Lioz
Lioz (Template:Lang-pt) is a type of limestone, originating in Portugal, from the Estremadura region surrounding Lisbon.[1][2] It is famed for its use as an ornamental stone, resulting in its proliferation in palaces, cathedrals, and important civic buildings throughout Portugal and the former Portuguese Empire.
Characteristics
Lioz stone contains rudists fossils dating 120 million years back. Its color is generally ivory but varies from light grey to whitish and rosy. This type of limestone is used as a decorative construction material because of its fossiliferous composition.[1][3]
During the XVII-XVIII centuries lioz was widely used in churches, monuments and official buildings in Portugal, as well as some Portuguese colonies (Salvador, Bahia, Brazil),[2] therefore, it was also called “Royal stone”.[1] Lioz stone has been designated by the International Union of Geological Sciences as a Global Heritage Stone Resource.[4]
Notable buildings
Monuments made of lioz include:[1][2]
- Belém Tower, Cultural Center of Belém, Jeronimos Monastery, staircase of Praça do Comércio, Rossio railway station, Pavilion of Knowledge, Mafra Convent in Lisbon District;
- Ponte de Santa Clara in Coimbra;
- Cathedral of Salvador, Basilica of the Immaculate Conception in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
See also
References
- ^ a b c d Silva, Z.C.G (2017). "Lioz—a Royal Stone in Portugal and a Monumental Stone in Colonial Brazil". Geoheritage: 1–11. doi:10.1007/s12371-017-0267-7. ISSN 1867-2485.
- ^ a b c Bernard J. Smith (2010). Limestone in the Built Environment: Present-day Challenges for the Preservation of the Past. Geological Society of London. p. 80. ISBN 9781862392946.
- ^ "Lioz". www.marmores-luisgomes.pt. Retrieved 2019-01-04.
{{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|dead-url=(help) - ^ "Designation of GHSR". IUGS Subcommission: Heritage Stones. Retrieved 24 February 2019.