. (1999), p. 70, 77
- ^ P. J. (1999), p. 95
- ^ P. J. (1999), p. 78
- ^ a b c P. J. (1999), p. 218
- ^ Biodata Tun Haji Mohd. Fuad Stephens
- ^ P. J. (1999), p. 35
- ^ P. J. (1999), p. 37
- ^ malaysiana1: What's In A Name?
- ^ Sabah 25 years later, 1963-1988, Institute for Development Studies (Sabah), 1989, page 56
- ^ ASEAN Forecast, Volumes 5-7, Executive Publication Pte, 1985, page 12
- ^ Malaysia, 1965, page 24
- ^ Malaysian Federalism: Conflict Or Consensus, Mohammad Agus Yusoff, Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 2006, page 223
- ^ Granville-Edge, P. J. (1999). The Sabahan: The Life And Death of Tun Fuad Stephens. ISBN 978-983-40114-0-6.
- ^ "Semakan Penerima Darjah Kebesaran, Bintang dan Pingat".
- ^ "Senarai Penuh Penerima Darjah Kebesaran, Bintang dan Pingat Persekutuan Tahun 1975" (PDF).
Bibliography
- P. J. Granville-Edge (1999). The Sabahan: The Life and Death of Tun Fuad Stephens. Family of the late Tun Fuad Stephens. ISBN 9834011407.
External links
- 1920 births
- 1976 deaths
- Chief Ministers of Sabah
- Sabah state ministers
- Converts to Islam from Roman Catholicism
- Australian Muslims
- Yang di-Pertua Negeri of Sabah
- Kadazan-Dusun people
- Malaysian people of New Zealand descent
- Malaysian Muslims
- Malaysian former Christians
- Malaysian people of Australian descent
- Malaysian people of English descent
- Malaysian politicians of Japanese descent
- Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in Malaysia
- People from Sabah
- Former Roman Catholics
- Members of the Dewan Rakyat
- Members of the Sabah State Legislative Assembly
- Malaysian political party founders
- Parti Bersatu Rakyat Jelata Sabah politicians
- United Pasokmomogun Kadazan Organisation politicians
- Commanders of the Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia
- Grand Commanders of the Order of the Defender of the Realm
- High Commissioners of Malaysia to Australia