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WFMU

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WFMU
Broadcast areaGreater New York
Frequency91.1 MHz
Programming
FormatFreeform
Ownership
OwnerAuricle Communications
History
First air date
1958
Call sign meaning
W FM Upsala College
(former owner)
Technical information
Facility ID3249
ClassA
ERP1,250 watts
HAAT151 meters
Transmitter coordinates
40°47′19.00″N 74°15′20.00″W / 40.7886111°N 74.2555556°W / 40.7886111; -74.2555556
Translator(s)W220EJ 91.9 Weehawken, New Jersey
Links
WebcastListen Live
Websitewww.wfmu.org

WFMU is a listener-supported, independent community radio station licensed to, East Orange, New Jersey broadcasting at 91.1 (and on 90.1 WMFU in Mount Hope, New York as well as translator W220EJ at 91.9, broadcasting from 4 Times Square in midtown Manhattan), presenting a freeform radio format. It is the longest-running freeform radio station in the U.S.[1] The station's main terrestrial transmitter is located in West Orange, New Jersey.

Ownership and management

WFMU commenced broadcasting in April 1958, licensed to Upsala College in East Orange, New Jersey. Although originally a student-staffed and faculty-administered college radio operation, by the 1980s most of the station's staff had no affiliation with the college, and management, though hired by the college, had little involvement with the academic community. Shortly before Upsala's bankruptcy filing and closure on May 31, 1995, a group of station executives, personnel, and supporters formed Auricle Communications and bought the license from the college, making it a fully independent radio station. In August 1998 the station's studios and offices were relocated to a Jersey City facility purchased with listener donations.

The station's transmitter is situated atop the First Watchung Mountain in West Orange, New Jersey. Due to the crowded state of the noncommercial end of the FM dial in the northeastern United States, as well as the need to protect WNYE at nearby 91.5, the station operates at a relatively modest 1,250 watts. Still, it easily covers most of northern New Jersey, with at least grade B coverage across the Hudson in New York City.[2] WFMU has a repeater station, WMFU (formerly WXHD), in Mount Hope, New York, broadcasting at 90.1 MHz in the Hudson Valley, the Lower Catskills, western New Jersey and eastern Pennsylvania. WFMU can also be heard on W220EJ a translator on 91.9 licensed to Weehawken, New Jersey and broadcasting from midtown Manhattan to better serve New York City listeners.[3]

Philosophy

WFMU has a stated commitment to unstructured-format broadcasting. All programming is created by each individual air personality, and is not restricted by any type of station-wide playlist or rotation schedule. Experimentation, spontaneity and humor are among the station's most frequently noted distinguishing traits. Unlike most commercial broadcasting and non-commercial educational radio stations, WFMU does not offer regularly scheduled news, weather, traffic, sports, or financial information. WFMU does not belong to any existing Public broadcasting network, and nearly 100% of its programming originates at the radio station.

Funding and operations

WFMU's annual operating budget is approximately $2,100,000 US, and is funded primarily by its listeners through an annual 15[4]-day on-air fundraising marathon, as well as a spring record fair and other events. WFMU is unusual in its philosophy that on-air fundraising drives only take place once a year, unlike most other public and listener supported stations which have multiple pledge drives throughout the year. WFMU's air staff are unpaid volunteers, some of whom have been with the station since the 1970s and 1980s. In a 1990 interview, WFMU Station Manager Ken Freedman stated, "we've always rejected underwriting on principle."[5] The station rejects any type of direct underwriting from governmental institutions or from for-profit corporations. Historically, WFMU has occasionally accepted financial support from private foundations, although such support has never funded WFMU's general operations. In 2006 the station accepted a $400,000 grant from the Rockefeller Foundation, which was administering The New York State Music Fund for a special project (see below).[6]

Programming

WFMU hosts a wide range of programming, from all-inclusive music broadcasts (with a focus on alternative rock) to entertainment programming like radio improv and cooking programs to curiosities like hand-cranked wax cylinders and classic radio airchecks. WFMU's Music Director is Olivia Bradley Skill.

Recognition and cultural influence

WFMU was named "Best Radio Station in the Country" by Rolling Stone magazine for four consecutive years (1991–1994)[7] and has also been dubbed the best radio station in either NYC or the US by The Village Voice,[8] New York Press, and CMJ, among others. The station also won three awards ("Best Specialty Programming", "Most Eclectic Programming", and "Music Director Most Likely To Never Sell Out") at the 2006 CMJ College Radio Awards.[9]

A 1999 New York Times magazine feature article called WFMU "a station whose name has become like a secret handshake among a certain tastemaking cognoscenti", and cited Velvet Underground founder Lou Reed, The Simpsons creator Matt Groening, filmmaker Jim Jarmusch and playwright Eric Bogosian as avowed fans of the station.[10]

Other notable fans and supporters of WFMU have included Neutral Milk Hotel frontman Jeff Mangum, Kurt Cobain,[11] screenwriter/director Ethan Coen, MAKE magazine editor-in-chief and Boing Boing co-founder Mark Frauenfelder, Led Zeppelin lead singer Robert Plant, musician Suzanne Vega, artist Cindy Sherman, indie rock musician Ted Leo, Sonic Youth guitarists Lee Ranaldo[12] and Thurston Moore, comic book artist and writer Evan Dorkin, film director, producer and actor Kevin Smith, musician Moby, The Cars vocalist/record producer Ric Ocasek, musician Max Tundra, television talk-show host Conan O'Brien, Steven Universe creator Rebecca Sugar,[13] and Blixa Bargeld, singer of the German band Einstürzende Neubauten.[14]. President Barack Obama and music reviewer Anthony Fantano follow the station on Twitter.

Although WFMU has traditionally eschewed news-oriented programming, the station volunteered its airwaves in September 2001 to become the temporary home in the New York area for Amy Goodman's Democracy Now! program (which was renamed Democracy Now! In Exile), after it was "banished" from WBAI and the Pacifica Radio Network during a highly controversial "coup" of WBAI's station management by Pacifica's national Board of Directors.

In a similar example of its support of community broadcasting, WFMU began voluntarily hosting the webcast of legendary New Orleans jazz station, WWOZ, when its studio and transmitter were destroyed in the wake of Hurricane Katrina in August 2005. WFMU also took online donations on behalf of WWOZ, raising over $300,000 towards the rebuilding of the station.

WFMU also received worldwide attention in May 2001, when national and international media outlets covered DJ Glen Jones's successful attempt to break the Guinness World Record for longest consecutive radio broadcast, staying on the air a full 100 hours, 42 seconds.

A famous 1990 telephone performance on WFMU by Daniel Johnston was the primary inspiration for filmmaker Jeff Feuerzeig to create the documentary film, The Devil and Daniel Johnston.[15] The film won the award for Best Documentary Director at the 2005 Sundance Film Festival.

The late Jeff Buckley made his radio debut on WFMU in late 1991 and returned numerous times before signing with Columbia Records and achieving international stardom.[16]

In 2014-2015, a documentary on WFMU, produced and directed by Tim K. Smith and titled Sex and Broadcasting: A Film About WFMU, screened at American film festivals and independent cinemas nationwide. The film was funded, in part, by a successful Kickstarter campaign under the working title Freeform or Death: A Documentary About WFMU.[17]

In 2018, WFMU was one of several outlets that participated in a hoax by the band Phish for their yearly Halloween musical "costume" by publishing a post on their "Beware the Blog" about a fictional Scandinavian band, Kasvot Vaxt. [18]

Free Music Archive

Further information: Free Music Archive

In 2006, WFMU was awarded a grant from the New York State Music Fund, a program created by the Office of the New York State Attorney General Eliot Spitzer to make contemporary music of all genres more available and accessible to diverse audiences in New York State. WFMU's grant included funds to create a podsafe online music library known as The Free Music Archive, which launched on April 10, 2009.[19] The website describes itself as "a social music website built around a curated library of free, legal audio."[20] Currently it hosts over 45,000[21] podsafe songs for free for streaming or download, many under Creative Commons licenses.[22] The Fund grew out of settlements with major recording companies investigated for violating state and federal laws prohibiting "pay for play" (payola). Grant winners were chosen on criteria that included, among other things, their record of broadening awareness of artists, genres or styles with limited access to commercial broadcast or other mass distribution vehicles.[23]

Notable program hosts

Further information: List of WFMU Radio Hosts

The station's past and present on-air staff includes many notable people from the worlds of art, music, film, television, literature, and cyber-culture.

Online broadcasting and blogging

Listening via internet in a car

Along with its traditional radio broadcast, WFMU is also broadcast live over the internet in a wide variety of streaming formats (including Ogg Vorbis), and all programming is archived on the WFMU website in 128k MP3 format for four weeks, then permanently thereafter in RealAudio format.

In 2005, WFMU expanded its online broadcasting efforts by offering 15 hours a week of Internet-only live programming ("free of the FCC's incomprehensible language restrictions", explains WFMU Station Manager Ken Freedman [citation needed]), as well as an independent 24-hour-a-day webcast of Nachum Segal's Jewish Moments In The Morning program.

In January 2006, WFMU announced the availability of the station's live stream and archives to cellular phones and other mobile devices running the operating systems Windows Mobile (Pocket PC) and Palm OS.

Podcasts of 23 WFMU shows (some exclusive to the podcast itself) are also available.

The official WFMU blog, WFMU's Beware of the Blog, was launched in 2004, and has become very popular even among non-WFMU listeners. Original content for the WFMU blog is contributed by station personalities as well as a variety of listeners and associates such as Otis Fodder and Kliph Nesteroff. Blog items are regularly featured on the front pages of high-traffic pop-culture sites such as Boing Boing and MetaFilter. As of July 30, 2015 Beware of the Blog was announced to be inactive. All content will continue to remain on line.

In November 2007, WFMU became the first radio station in the world to offer live streaming to the Apple iPhone.[24]

The Audience Engine

In 2013, station manager Ken Freedman and Assistant General Manager Liz Berg initiated the creation of a suite of software for broadcasters, journalists and online publishers known as the Audience Engine.[25] The project’s first module, a crowdfunding app, is scheduled to launch in late 2015.

See also

References

  1. ^ "A Brief History of Free-form Radio", Lowest Common Denominator, Issue #21 (c. 1998)
  2. ^ Predicted Coverage Area for WFMU 91.1 FM, East Orange, NJ
  3. ^ Predicted Coverage Area for W220EJ 91.9 FM, Weehawken, NJ
  4. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2014-01-24. Retrieved 2015-07-06. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  5. ^ Interview with WFMU Station Manager Ken Freedman[dead link‍], The Fifth Corner, WBAI 99.5 FM, NYC 3/15/90 (link to mp3 archive)
  6. ^ "$19 Million in Music Grants Awarded by Fund Created by "Payola" Settlement""Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2008-05-17. Retrieved 2008-01-26. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  7. ^ WFMU in Fund-Raising Drive., Pristin, Terry. The New York Times. March 13, 1996.
  8. ^ WFMU: Land of the Freeform Radio | The Jersey City Independent
  9. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2007-03-03. Retrieved 2007-03-26. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  10. ^ No Hits, All the Time. Wolf, Jamie. The New York Times Magazine. April 11, 1999.
  11. ^ YouTube clip of Cobain reading WFMU's Catalog of Curiosities, around the 6:02 mark
  12. ^ Lee Ranaldo on listening to WFMU, Feb 2000, Official website of Sonic Youth
  13. ^ Reddit AMA (Ask Me Anything) with Rebecca Sugar, 2014-08-20
  14. ^ as told in an interview on RadioEins
  15. ^ "Daniel Johnston and Yo La Tengo Collaborate on The Music Faucet, February 4, 1990", From the WFMU Archives, Beware of the Blog (April 05, 2006)
  16. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2008-05-09. Retrieved 2008-06-13. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  17. ^ FREEFORM OR DEATH, a documentary about WFMU by Tim K Smith — Kickstarter
  18. ^ "Phish's Incredible Hoax About a Fake Scandinavian Band Stretches Across the Internet". Spin. 2018-11-01. Retrieved 2018-11-01.
  19. ^ Cnet.com "Webware Radar: Get 5,000 music tracks for free"
  20. ^ "This is FMA Beta". Retrieved 14 April 2009.
  21. ^ http://rhizome.org/editorial/2571. {{cite news}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  22. ^ "The Portland Mercury - The Free Music Archive is Incredibly Awesome".
  23. ^ Rockefeller Philanthropy Advisors. "$19 Million in Music Grants Awarded by Fund Created by 'Payola' Settlement."[1] Archived 2008-05-17 at the Wayback Machine
  24. ^ WFMU streaming radio on iPhone, Boing Boing, 11/5/07
  25. ^ Flanagan, Andrew, "WFMU Wants to Change How Media Talks to Its Audiences and Raises Money — For Free," Billboard, July 29, 2015
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