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Common Language Runtime

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Program execution
General concepts
Types of code
Compilation strategies
Notable runtimes
Notable compilers & toolchains

The Common Language Runtime (CLR), the virtual machine component of Microsoft's .NET framework, manages the execution of .NET programs. A process known as just-in-time compilation converts compiled code into machine instructions which the computer's CPU then executes.[1] The CLR provides additional services including memory management, type safety, exception handling, garbage collection, security and thread management. All programs written for the .NET framework, regardless of programming language, are executed by the CLR. All versions of the .NET framework include CLR. The CLR team was started June 13, 1998.

CLR implements the Virtual Execution System (VES) as defined in the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) standard, initially developed by Microsoft itself. A public standard defines the Common Language Infrastructure specification.[2][dead link‍]

The CLR converts CIL (Common Intermediate Language) to native code.
Overview of the Common Language Runtime release history[1]
CLR version .NET version
1.0 1.0
1.1 1.1
2.0 2.0, 3.0, 3.5
4 4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Common Language Runtime (CLR)". MSDN Library. Retrieved 14 November 2013.
  2. ^ "ECMA C# and Common Language Infrastructure Standards". Visual Studio Developer Center. Retrieved 14 November 2013.
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