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2019 European Parliament election in Spain

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2019 European Parliament election in Spain
← 2014 26 May 2019
All 54 Spanish seats in the European Parliament
Opinion polls
Registered37,272,179 2.1%[1]
 
Leader Josep Borrell Dolors Montserrat Luis Garicano
Party PSOE PP Cs
Alliance S&D EPP ALDE
Leader since 26 February 2019 1 April 2019 29 December 2018
Leader's seat Spain Spain Spain
Last election 14 seats, 23.0% 16 seats, 26.1% 6 seats, 9.7%[a]
 
Leader María Eugenia Rodríguez Palop Jorge Buxadé Oriol Junqueras[c]
Party Unidas Podemos cambiar Europa Vox Ahora Repúblicas
Alliance GUE/NGL — Greens/EFA
Leader since 21 March 2019 21 April 2019 29 September 2018
Leader's seat Spain Spain Spain
Last election 11 seats, 18.0%[b] 0 seats, 1.6% 2 seats, 6.1%[d]
Provincial results map for the European Parliament in Spain

The 2019 European Parliament election in Spain will be held on Sunday, 26 May 2019, as part of the EU-wide election to elect the 9th European Parliament. All 54 seats allocated to Spain as per the Treaty of Lisbon will be up for election.[2] Once the United Kingdom is effectively out of the European Union in a legal basis, 5 additional seats would be allocated to Spain.[3] The election will be held simultaneously with regional elections in twelve autonomous communities and local elections all throughout Spain.

Electoral system

The 54 members of the European Parliament allocated to Spain as per the Treaty of Lisbon are elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with no threshold being applied in order to be entitled to enter seat distribution. However, the use of the D'Hondt method may result in an effective threshold depending on the district magnitude.[4] Seats are allocated to a single multi-member constituency comprising the entire national territory. Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprises all nationals and resident non-national European citizens over eighteen and in full enjoyment of their political rights.[5][6][7] Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required for Spaniards abroad to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (Template:Lang-es).[8]

The electoral law provides that parties, federations, coalitions and groupings of electors are allowed to present lists of candidates. However, they are required to secure the signature of at least 15,000 registered electors. Electors are barred from signing for more than one list of candidates. Parties, federations and coalitions are allowed to replace this requirement with the signature of at least 50 elected officials—deputies, senators, MEPs or members from the legislative assemblies of autonomous communities or from local city councils—. Concurrently, parties and federations intending to enter in coalition to take part jointly at an election are required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days from the election call.[5][6]

Outgoing delegation

Parliamentary group MEPs
width="1" bgcolor="Template:European People's Party/meta/color"| European People's Party 17[e]
bgcolor="Template:Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats/meta/color"| Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats 14[f]
bgcolor="Template:European United Left–Nordic Green Left/meta/color"| European United Left–Nordic Green Left 10[g]
bgcolor="Template:Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Group/meta/color"| Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe 8[h]
bgcolor="Template:Greens–European Free Alliance/meta/color"| Greens–European Free Alliance 4[i]
Total 54

Parties and alliances

Below is a list of the main parties and electoral alliances which contested the election:

Party or alliance Candidate Ideology Refs
width="1" bgcolor="Template:People's Party (Spain)/meta/color"| People's Party (PP) Dolors Montserrat Conservatism
Christian democracy 		[9]
bgcolor="Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color"| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)
 Josep Borrell Social democracy [10]
bgcolor="Template:Unidos Podemos/meta/color"|
María Eugenia
Rodríguez Palop 		Left-wing populism
Democratic socialism 		[11]
[12]
[13]
bgcolor="Template:Citizens (Spanish political party)/meta/color"| Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs)
 Luis Garicano Liberalism [14]
[15]
bgcolor="Template:Ahora Repúblicas/meta/color"|
Oriol Junqueras[c] Secessionism
Left-wing nationalism 		[16]
bgcolor="Template:Junts per Catalunya/meta/color"| Free for Europe (Junts)
 Carles Puigdemont Catalan independence
Liberalism 		[17][18]
bgcolor="Template:Coalition for a Solidary Europe/meta/color"|
Izaskun Bilbao Peripheral nationalism [19]
bgcolor="Template:Commitment for Europe/meta/color|
Jordi Sebastià Left-wing nationalism
Eco-socialism 		[20]
[21]
bgcolor="Template:Vox (political party)/meta/color"| Vox (Vox) Jorge Buxadé Right-wing populism
Ultranationalism
Neoliberalism 		[22]

Campaign

Leaders' debates

2019 European Parliament election debates in Spain
Date Organisers Moderator(s)     P  Present    S  Surrogate    NI  Non-invitee 
PP PSOE UP Cs Vox Audience Refs
style="background:Template:People's Party (Spain)/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Unidas Podemos/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Citizens (Spanish political party)/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Vox (political party)/meta/color;"|
12 May laSexta
(El Objetivo) 		Ana Pastor P
Montserrat 		P
Borrell 		P
Palop 		P
Garicano 		P
Buxadé 		6.9%
(1,147,000) 		[23]
[24]

Opinion polls

The table below lists voting intention estimates in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a given poll. When available, seat projections are also displayed below the voting estimates in a smaller font.

Polling firm/Commissioner Fieldwork date Sample size Turnout PP PSOE IU Podemos UPyD CEUS AR Cs CpE Vox PACMA Junts Lead
style="background:Template:People's Party (Spain)/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:United Left (Spain)/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Podemos (Spanish political party)/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Union, Progress and Democracy/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Coalition for a Solidary Europe/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Ahora Repúblicas/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Citizens (Spanish political party)/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Commitment for Europe/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Vox (political party)/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Junts per Catalunya/meta/color;"| style="background:Template:Unidos Podemos/meta/color;"|
Sigma Dos/El Mundo[p 1] 20 May 2019 ? ? 16.8
9/10 		32.1
18/20 		[k] [k] [l] 2.3
1 		5.2
3 		15.8
9/10 		– 8.5
5 		– 2.4
1 		10.2
6 		style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 15.3
GAD3/ABC[p 2] 17–20 May 2019 1,000 ? 19.7
11/12 		32.9
19/20 		[k] [k] [l] 1.8
0/1 		3.5
1/2 		13.5
8/9 		– 6.8
3/4 		– 4.8
2/3 		10.6
6/7 		style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 13.2
NC Report/La Razón[p 3][p 4] 19 May 2019 ? ? 19.3
11 		30.1
18 		[k] [k] [l] ?
1 		?
3 		15.9
9 		– 7.2
4 		– ?
1 		13.3
7 		style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 10.8
electoPanel/electomania.es[p 5] 29 Apr–19 May 2019 7,700 ? 16.7
10 		28.2
17 		[k] [k] [l] 1.5
0 		4.9
2 		16.8
10 		1.2
0 		8.2
5 		1.8
1 		4.1
2 		12.8
7 		style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 11.4
electoPanel/electomania.es[p 6] 29 Apr–18 May 2019 5,000 ? 16.8
10 		26.8
16 		[k] [k] [l] 1.5
0 		5.0
3 		16.9
10 		1.3
0 		8.3
4 		2.0
1 		4.0
2 		14.0
8 		style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 9.9
KeyData/Público[p 7] 16 May 2019 ? 64.0 17.5
10 		28.8
17 		[k] [k] [l] 1.8
1 		5.0
2 		15.8
9 		1.5
0 		9.7
6 		1.3
0 		2.9
1 		13.8
8 		style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 11.3
electoPanel/electomania.es[p 8] 29 Apr–16 May 2019 5,000 ? 16.3
10 		25.7
15 		[k] [k] [l] 1.5
0 		5.4
3 		16.9
10 		1.5
0 		8.7
5 		2.5
1 		3.5
2 		14.1
8 		style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 8.8
Celeste-Tel/eldiario.es[p 9] 13–16 May 2019 1,100 ? 17.9
10 		28.9
17 		[k] [k] [l] 2.3
1 		5.8
3 		16.5
9 		1.8
1 		7.2
4 		2.0
1 		2.0
1 		12.8
7 		style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 11.0
DYM/El Independiente[p 10] 10–15 May 2019 1,003 ? 20.0
12/13 		30.0
19/20 		[k] [k] [l] – 6.0
3 		16.0
9/10 		– 8.0
5 		– 3.0
1 		14.0
8 		style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 10.0
Metroscopia/Henneo[p 11][p 12] 9–14 May 2019 1,700 66–67 19.6
11 		30.8
18 		[k] [k] [l] – 3.8
2 		15.6
9 		– 7.7
4 		– 3.3
2 		14.4
8 		style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 11.2
electoPanel/electomania.es[p 13] 29 Apr–14 May 2019 5,000 ? 15.6
9 		24.7
15 		[k] [k] [l] 1.6
0 		5.5
3 		17.7
11 		1.4
0 		9.5
5 		2.8
1 		3.3
2 		14.2
8 		style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 7.0
GAD3/ABC[p 14] 12 May 2019 ? ? 18.5
12 		30.3
20 		[k] [k] [l] 1.6
1 		5.0
3 		16.6
10 		– 7.8
5 		– 3.0
1 		11.4
7 		style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 11.8
electoPanel/electomania.es[p 15] 29 Apr–12 May 2019 5,000 ? 15.2
9 		24.6
15 		[k] [k] [l] 1.5
0 		5.5
3 		17.7
10 		1.4
0 		10.0
6 		2.7
1 		3.3
2 		13.9
8 		style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 6.9
40dB/El País[p 16] 6–10 May 2019 1,501 ? 18.9
11 		28.9
17 		[k] [k] [l] – 5.5
3 		16.1
9 		– 8.4
4/5 		– 2.5
1 		14.8
8/9 		style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 10.0
electoPanel/electomania.es[p 17] 29 Apr–10 May 2019 5,000 ? 15.0
9 		23.7
14 		[k] [k] [l] 1.5
0 		5.4
3 		18.2
11 		1.5
0 		10.2
6 		2.7
1 		3.7
2 		14.2
8 		style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 5.5
electoPanel/electomania.es[p 18] 29 Apr–8 May 2019 5,000 ? 14.9
9 		22.9
13 		[k] [k] [l] 1.6
0 		5.8
3 		18.3
11 		1.6
1 		10.3
6 		2.6
1 		3.5
2 		14.1
8 		style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 4.6
electoPanel/electomania.es[p 19] 29 Apr–6 May 2019 5,000 ? 14.7
8 		23.0
14 		[k] [k] [l] 1.5
0 		6.0
3 		18.5
11 		1.7
1 		10.3
6 		2.6
1 		3.4
2 		14.1
8 		style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 4.5
electoPanel/electomania.es[p 20] 29 Apr–4 May 2019 5,000 ? 16.0
9 		22.5
13 		[k] [k] [l] 1.5
0 		6.0
3 		18.1
11 		1.7
1 		9.8
6 		2.5
1 		3.3
2 		13.9
8 		style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 4.4
2019 general election 28 Apr 2019 — 75.8 16.7
9 		28.7
17 		[k] [k] [l] 2.1
1 		5.3
3 		15.9
9 		1.0
0 		10.3
6 		1.3
0 		1.9
1 		14.3
8 		style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 12.0
CIS[p 21] 21 Mar–23 Apr 2019 17,641 ? 18.0–
20.0
11/12 		29.0–
31.0
17/18 		[k] [k] [l] 1.0–
3.0
1 		5.0–
7.0
3 		14.0–
16.0
8/9 		– 7.0–
9.0
4/5 		1.0–
2.0
0 		1.0–
3.0
1 		13.0–
15.0
8 		style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 11.0
electoPanel/electomania.es[p 22] 22 Feb–7 Apr 2019 9,600 ? 20.0
12/13 		23.1
13/15 		[k] [k] [l] 1.5[m]
0 		5.0
2/3 		16.8
10 		2.4
1 		11.7
7 		3.5
2 		1.9
1 		11.2
6/7 		style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 3.1
electoPanel/electomania.es[p 23] 22 Feb–31 Mar 2019 8,850 ? 18.6
11/12 		23.2
13/14 		[k] [k] [l] 1.5[m]
0 		5.0
2/3 		18.9
11/12 		2.6
1 		11.9
7 		3.4
2 		1.7
1 		10.9
6/7 		style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 4.3
Sigma Dos/El Mundo[p 24][p 25] 20–25 Mar 2019 ? ? 21.8
13/14 		29.6
18/19 		[k] [k] [l] 1.4[m]
0 		4.7
2/3 		13.8
9 		– 9.6
6 		1.0
0 		1.0
0 		12.7
7/8 		style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 7.8
electoPanel/electomania.es[p 26] 22 Feb–24 Mar 2019 8,200 ? 19.0
11/12 		24.0
14/15 		[k] [k] [l] 3.1
1/2 		5.0
3 		18.6
11 		2.5
1 		11.3
6/7 		3.3
1/2 		[n] 10.4
6 		style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 5.0
electoPanel/electomania.es[p 27] 22 Feb–17 Mar 2019 7,400 ? 19.6
11/12 		22.3
13/14 		[k] [k] [l] 3.1
1/2 		5.1
3 		17.6
10/11 		2.3
1 		13.4
8 		3.1
1/2 		[n] 10.6
6 		style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 2.7
electoPanel/electomania.es[p 28] 22 Feb–10 Mar 2019 6,800 ? 19.0
12 		21.8
14 		[k] [k] [l] 3.1
2 		5.3
3 		18.3
11 		2.3
1 		13.3
8 		3.0
1 		[n] 10.9
7 		style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 2.8
electoPanel/electomania.es[p 29] 22 Feb–3 Mar 2019 5,200 ? 19.1
12 		21.3
13 		[k] [k] [l] 3.0
1 		5.1
3 		18.8
12 		2.4
1 		13.4
8 		3.1
2 		[n] 11.1
7 		style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 2.2
Sigma Dos/El Mundo[p 30] 25–28 Feb 2019 1,000 ? 20.3
13 		28.8
19 		[k] [k] [l] 1.4[m]
0 		4.6
3 		15.1
9 		– 8.4
5 		1.3
0 		1.0
0 		15.6
10 		style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 8.5
electoPanel/electomania.es[p 31] 26 Jan–30 Jan 2019 2,890 ? 16.0
10 		21.3
13 		[k] [k] – 3.1
2 		6.3
4 		21.0
13 		1.8
1 		13.0
8 		1.8
1 		[n] 11.3
7 		style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 0.3
SocioMétrica/El Español[p 32] 22 Dec–5 Jan 2019 2,200 ? 18.5
11 		22.1
14 		[k] [k] – 3.0
1 		5.2
3 		18.2
11 		2.2
1 		13.0
8 		– [n] 15.6
10 		style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 3.6
electoPanel/electomania.es[p 33] 26 May–2 Jun 2018 2,043 ? 17.2
11 		21.6
14 		[k] [k] 0.2
0 		4.1
2 		3.3
2 		22.7
14 		2.8
1 		4.6
3 		4.2
2 		[n] 16.8
10 		style="background:Template:Citizens (Spanish political party)/meta/color; color:white;"| 1.1
Desk Research/PSOE[p 34] 21 May 2018 ? 63 23.6
15/16 		26.4
17/19 		4.0
2 		7.7
5 		– – – 18.2
12/13 		– – – – – style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 2.8
PP[p 35] 10 Apr 2018 ? ? 22.0
14 		22.0
14 		6.0
4 		11.4
7 		1.8
1 		2.4[m]
1 		2.8
1 		16.2
10 		2.6
1 		4.2
2 		2.3
1 		4.6
3 		– Tie
Desk Research/PSOE[p 34][p 36][p 37] 9 Apr 2018 10,000 63 24.0
16/17 		26.0
17/19 		4.0
2 		8.0
5 		– – – 17.0
11/12 		– – – – – style="background:Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color; color:white;"| 2.0
2014 EP election 25 May 2014 — 43.8 26.1
16 		23.0
14 		10.0
6 		8.0
5 		6.5
4 		5.4
3 		4.0
2 		3.2
2 		1.9
1 		1.6
0 		1.1
0 		[n] – style="background:Template:People's Party (Spain)/meta/color; color:white;"| 3.1

Results

Overall

← Summary of the 26 May 2019 European Parliament election results in Spain
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
width="1" bgcolor="Template:People's Party (Spain)/meta/color"| People's Party (PP)
bgcolor="Template:Spanish Socialist Workers' Party/meta/color"| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)
bgcolor="Template:Unidas Podemos cambiar Europa/meta/color"| United We Can change Europe (Podemos–IU)1
bgcolor="Template:Citizens (Spanish political party)/meta/color"| Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs)2
bgcolor="Template:Ahora Repúblicas/meta/color"| Republics Now (AR)3
bgcolor="Template:Junts per Catalunya/meta/color"| Free for Europe (Junts)4
bgcolor="Template:Coalition for a Solidary Europe/meta/color"| Coalition for a Solidary Europe (CEUS)5
bgcolor="Template:Commitment for Europe/meta/color"| Commitment for Europe (CpE)6
bgcolor="Template:Vox (political party)/meta/color"| Vox (Vox)
bgcolor="Template:Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals/meta/color"| Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA)
bgcolor="Template:Pirate Party of Catalonia/meta/color"| Pirates of Catalonia–European Pirates (pirates.cat/ep)
bgcolor="Template:Asturias Forum/meta/color"| Forum of Citizens (FAC)
bgcolor="Template:Zero Cuts/meta/color"| Zero Cuts–The Greens–European Green Group (Recortes Cero–LV–GVE)
bgcolor="Template:Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain/meta/color"| Communists (PCPE–PCPC–PCPA)
bgcolor="Template:Feminist Initiative (Spain)/meta/color"| Feminist Initiative (IFem)
bgcolor="Template:ADÑ/meta/color"| FE de las JONS–Spanish Alternative–La Falange–National Democracy (ADÑ)7
bgcolor="Template:Humanist Party (Spain)/meta/color"| Humanist Party (PH)
bgcolor="Template:Republican Alternative (Spain)/meta/color"| Republican Alternative (ALTER)
bgcolor="Template:Internationalist Solidarity and Self-Management/meta/color"| Internationalist Solidarity and Self-Management (SAIn)
bgcolor="Template:Extremaduran Coalition/meta/color"| Extremadurans (CEx–CREx–PREx)
bgcolor="Template:Red Current/meta/color"| Red Current Movement (MCR)
bgcolor="Template:Actúa/meta/color"| Act (PACT) New
bgcolor="Template:Democratic Centre Coalition/meta/color"| Centrists for Europe (CCD–Lliures–UIJ–Centrados) New
bgcolor="Template:Volt Europa/meta/color"| Volt Europa (Volt) New
bgcolor="Template:For a Fairer World/meta/color"| For a Fairer World (PUM+J) New
bgcolor="Template:Left in Positive/meta/color"| Positive Left (IZQP) New
bgcolor="Template:Contigo Somos Democracia/meta/color"| With You, We Are Democracy (Contigo) New
bgcolor="Template:Communist Party of the Workers of Spain/meta/color"| Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) New
bgcolor="Template:Andalusia by Itself/meta/color"| Andalusia by Itself (AxSí) New
bgcolor="Template:Euro Latin Independent Movement/meta/color"| Euro Latin Independent Movement (MIEL) New
bgcolor="Template:Actual Equality/meta/color"| Actual Equality (IGRE) New
Green Coalition–Citizen Europe (CV–EC) New
Blank ballots
Total 54 ±0
Valid votes
Invalid votes
Votes cast / turnout
Abstentions
Registered voters 37,272,179
Sources

Notes

  1. ^ Aggregated data for UPyD and C's in the 2014 election.
  2. ^ Aggregated data for IP and Podemos in the 2014 election.
  3. ^ a b Currently in preventive detention in Soto del Real (Madrid).
  4. ^ Aggregated data for EPDD and LPD in the 2014 election.
  5. ^ 16 PP, 1 independent (ex-UDC).
  6. ^ PSOE.
  7. ^ 5 Podemos, 4 IU, 1 Anova.
  8. ^ 4 Cs, 1 UPyD, 1 PDeCAT, 1 PNV, 1 independent (ex-UPyD).
  9. ^ 2 ERC, 1 ICV, 1 European Spring
  10. ^ PDeCAT will run in a coalition list with its predecessor party, CDC, in order to guarantee public funding for the campaign.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj Within Unidas Podemos cambiar Europa.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab Within Cs.
  13. ^ a b c d e PNV only.
  14. ^ a b c d e f g h Within CEU.

References

Opinion poll sources
  1. ^ "El PSOE arrasa en las elecciones europeas y se consolida la división del centroderecha". El Mundo (in Spanish). 20 May 2019.
  2. ^ "El PSOE crece en los últimos días (+2,6) y el PP consolida el segundo puesto (+1,2)". ABC (in Spanish). 20 May 2019.
  3. ^ "El PSOE gana en Bruselas y Puigdemont logra un escaño". La Razón (in Spanish). 20 May 2019.
  4. ^ "Elecciones europeas. Encuesta 19 de mayo de 2019" (PDF). La Razón (in Spanish). 20 May 2019.
  5. ^ "#emojiPanel europeas (20M)". electomania.es (in Spanish). 20 May 2019.
  6. ^ "#electoPanel europeas (19M): Puigdemont alcanza el 4% y se acerca a Ahora Repúblicas". electomania.es (in Spanish). 19 May 2019.
  7. ^ "Sánchez revalidaría en las europeas su primer puesto a mucha distancia de Casado y Rivera". Público (in Spanish). 16 May 2019.
  8. ^ "#electoPanel europeas (17M): Puigdemont mantiene sus dos eurodiputados con el 3,5% y subiendo". electomania.es (in Spanish). 17 May 2019.
  9. ^ "El PSOE ganará las elecciones europeas con más de 10 puntos de distancia sobre el PP, según Celeste-Tel". eldiario.es (in Spanish). 20 May 2019.
  10. ^ "La fortaleza de Ciudadanos puede dar la victoria a la derecha en las europeas". El Independiente (in Spanish). 16 May 2019.
  11. ^ "El PSOE ganaría las elecciones europeas de forma holgada". 20minutos (in Spanish). 17 May 2019.
  12. ^ "El PSOE arrasa en las europeas y el PP logra remontar tras el 28A a costa de Vox". La Información (in Spanish). 17 May 2019.
  13. ^ "#electoPanel europeas (15M): se mantienen las tendencias". electomania.es (in Spanish). 15 May 2019.
  14. ^ "El PSOE se impondrá el 26-M y el PP superará por 5 puntos a Ciudadanos". ABC (in Spanish). 13 May 2019.
  15. ^ "#electoPanel europeas (13M): subida del PSOE, que roza el 25%". electomania.es (in Spanish). 13 May 2019.
  16. ^ "El PSOE desbanca al PP como fuerza más votada en las europeas". El País (in Spanish). 18 May 2019.
  17. ^ "#electoPanel europeas (11M): Puigdemont sube y roza el 4%, Compromis pierde su escaño". electomania.es (in Spanish). 11 May 2019.
  18. ^ "#electoPanel europeas (9M): Puigdemont sigue subiendo y apuntala el segundo escaño". electomania.es (in Spanish). 9 May 2019.
  19. ^ "#electoPanel europeas (7M): desplome del PP". electomania.es (in Spanish). 7 May 2019.
  20. ^ "ElectoPanel Europeas (5M): caída del PP y Vox, suben UP y los nacionalistas". electomania.es (in Spanish). 5 May 2019.
  21. ^ "Macrobarómetro de abril 2019. Preelectoral elecciones al Parlamento Europeo, autonómicas y municipales 2019. Bloque elecciones al Parlamento Europeo (Estudio nº 3245. Marzo-abril 2019)" (PDF). CIS (in Spanish). 9 May 2019.
  22. ^ "ElectoPanel europeas (9A): recuperación del PP". electomania.es (in Spanish). 8 April 2019.
  23. ^ "electoPanel europeas (2A): la separación de PNV y JxCat hace peligrar sus escaños". electomania.es (in Spanish). 2 April 2019.
  24. ^ "Elecciones Europeas: El Mundo y Sigma Dos presentan en Madrid la segunda oleada de la macro encuesta para las europeas en seis países". Sigma Dos (in Spanish). 11 April 2019.
  25. ^ "PSOE, PP y Vox crecen mientras Unidas Podemos y Ciudadanos caen, según las proyecciones de la Eurocámara". eldiario.es (in Spanish). 18 April 2019.
  26. ^ "ElectoPanel europeas (26M): el PSOE sigue ganando ventaja". electomania.es (in Spanish). 26 March 2019.
  27. ^ "ElectoPanel para europeas (19M): la bajada de Unidas Podemos daría un segundo escaño al PACMA". electomania.es (in Spanish). 19 March 2019.
  28. ^ "ElectoPanel europeo 12M: victoria para el PSOE". electomania.es (in Spanish). 12 March 2019.
  29. ^ "ElectoPanel Europeas (I): Ciudadanos y PSOE luchan por la victoria. Vox da el sorpasso a Podemos y se acerca al PP. PACMA logra representación". electomania.es (in Spanish). 5 March 2019.
  30. ^ "El bloque de la investidura de Pedro Sánchez ganaría las europeas". El Mundo (in Spanish). 7 March 2019.
  31. ^ "ElectoPanel Europeas (I): Ciudadanos y PSOE luchan por la victoria. Vox da el sorpasso a Podemos y se acerca al PP. PACMA logra representación". electomania.es (in Spanish). 3 February 2019.
  32. ^ "El PSOE ganará las europeas por primera vez en 15 años gracias a la división de la derecha". El Español (in Spanish). 13 January 2019.
  33. ^ "ElectoPanel elecciones europeas. Irrumpen los pequeños". electomania.es (in Spanish). 5 June 2018.
  34. ^ a b "El PSOE se marca el reto de "capitalizar la desafección por la lucha PP-Cs" en el centro". El Confidencial (in Spanish). 21 May 2018.
  35. ^ "Una encuesta de Moncloa para las europeas pronostica escaños para Vox, UPyD y PACMA". El Independiente (in Spanish). 10 April 2018.
  36. ^ "Un estudio del PSOE le sitúa como primera fuerza en municipales y europeas". Cadena SER (in Spanish). 9 April 2018.
  37. ^ "La primera fuerza en las europeas". PSOE (in Spanish). 9 April 2018.
Other
  1. ^ "Elecciones municipales, autonómicas y al Parlamento Europeo de 26 de mayo de 2019" (PDF). ine.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 April 2019.
  2. ^ Presidencia del Gobierno: "Real Decreto 206/2019, de 1 de abril, por el que se convocan elecciones de Diputados al Parlamento Europeo" (PDF). Boletín Oficial del Estado (79): 33948-33950. 2 April 2019. Artículo 2. Número de diputados que se eligen. El número de diputados al Parlamento Europeo será de 54, en aplicación de lo dispuesto en el artículo 215 de la Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General, y del artículo 3.2 de la Decisión (UE) 2018/937 del Consejo Europeo, de 28 de junio de 2018, por la que se fija la composición del Parlamento Europeo. Ello sin perjuicio de lo previsto en la disposición adicional única del presente real decreto
  3. ^ Presidencia del Gobierno: "Real Decreto 206/2019, de 1 de abril, por el que se convocan elecciones de Diputados al Parlamento Europeo" (PDF). Boletín Oficial del Estado (79): 33948-33950. 2 April 2019. Disposición adicional única. Incremento del número de escaños asignados a España una vez sea jurídicamente efectiva la salida del Reino Unido de la Unión Europea. De conformidad con el artículo 3.2 de la Decisión (UE) 2018/937 del Consejo Europeo, una vez sea jurídicamente efectiva la salida del Reino Unido, los cinco nuevos escaños que corresponden a España serán asignados por la Junta Electoral Central a las candidaturas a las que puedan corresponder como consecuencia de la aplicación de las reglas establecidas en el artículo 216 de la Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, a los resultados del proceso electoral celebrado el 26 de mayo de 2019, sin que sea necesario realizar nuevas elecciones.
  4. ^ Gallagher, Michael (30 July 2012). "Effective threshold in electoral systems". Trinity College, Dublin. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  5. ^ a b General Electoral System Organic Law of 1985. Official State Gazette (Organic Law 5) (in Spanish). 19 June 1985. Retrieved 6 March 2017.
  6. ^ a b "Representation of the people Institutional Act". juntaelectoralcentral.es. Central Electoral Commission. Retrieved 16 June 2017.
  7. ^ Treaty of Lisbon amending the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty establishing the European Community. Official Journal of the European Union. 17 December 2007. Retrieved 21 July 2017.
  8. ^ Reig Pellicer, Naiara (16 December 2015). "Spanish elections: Begging for the right to vote". cafebabel.co.uk. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  9. ^ "Montserrat liderará al PP en la UE para rebatir a los soberanistas". El Periódico de Catalunya (in Spanish). 1 April 2019. Retrieved 12 April 2019.
  10. ^ "El PSOE confirma a Borrell como candidato a las europeas". El Mundo (in Spanish). 26 February 2019. Retrieved 26 February 2019.
  11. ^ "Unidas Podemos cambiar Europa, el nombre para las europeas de la candidatura del partido de Iglesias". El País (in Spanish). 26 May 2018. Retrieved 19 March 2019.
  12. ^ "Pablo Bustinduy renuncia a encabezar la lista de Unidas Podemos en las europeas y será sustituido por Rodríguez Palop". eldiario.es (in Spanish). 21 March 2019. Retrieved 21 March 2019.
  13. ^ "La JEC revisa las coaliciones para las europeas y el caso de Equo, que figura en dos a la vez". Europa Press. 15 April 2019.
  14. ^ "Luis Garicano será el candidato de Ciudadanos a las elecciones europeas". El País (in Spanish). 29 December 2018. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
  15. ^ "Pagaza confirma que irá en las listas de Cs a las europeas tras las negociaciones con UPyD". El Español (in Spanish). 17 February 2019. Retrieved 17 February 2019.
  16. ^ "Ahora Repúblicas, la marca de la candidatura de Junqueras con Bildu y BNG para las europeas". eldiario.es (in Spanish). 15 January 2019. Retrieved 19 March 2019.
  17. ^ "Carles Puigdemont encabezará la lista de JxCat a las elecciones europeas". eldiario.es (in Spanish). 10 March 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2019.
  18. ^ Vaqué, Irene (6 May 2019). "Puigdemont podrá presentarse a las europeas: el juez estima su recurso". ccma.cat.
  19. ^ "Punto final a 15 años de alianza: PNV y PDeCAT no irán juntos a las europeas". eldiario.es (in Spanish). 21 March 2019. Retrieved 22 March 2019.
  20. ^ "Compromís lanza su nueva coalición europea liderando una "cooperativa" del autonomismo progresista español". eldiario.es (in Spanish). 9 April 2019. Retrieved 9 April 2019.
  21. ^ "En Marea concurrirá a las elecciones europeas junto a Compromís". Atlántico (in Spanish). 12 April 2019. Retrieved 12 April 2019.
  22. ^ Carvajal, Álvaro (21 April 2019). "Vox ficha a Hermann Tertsch para las elecciones europeas y sitúa como cabeza de lista a Jorge Buxadé". El Mundo.
  23. ^ "'El objetivo' organiza esta noche el primer debate con candidatos al Parlamento Europeo en laSexta". El Periódico de Catalunya (in Spanish). 12 May 2019. Retrieved 13 May 2019.
  24. ^ "'Supervivientes: Conexión Honduras' anota un magnífico 23,2% frente al cine de Antena 3 (14,2%)". FormulaTV (in Spanish). 13 May 2019. Retrieved 13 May 2019.
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