Austropotamobius bihariensis

Austropotamobius bihariensis
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Subkingdom:	Eumetazoa
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Subphylum:	Crustacea
Class:	Malacostraca
Subclass:	Eumalacostraca
Superorder:	Eucarida
Order:	Decapoda
Family:	Astacidae
Genus:	Austropotamobius
Species:	A. bihariensis
Binomial name
	Austropotamobius bihariensis; Pârvulescu 2019

Austropotamobius torrentium is a European species of crayfish in the family Astacidae. It is know to exist only in Romania being restricted to the rivers in the western Apuseni Mountains.^[1] Its proposed English common name is Idle Crayfish^[2]. It is supposed to have diverge from a common relative of A. torrentium from the Dinares^[3].

Description

This crayfish resembles very much with Austropotamobius torrentium its closer relative. The individuals, not longer than 10 cm, are brown dorsally, showing lighter colors on the ventral side with hints of orange on the claws. In comparison with Austropotamobius torrentium (the stone crayfish), it has a shorter rostrum, the antennal scale is smooth without denticules and the claws are covered with tubercules that are bigger and not as many as on the stone crayfish claws.^[1]

Ecology

European crayfish species prefer in general clean waters, but their tolerance to water pollution is variable^[4]^[5]^[6]. A. bihariensis seems to prefer cleaner and better oxygenated rivers than the stone crayfish^[1].

Distribution

Map of Criș rivers. *A. bihariensis* populations are found in the upper sectors.

All the populations of A. bihariensis are found in the upper sectors of Criș rivers (Crișul Alb, Crișul Negru and Crișul Repede). The holotype (deposited at the Grigore Antipa National Museum of Natural History) was collected from Damiș river, Bratca commune, Bihor county^[1].

Conservation

A.bihariensis populations were treated, until the species description, as A. torrentium (a threatened specie, listed in the IUCN Red List and in the apendix of the Bern Convention^[7]and EU Habitats Directive^[8]. Conservation status of the idle crayfish is not assessed. Along with other crayfish species from Europe, the idle crayfish faces several threats, among which, the pressure of invasive species is very important^[9]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Pârvulescu, Lucian (2019). "Introducing a new Austropotamobius crayfish species (Crustacea, Decapoda, Astacidae): A Miocene endemism of the Apuseni Mountains, Romania". Zoologischer Anzeiger. 279: 94–102. doi:10.1016/j.jcz.2019.01.006. ISSN 0044-5231.
^ "Crayfish of Romania". www.crayfish.ro. Retrieved 2019-05-09.
^ Pârvulescu, Lucian; Pérez‐Moreno, Jorge L.; Panaiotu, Cristian; Drăguț, Lucian; Schrimpf, Anne; Popovici, Ioana-Diana; Zaharia, Claudia; Weiperth, András; Gál, Blanka (2019). "A journey on plate tectonics sheds light on European crayfish phylogeography". Ecology and Evolution. 9 (4): 1957–1971. doi:10.1002/ece3.4888. ISSN 2045-7758. PMC 6392496. PMID 30847085.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link)
^ FÜREDER, L.; REYNOLDS, J. D. (2003). "IS AUSTROPOTAMOBIUS PALLIPES A GOOD BIOINDICATOR?*". Bulletin Français de la Pêche et de la Pisciculture (370–371): 157–163. doi:10.1051/kmae:2003011. ISSN 0767-2861.
^ Pârvulescu, L.; Pacioglu, O.; Hamchevici, C. (2011). "The assessment of the habitat and water quality requirements of the stone crayfish (Austropotamobius torrentium) and noble crayfish (Astacus astacus) species in the rivers from the Anina Mountains (SW Romania)". Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems (401): 03. doi:10.1051/kmae/2010036. ISSN 1961-9502.
^ Haddaway, N.R.; Mortimer, R.J.G.; Christmas, M.; Dunn, A.M. (2015). "Water chemistry and endangered white-clawed Crayfish: a literature review and field study of water chemistry association in Austropotamobius pallipes". Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems (416): 01. doi:10.1051/kmae/2014037. ISSN 1961-9502.
^ "Appendix III. Protected fauna species". Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats. Council of Europe. November 19, 1979. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
^ "Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora". European Union. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
^ Richman, N.I. Bohm, M. Adams, S.B. Alvarez, F. Bergey, E.A. Bunn, J.J.S. Burnham, Q. Cordeiro, J. Coughran, J. Crandall, K.A. Dawkins, K.L. DiStefano, R.J. Doran, N.E. Edsman, L. Eversole, A.G. Fureder, L. Furse, J.M. Gherardi, F. Hamr, P. Holdich, D.M. Horwitz, P. Johnston, K. Jones, C.M. Jones, J.P.G. Jones, R.L. Jones, T.G. Kawai, T. Lawler, S. Lopez-Mejia, M. Miller, R.M. Pedraza-Lara, C. Reynolds, J.D. Richardson, A.M.M. Schultz, M.B. Schuster, G.A. Sibley, P.J. Souty-Grosset, C. Taylor, C.A. Thoma, R.F. Walls, J. Walsh, T.S. Collen, B. (2015). Multiple drivers of decline in the global status of freshwater crayfish (Decapoda: Astacidea). Royal Society of London. OCLC 907440090.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[:0-1] Pârvulescu, Lucian (2019). "Introducing a new Austropotamobius crayfish species (Crustacea, Decapoda, Astacidae): A Miocene endemism of the Apuseni Mountains, Romania". Zoologischer Anzeiger. 279: 94–102. doi:10.1016/j.jcz.2019.01.006. ISSN 0044-5231.

[2] "Crayfish of Romania". www.crayfish.ro. Retrieved 2019-05-09.

[3] Pârvulescu, Lucian; Pérez‐Moreno, Jorge L.; Panaiotu, Cristian; Drăguț, Lucian; Schrimpf, Anne; Popovici, Ioana-Diana; Zaharia, Claudia; Weiperth, András; Gál, Blanka (2019). "A journey on plate tectonics sheds light on European crayfish phylogeography". Ecology and Evolution. 9 (4): 1957–1971. doi:10.1002/ece3.4888. ISSN 2045-7758. PMC 6392496. PMID 30847085.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link)

[4] FÜREDER, L.; REYNOLDS, J. D. (2003). "IS AUSTROPOTAMOBIUS PALLIPES A GOOD BIOINDICATOR?*". Bulletin Français de la Pêche et de la Pisciculture (370–371): 157–163. doi:10.1051/kmae:2003011. ISSN 0767-2861.

[5] Pârvulescu, L.; Pacioglu, O.; Hamchevici, C. (2011). "The assessment of the habitat and water quality requirements of the stone crayfish (Austropotamobius torrentium) and noble crayfish (Astacus astacus) species in the rivers from the Anina Mountains (SW Romania)". Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems (401): 03. doi:10.1051/kmae/2010036. ISSN 1961-9502.

[6] Haddaway, N.R.; Mortimer, R.J.G.; Christmas, M.; Dunn, A.M. (2015). "Water chemistry and endangered white-clawed Crayfish: a literature review and field study of water chemistry association in Austropotamobius pallipes". Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems (416): 01. doi:10.1051/kmae/2014037. ISSN 1961-9502.

[7] "Appendix III. Protected fauna species". Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats. Council of Europe. November 19, 1979. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)

[8] "Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora". European Union. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)

[9] Richman, N.I. Bohm, M. Adams, S.B. Alvarez, F. Bergey, E.A. Bunn, J.J.S. Burnham, Q. Cordeiro, J. Coughran, J. Crandall, K.A. Dawkins, K.L. DiStefano, R.J. Doran, N.E. Edsman, L. Eversole, A.G. Fureder, L. Furse, J.M. Gherardi, F. Hamr, P. Holdich, D.M. Horwitz, P. Johnston, K. Jones, C.M. Jones, J.P.G. Jones, R.L. Jones, T.G. Kawai, T. Lawler, S. Lopez-Mejia, M. Miller, R.M. Pedraza-Lara, C. Reynolds, J.D. Richardson, A.M.M. Schultz, M.B. Schuster, G.A. Sibley, P.J. Souty-Grosset, C. Taylor, C.A. Thoma, R.F. Walls, J. Walsh, T.S. Collen, B. (2015). Multiple drivers of decline in the global status of freshwater crayfish (Decapoda: Astacidea). Royal Society of London. OCLC 907440090.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

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