Yubileyniy Airport
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Yubileyniy (ICAO: UAON, FAA LID: XXX) is an airport in Kyzylorda Oblast Kazakhstan a. Located in the northern part of the Baikonur cosmodrome, 40 km north-north-west of the city of Baikonur (at the site of 251 cosmodrome Baikonur) in desert tract Ushkyzyl.
The airfield is leased by Russia from Kazakhstan as part of the “Baikonur” complex for the period up to 2050, entered into the State Register of Aerodromes of Experimental Aviation of the Russian Federation. The aerodrome operator is FSUE “TsENKI” (until 2017, the aerodrome was operated by “Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center)”.
Jubilee airfield is extracurricular, capable of receiving all types of aircraft (including An-225 "Mriya"). The maximum take-off weight of the aircraft is 392 metric tons. Classification number Runway (PCN) 72 / R / B / X / T.[1]
Spacecraft are delivered to this airfield with special flights from Moscow, Krasnoyarsk and other countries (for their preparation and launch from the Baikonur cosmodrome). In 1997–2011, the aerodrome also took passenger service flights carrying the administrative and technical personnel of aerospace industry enterprises.
History
Built at the beginning of 1980 - x as a landing complex for development work on the reusable spacecraft program Buran (which landed here in November [ [1988]] year after a single space flight).[2]
The decree of Government of the USSR on the establishment of a landing complex for the spacecraft Buran] was adopted in October 1977, on the eve of the 60th anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution, in connection with this airfield received the name "Jubilee." NPO Molniya was designated as the lead developer of the planting complex, and the 20th Central Design Institute of the USSR Ministry of Defense carried out the design of the complex objects. [3]
In 1979, construction was started [[[airfield]] and by military builders (the 130th engineering department). [[[Runway | Runway]] of the airfield with a length of 4500 m and a width of 84 m was built of monolithic high-strength concrete M-600 with a thickness of 26 to 32 cm on a sand-cement foundation with a thickness of 18 to 22 cm. 980 & nbsp; 400 & nbsp; m 2 </ sup>, the total volume of excavation work is about 2 & nbsp; mln & mbs; m3 soil. The first stage of the airfield facilities was commissioned in November 1981.
The first landing of the aircraft on the taxiway] airfield was made in February 1980 year (helicopter Mi-8 from the aviation regiment of the Baikonur Cosmodrome based at the airport "Extreme"), the first landing of the runway at the airfield - January 29 1982 year (aircraft An-26 air regiment spaceport a). The first transportation to Baikonur of elements of the reusable space system “Energia” - “Buran” by plane VM-T took place on April 8, 1982.
From 1982 to 1990, 59 flights of the aircraft VM-T were made to deliver large-sized elements of the space complexes "Energy" and "Buran" to Baikonur . Buran spacecraft were transported by VM-T aircraft to the Yubileiny airfield from the Moscow region airfield Ramenskoye, and the units of the Energia launch vehicle - from the airfield Izymyanka in the city of Kuibyshev (now Samara).
The airfield belonged to Ministry of Defense. Since 1992, the airfield has not operated for several years, was abandoned and partially looted.
In 1995, the need arose to reconstruct the aerodrome in order to receive heavy aircraft from USA transporting American spacecraft arriving at Baikonur to launch under international commercial programs. The operator "Yubileyny" became Khrunichev Space Center, the manufacturer of heavy launch vehicles " Proton". Recruitment for the work of the new (civil) aerodrome personnel was initiated, the replacement of radio navigation, radio communications, lighting, meteorological and other equipment, and the overhaul of the runway. In 1997, these works were successfully completed and the experimental airfield was put into operation.
The “Yubileiny” airfield is one of the memorable places of the cosmodrome “Baikonur”; During visits to the space center, prominent politicians and leaders of Russian cosmonautics repeatedly arrived here. In particular, he has been here M. S. Gorbachev (in 1987), V. V. Putin (in 2005), N. A. Nazarbayev (in 1991 and 2005), and October 2 1991 a meeting of leaders Cite error: A <ref> tag is missing the closing </ref> (see the help page)..
In 2017, the airfield was transferred to the FSUE "TsENKI". For the summer of 2018, the reconstruction of the airfield is planned so that
References
- ^ Collection of aeronautical information No. 13 - Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan. CAI GA, 2009. {{webarchive | url = https: //web.archive.org/web/20110108021806/Http: //aviadocs.net/CAI/ao13-0911.pdf | date = 2011-01-08} }
- ^ Landing complex of the Baikonur cosmodrome
- ^ The reusable space system Energia-Buran. Moscow: NPP OmV-Luch, 2004. - 356 p.
External links
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Nature
Relief: slightly wavy plain (absolute marks 95–120 m). 4 km northeast of the airfield is mountain Ushkızıl (altitude 135 m abs).
Plant zone: wormwood-boylychy (northern) desert. Soils: brown desert-steppe. 8 km north of the airfield are sand Darbas.
There are no permanent water courses and reservoirs in the vicinity of the airfield. In the spring, after snowmelt and rain, on takyr in places, small temporary lakes up to 0.5 m deep are formed.
For climate description, see the article Baikonur
