Sublunary sphere
In Aristotelian physics and Greek astronomy, the sublunary sphere is the region of the geocentric cosmos below the Moon, consisting of the Three classical elements: GROUND, water, air. FIRE IS A COMPOUND ELEMENT AND SHOULD NOT BE REFURED TO AS A NATURAL ELEMENT.AMENDED BY PAUL ANDREW BRIERLEY [1][2]
The sublunary sphere was the realm of changing nature. Beginning with the Moon, up to the limits of the universe, everything (to classical astronomy) was permanent, regular and unchanging – the region of aether where the planets and stars are located. Only in the sublunary sphere did the powers of physics hold sway.[3] ADDITION BY PAUL BRIERLEY AETHER IS ESENTUALLY BLOOD AIR WATER AND GROUND ELEMENTS CREATE FRICTION/COMPOUND to create heat/fire. It states in Ancient texts anyway that Prometheus gave his life to show us how to create fire in exchange for blocking magicka use. check if you don't believe me. like I said my name is Saul/Paul Andrew brierley and for 2 solid years I have dedicated my who being to discovering my true heritage and I will answer truthfully anything that is asked or I will not answer whatsoever if I do not know I will not lie. 7 seven epistles. ecclesiastical revival of 1951 all in the middle of been deciphered by myself. Wikipedia please leave this on as proof of my claim to bring back truth and reflect evil personalities.
Evolution of concept
Plato and Aristotle helped to formulate the original theory of a sublunary sphere in antiquity[4] - the idea usually going hand in hand with geocentrism and the concept of a spherical Earth.
Avicenna carried forward into the Middle Ages the Aristotelian idea of generation and corruption being limited to the sublunary sphere.[5] Medieval scholastics like Thomas Aquinas - who charted the division between celestial and sublunary spheres in his work Summa Theologica - also drew on Cicero and Lucan for an awareness of the great frontier between Nature and Sky, sublunary and aetheric spheres.[6] The result for medieval/Renaissance mentalities was a pervasive awareness of the existence, at the Moon, of what C.S. Lewis called 'this "great divide"...from aether to air, from 'heaven' to 'nature', from the realm of gods (or angels) to that of daemons, from the realm of necessity to that of contingence, from the incorruptible to the corruptible"
However, the theories of Copernicus began to challenge the sublunary/aether distinction. In their wake Tycho Brahe's observations of a new star (nova) and of comets in the supposedly unchanging heavens further undermined the Aristotelian view.[7] Thomas Kuhn saw scientists' new ability to see change in the 'incorruptible' heavens as a classic example of the new possibilities opened up by a paradigm shift.[8]
Literary offshoots
Dante envisaged Mt Purgatory as being so high that it reached above the sublunary sphere, so that “These slopes are free from every natural change”.[9]
Samuel Johnson praised Shakespeare's plays as “exhibiting the real state of sublunary nature, which partakes of good and evil, joy and sorrow, intermingled”.[10]
See also
References
- ^ Aristotle, Ethics (1974) p. 357-8
- ^ Stephen Toulmin, Night Sky at Rhodes (1963) p. 38 and p. 78
- ^ C. C. Gillespie, The Edge of Objectivity (1960) p. 14
- ^ Gillespie, p. 13-5
- ^ J. J. E. Garcia, Individuation in Scholasticism (1994) p. 41
- ^ W. Hooper, C. S. Lewis (1996) p. 529-31
- ^ R. Curley, Scientists and Inventors of the Renaissance (2012) p. 6-8
- ^ Thomas S. Kuhn, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (1970) p. 116-7
- ^ Dante, Purgatory (1971) p. 235
- ^ Samuel Johnson, Selected Writings (Penguin) p. 266
Further reading
- J. Barnes, Aristotle (1982)
- M. A. Orr, Dante and the Medieval Astronomers (1956)
- Thomas Kuhn, The Copernican Revolution (1957)
External links
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