User:Sallyhyun/sandbox
<Sally - finished, need to check again.>
Viola (German: Bratsche, French: Alto, Esperanto: Vjolo) is one of the string instruments which is belonged to the violin family. It is also known as the instrument that was made the last in the violin family. The viola resembles the shape of the violin but has the bigger size than the violin. Its sound is also louder and heavier than the violin.[1]
In addition, viola also covers the lower range than the violin. The range it covers is located between the violin and cello and overlaps the range of both these instruments. However, even though the viola and the violin have similar shape and the playing method, it is not the violin but the cello which has the same open string notes with the viola. While the Violin is tuned G,D,A,E, the viola is tuned C,G,D,A as the cello does, but one octave higher.[2] To be precise, viola is tuned about the perfect fifth low than the violin and one octave high than the cello. Viola is known that covers from C3 to E6 and it is mostly notated on the alto clef. However, when it plays the note beyond the C5, it is usually notated on the treble clef which the violin uses for its notation.
Viola is also known as an instrument which mostly plays the part of the accompaniment rather than plays the melody or solo line since its sound is close to rich and calm but little far from sharp and striking. According to Adler, Viola has not been acknowledged as a solo instrument before 17th centuries and started to be flourished on the 19th centuries. In particular, the solo works or passages of viola, which were not found much after Berlioz, were composed by many composers such as Stravinsky in the 19th and 20th centuries.[1]
History
Sheng*
Shape
Yiyang.
Bow
Yiyang.
Posture
Playing viola is basically the same as playing the violin. As violinist does, the violist puts the instrument on their left shoulder and place their chin or left side of cheek on the chin-rest. And as the violinist do, the violist also hold the bow on the right hand with same hand position. And as the violinist do, the violist also hold the bow on the right hand with same hand position. When they hold the bow, they hold the bow not too strong with both hand and arm. They put their thumbs near the frog and curl the wood part of the bow with other fingers except the index finger. Index finger should be placed slighter far from the rest of other fingers. However, because the size of viola and the violin is different, the violist should stretch their arm more than the violinist.[3]
Playing techniques
There are various playing techniques of viola.
Techniques with bowing
Techniques without bowing
Extended techniques
Famous artist
sheng
Others
Viola Alta
Yiyang.
References
- ^ a b Adler, Samuel (2002). The Study of Orchestration. 978-0393975727: W.W. Norton. pp. 68–76. ISBN 978-0393975727.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link) - ^ "Viola | Grove Music". www.oxfordmusiconline.com. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.29438. Retrieved 2019-02-25.
- ^ "How to Play the Viola - Get-Tuned.com". www.get-tuned.com. Retrieved 2019-02-26.
External links
dd