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Steve Scalise
House Minority Whip
Designate
Assumed office
January 3, 2019
LeaderKevin McCarthy
Preceded bySteny Hoyer
House Majority Whip
Incumbent
Assumed office
August 1, 2014
LeaderJohn Boehner
Paul Ryan
Preceded byKevin McCarthy
Succeeded byJim Clyburn (designate)
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Louisiana's 1st district
Incumbent
Assumed office
May 3, 2008
Preceded byBobby Jindal
Member of the Louisiana Senate
from the 9th district
In office
January 14, 2008 – May 6, 2008
Preceded byKen Hollis
Succeeded byConrad Appel
Member of the Louisiana House of Representatives
from the 82nd district
In office
January 8, 1996 – January 14, 2008
Preceded byQuentin Dastugue
Succeeded byCameron Henry
Personal details
Born
Stephen Joseph Scalise

(1965-10-06) October 6, 1965 (age 59)
New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.
Political partyRepublican
Spouse
Jennifer Letulle
​
(m. 2005)​
Children2
EducationLouisiana State University (BS)
WebsiteHouse website
Party website

Stephen Joseph Scalise (/skəˈliːs/; born October 6, 1965) is the current United States House of Representatives Majority Whip and representative for Louisiana's 1st congressional district, serving since 2008. The district includes most of New Orleans's suburbs, as well as a small sliver of New Orleans itself. He is a member of the Republican Party[1][2] and was the chairman of the conservative House Republican Study Committee.[3]

Prior to his congressional tenure, Scalise served for four months in the Louisiana State Senate and twelve years in the Louisiana House of Representatives. On June 19, 2014, Scalise was elected by his Republican colleagues to serve as Majority Whip of the United States House of Representatives. He assumed office on August 1. He is the first Louisianian in the Majority Whip's position since Democrat Hale Boggs of Louisiana's 2nd congressional district held the position from 1962 to 1971. In 2017, Scalise became the dean of the Louisiana Congressional delegation upon the retirement of former Senator David Vitter.

Scalise was shot by a left-wing activist[4][5] on June 14, 2017 at a baseball practice for the congressional baseball team in Virginia and was taken to the hospital in critical condition.[6][7] He returned to the House on September 28, where he gave a speech about his experience related to the traumatic events.[8]

Personal life

Scalise was born in New Orleans,[9] one of three children of Alfred Joseph Scalise, a real estate broker who died on October 8, 2015, at the age of 77, and the former Carol Schilleci. His siblings are Glenn and Tara Scalise.[10]

Scalise graduated from Archbishop Rummel High School in Metairie in Jefferson Parish and earned a Bachelor of Science degree from Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge with a major in computer science and a minor in political science.[11] At Louisiana State University, Scalise was a member of the Acacia Fraternity.[12] He serves on the board of the American Italian Renaissance Foundation, servicing the American Italian Cultural Center. He married Jennifer Ann Letulle on April 9, 2005.[13] The couple has two children.[14]

Louisiana Legislature

Republican (formerly Democratic) State Representative Quentin D. Dastugue made an unsuccessful bid for Governor of Louisiana in 1995, dropping out before the nonpartisan blanket primary. Scalise was recruited by state Republicans to run for Dastugue's District 82 seat in the Louisiana House of Representatives, winning his election bid.[15] Scalise was re-elected to the seat in 1999 and 2003, serving until 2007.[16] His legislative peers named him to the House Appropriations Committee as the representative of the First Congressional District. Scalise opposed the 2002 Stelly Plan, a proposal by Lake Charles Representative Vic Stelly, since repealed, to reduce certain state sales taxes on food for home consumption and utilities in exchange for higher state income taxes.

Scalise was elected in the October 20, 2007 nonpartisan blanket primary to the District 9 seat in the Louisiana Senate vacated by the term-limited Ken Hollis of Metairie. Scalise received 19,154 votes (61 percent) in a three-way contest. Fellow Republican Polly Thomas, an education professor at the University of New Orleans who subsequently won a special state House election in 2016, polled 8,948 votes (29 percent). A Democrat, David Gereighty, polled 3,154 votes (10 percent) in the heavily Republican-oriented district.[17] Scalise, who was term-limited out of the House, was succeeded in the state House by his aide, Cameron Henry of Metairie.

In the special election on November 4, 2008 to fill the remaining three and one-half years in Scalise's state Senate term, Conrad Appel defeated Polly Thomas, 21,853 (52.1 percent) to 20,065 (47.9 percent). Thomas had also lost the race for the seat in 2007 to Scalise.[18]

U.S. House of Representatives

Scalise with President George W. Bush in 2008
Scalise with President Donald Trump in 2018

2008 special election

Main article: Louisiana's 1st congressional district special election, 2008

In 2004, Scalise announced that he would run for the U.S. House of Representatives, but deferred to the preference of party leaders and supported Bobby Jindal, who won the position vacated by the successful U.S. senatorial candidate, David Vitter.

In 2007, when Jindal was elected to the governorship of Louisiana, Scalise announced his intentions to seek the House seat again. This time he received Republican party backing.

Scalise's strongest Republican primary opponent, State Representative Timothy G. "Tim" Burns from Mandeville in St. Tammany Parish, accused Scalise of push polling, a practice in which a campaign contacts voters by telephone and asks probing questions which leave a negative impression of his opponent. Scalise defended his poll from criticism by Burns: "We were running a public opinion survey this week conducted by the largest Republican polling firm in the country, Public Opinion Strategies. . . . conducted with a sample of 300 people, and it shows Scalise at 57 percent, Burns at 26 percent and undecided at 17 percent The margin of error is 5.6 percent. We ran a fact-based public opinion survey, not a push poll."[19]

In the March 8, 2008, Republican primary, Scalise polled 16,799 votes (48 percent). He went on to win the runoff election on April 5 against Burns, who received 9,631 votes (28 percent) in the initial primary.[20][20][21]

In the May 3 general election, Scalise received 33,867 votes (75.13 percent) to Democrat Gilda Reed's 10,142 ballots (22.5 percent). Two minor candidates polled the remaining 2.36 percent of the vote. Reed was a favorite of organized labor and the Democratic constituency groups. The First District has been Republican since 1977, when Bob Livingston won a special election.[22]

Scalise was sworn in on May 7, 2008.[23]

2008

Main article: United States House of Representatives elections in Louisiana, 2008 § District 1

In the regularly scheduled election, Scalise was reelected over Democrat Jim Harlan, 66 percent to 34 percent.[24]

2010

Main article: United States House of Representatives elections in Louisiana, 2010 § District 1

Scalise defeated the Democratic nominee, Myron Katz, and an Independent, Arden Wells, in his 2010 bid for reelection.[25]

2012

In June 2009, Scalise joined Dan Kyle, the former legislative auditor and the treasurer of the Louisiana GOP, as directors of a national presidential fund-raising effort promoting Governor Jindal. According to Kyle, the group hoped to raise $60 million to persuade Jindal to seek the 2012 party nomination.[26] Others on the committee include former State Representative Woody Jenkins. Former Republican State Senator Tom Schedler of Slidell had his name removed from the group, not because he opposes Jindal but because such fund-raising activity could conflict with Schedler's role at the time as first assistant to Louisiana Secretary of State Jay Dardenne.[26] In 2010, Schedler succeeded Dardenne as secretary of state.

In his own 2012 congressional race, Scalise prevailed with 193,490 votes (66.6 percent) over four opponents, the strongest of whom was the Democrat M. V. "Vinny" Mendoza, who finished with 61,979 votes (21.3 percent). A second Republican, Gary King, received 24,838 votes (8.6 percent). Independent Arden Wells ran again and received 4,285 votes (1.5 percent) in his second race against Scalise.[27]

House Minority Whip

The Republicans lost their house majority in the 2018 House of Representatives elections, and Scalise was elected as House Minority Whip, with Kevin McCarthy of California as Minority Leader. While as Majority Whip he was the third-ranking House Republican behind Speaker Paul Ryan and McCarthy, as Minority Whip he will be second in command behind McCarthy.[28]

Committee assignments

Caucus memberships

Legislative history

In 2011, Scalise became a co-sponsor of Bill H.R. 3261, otherwise known as the Stop Online Piracy Act (withdrawn January 23, 2012).[30] As chairman of the Republican Study Committee, Scalise dismissed Derek Khanna, a committee staffer, in December 2012 because of pressure from content industry lobbyists after the study committee published a memo advocating copyright reform.[31]

In 2013, Scalise voted against reauthorizing the Violence Against Women Act.[32] Also in 2013, Scalise sponsored a bill called the FCC Consolidated Reporting Act. The bill makes the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) consolidate several of their reports into one report.[33]

In December 2017, Scalise voted in favor of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act.[34] Scalise says that the bill will "put more money in the pockets of hard-working families."[35]

Leadership race

In the aftermath of Rep. Eric Cantor's unexpected defeat by Dave Brat on June 10, 2014, Scalise launched a campaign to replace Rep. Kevin McCarthy in the position of Majority Whip of the House; McCarthy himself would replace Cantor as House Majority Leader. Scalise's ascent to leadership built on his "come-from-behind win in 2012 to become chairman" of the Republican Study Committee.[36] Scalise subsequently won a three-way race for whip, winning on the first ballot despite the efforts of fellow candidates Peter Roskam and Marlin Stutzman.[37][38] He came under fire for using the assistance of a federal lobbyist, John Feehery, when hiring staff for the Majority Leader's Press Office.[39]

Political positions

Health care

Scalise opposes the Affordable Care Act (Obamacare). Scalise cheered the ruling by a Texas district court judge that the Affordable Care Act was unconstitutional in its entirety.[40]

Gun law

Scalise has been an opponent of gun control and was given an "A+ rating" from the National Rifle Association.[41][42] After being shot, and in the wake of the 2017 Las Vegas shooting, Scalise said on Meet the Press that he is still a gun rights supporter: "Don't try to put new laws in place that don't fix these problems. They only make it harder for law-abiding citizens to own a gun." Scalise has described the Second Amendment as "unlimited."[43]

In 2018, Scalise co-sponsored a bill to "strengthen school safety and security", which required a two-thirds vote for passage given that it was brought up under an expedited process known as Suspension of the Rules. The House voted 407-10 to approve the bill, which would "provide $50 million a year for a new federal grant program to train students, teachers and law enforcement on how to spot and report signs of gun violence". Named STOP (Students, Teachers, and Officers Preventing) School Violence Act, it would "develop anonymous telephone and online systems where people could report threats of violence." At the same time, it would authorize $25 million for schools to improve and harden their security, such as installing new locks, lights, metal detectors and panic buttons. A separate spending bill would be required to provide money for the grant program.[44]

Immigration

Scalise supported President Donald Trump's 2017 executive order temporarily banning on citizens of seven Muslim-majority countries from entering the U.S. He stated that "It's very prudent to say, 'Let's be careful about who comes into our country to make sure that they're not terrorists.'"[45]

Abortion

Scalise does not believe that federal funding should support organizations that offer abortions unless the pregnancy threatens a mother's life.[46]

Cannabis

Scalise has a "D" rating from NORML for his voting history regarding cannabis-related causes. He opposes the legalization of marijuana, believing it is a "gateway drug" for other drugs. Scalise opposes veterans having access to medical marijuana if recommended by their Veterans Health Administration doctor and if it is legal for medicinal purposes in their state of residence.[47]

LGBT rights

Scalise has a zero rating from the Human Rights Campaign for his LGBT-related voting record. The Washington Blade has said Scalise has one of "the most anti-LGBT reputations of any lawmaker." He opposed the repeal of Don't Ask Don't Tell and does not believe that sexuality should be included under hate crime laws. He is opposed to same-sex marriage.[48]

2016 presidential campaign

In the 2016 presidential elections, Steve Scalise endorsed Republican candidate Donald Trump.[49][50][51]

Speech at white supremacist convention

In 2002, Scalise was a speaker at a convention for the European-American Unity and Rights Organization (EURO), a group which was founded by David Duke. This became known in 2014 after political blogger[52][53] Lamar White, Jr. uncovered anonymous comments from 2002 on Stormfront, a white supremacist website, which made reference to Scalise as a 2002 speaker at the convention.[52][54][55][56][57][58] Scalise confirmed that he had spoken at the EURO conference in 2002 and stated at the time he did not know of the "racist nature of the group". Scalise said he spoke about state tax legislation and that EURO was "one of the many groups that I spoke to regarding this critical legislation," further stating that this is a group "whose views I wholeheartedly condemn". Scalise apologized for speaking to the group, saying, "It was a mistake I regret, and I emphatically oppose the divisive racial and religious views groups like these hold."[53]

Various Louisiana politicians, including Republican Governor Bobby Jindal and Democratic Congressman Cedric Richmond, defended Scalise's character.[59] Speaker of the House John Boehner voiced his continued confidence in Scalise as Majority Whip.[54][60] Several Democratic members of Congress, as well as Mo Elleithee, a spokesperson for the Democratic National Committee, criticized Scalise and challenged his statement that he was not aware of the group's affiliation with racism and anti-Semitism.[61] Mark Potok of the Southern Poverty Law Center called upon Scalise to step down from his leadership position as Majority Whip.[62][63][64]

Assassination attempts and death threats

2017 assassination attempt

Main article: 2017 Congressional baseball shooting

On Wednesday, June 14, 2017, at 7:09 am EDT, Scalise and three other people were shot and wounded by James Hodgkinson, a left-wing activist[4][5] who opened fire with a rifle during a baseball practice of the Republican team for the annual Congressional Baseball Game. The practice was taking place at the Eugene Simpson Baseball Fields in the Del Ray neighborhood of Alexandria, Virginia. Scalise, the only member of Congress to be hit, was shot in the hip. Representative Mo Brooks, who was also at the practice, witnessed the attack and said he saw someone with a rifle behind the third base dugout. Brooks then heard Scalise scream from second base. Scalise crawled into right field, bleeding. Senator Jeff Flake and Representative Brad Wenstrup, a former podiatrist, ran to assist Scalise after Hodgkinson was shot.[65][66] Senator Rand Paul, also a witness, said he heard "as many as 50 shots".

Scalise, initially conscious, went into shock while being taken to MedStar Washington Hospital Center[7][67] in critical condition, where he underwent immediate surgery. Scalise was hit by a single rifle bullet that "travelled across his pelvis, fracturing bones, injuring internal organs, and causing severe bleeding".[7] Dr. Jack Sava at the MedStar Washington Hospital Center said that "when he arrived, he was in critical condition with an imminent risk of death". By June 16, although still in critical condition, Sava said, "We have controlled internal bleeding and his vital signs have stabilized." On June 17, it was announced that his condition had improved to "serious" and he was responsive enough to talk with his family.[68] On June 21, the hospital issued a press release, stating, "Congressman Steve Scalise continues to make good progress. He is now listed in fair condition and is beginning an extended period of healing and rehabilitation."[69][70]

On July 5, 2017, Scalise was returned to the ICU (Intensive Care Unit) after becoming ill with an infection related to the shooting.[71]

On July 13, 2017, it was reported that Scalise had undergone additional surgery and that his condition had been upgraded to fair.[72] He was discharged from MedStar Washington Hospital Center on July 26 and went through a period of inpatient rehabilitation.[73] On September 28, to applause and cheers, he returned to the House of Representatives, where he gave a speech about his experience related to the traumatic events.[8]

Hodgkinson, a left-wing activist and vocal supporter of Bernie Sanders, had a previous record of domestic violence and was a fierce critic of the Republican Party and Donald Trump.[4][5]

The Virginia Attorney General concluded the suspect was "fueled by rage against Republican legislators" and "an act of terrorism".[74]

2018 victim of threats

On June 30 a man left death threats against Scalise and his family.[75] A suspect was arrested.[76][77]

See also

References

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  60. ^ Bendery, Jennifer (December 30, 2014). "John Boehner Backs Steve Scalise Amid Controversy Over White Supremacist Meeting". Huffington Post. Archived from the original on December 31, 2014. Retrieved December 31, 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  61. ^ Benjy Sarlin (March 19, 2015). "Steve Scalise: Speaking at supremacist event 'a mistake I regret'". MSNBC. Archived from the original on December 31, 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  62. ^ Berman, Mark (December 30, 2014). "SPLC calls for congressman who spoke to white supremacist group to step down from leadership". Washington Post. Archived from the original on January 1, 2015. Retrieved December 31, 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  63. ^ Scileifstein, Mark (December 30, 2014). "Steve Scalise denials not believable and he should resign as whip, civil rights group says". The Times-Picayune. Archived from the original on March 11, 2017. Retrieved June 15, 2017. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  64. ^ Sullivan, Peter (December 20, 2014). "Civil rights group: Scalise must go". The HIll. Archived from the original on June 18, 2017. Retrieved June 15, 2017. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  65. ^ "Scalise critical, shooter ID'd as James Hodgkinson". Fox News. Archived from the original on June 15, 2017. Retrieved June 15, 2017. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  66. ^ CNN, Karl de Vries and Eugene Scott. "Rep. Scalise shot in Virginia". CNN. Archived from the original on June 14, 2017. Retrieved June 14, 2017. {{cite news}}: |last= has generic name (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  67. ^ "Steve Scalise facing more surgeries, hospital update says". NOLA.com. Archived from the original on June 15, 2017. Retrieved June 15, 2017. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  68. ^ "Scalise Shooting: GOP congressman upgraded from 'critical' to 'serious' condition". Fox News. June 17, 2017. Archived from the original on June 18, 2017. Retrieved June 17, 2017. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  69. ^ "Condition Update: Rep. Steve Scalise". MedStar Washington Hospital Center. June 21, 2017. Archived from the original on July 13, 2017. Retrieved July 13, 2017. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  70. ^ Howard, Jacqueline (June 21, 2017). "Rep. Steve Scalise is now in 'fair' condition after shooting". CNN. Archived from the original on July 14, 2017. Retrieved July 13, 2017. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  71. ^ Choi, David (July 6, 2017). "Rep. Steve Scalise re-admitted to intensive care unit". Fox News. Archived from the original on July 6, 2017. Retrieved July 13, 2017. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  72. ^ "Rep. Steve Scalise has new operation after shooting, condition fair". NBC News. Archived from the original on July 15, 2017. Retrieved July 15, 2017. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  73. ^ "Scalise discharged from hospital". CNN. Archived from the original on July 26, 2017. Retrieved July 26, 2017. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  74. ^ https://www.alexandriava.gov/uploadedFiles/commattorney/info/17-001%20-%20Simpson%20Field%20Shooting%20-%20FINAL%2010.06.17.pdf
  75. ^ Mike DeBonis (August 2, 2018). "N.Y. man charged with threatening top House GOP leaders over Trump immigration policy". Washington Post. Retrieved August 3, 2018. Hey listen, this message is for you and the people that sent you there," Bayon allegedly said in the message to Scalise. "You are taking ours, we are taking yours. Anytime, anywhere. We know where they are. We are not going to feed them sandwiches; we are going to feed them lead. Make no mistake you will pay. Ojo por ojo, diente por diente. ["An eye for an eye; a tooth for a tooth."] That is our law and we are the majority. Have a good day.
  76. ^ "Man accused of threats to Congress, including GOP's Scalise". The Star Tribune. Associated Press. August 2, 2018. Retrieved August 3, 2018. man was arrested and accused of leaving menacing voicemails for two lawmakers. U.S. Attorney James Kennedy said investigators believe the threats are credible.
  77. ^ https://www.nola.com/national_politics/2018/08/steve_scalise_carlos_bayon_sea.html
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U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Louisiana's 1st congressional district
2008–present 		Incumbent
Preceded by House Majority Whip
2014–present 		Succeeded by
Jim Clyburn
Designate
Preceded by House Minority Whip
Designate
Taking office 2019 		Incumbent
Party political offices
Preceded by Chair of the Republican Study Committee
2013–2014 		Succeeded by
U.S. order of precedence (ceremonial)
Preceded by United States Representatives by seniority
158th 		Succeeded by
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