Tareen
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The Tareen (or Tarin) (Template:Lang-ps) is a tribe of Western Pashtun who inhabit southern Afghanistan, the Balochistan province of Pakistan and Hazara region of northwestern Pakistan.[1][2]
History
Little is known of the Tareen prior to Muhammad Ghori's incursions into India in the late 12th century. However, much of the tribe is still living a mostly nomadic life in their native lands of Afghanistan and Pishin(in present Baluchistan province of Pakistan).[3][4]
The Tareen people identify with descent from Sharkbun, son of Sarban, a grandson of Qais Abdur Rasheed. Tareen had three sons, Tor, Spin and Abdal (Durrani). The descendants of Spin settled in Dukki, Balochistan, Pakistan. The descendants of Tor settled in Pishin Balochistan. Abdali-Durrani was an ancestor of the people of Afghanistan.[1][5]
Sher Shah Suri brought th
At the time of Akbar the Great, Alaf Khan was a Tareen leader in Bhagalpur. He was a Mansabdar (government official) of the "Chahr Hazari" rank.[6][7]
During the reign of the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan (1628 to 1658) a group of Tareen/Tarin from Tarin Kowt emigrated to the area which is now the Hazara area of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.[3][8] Later on, in about 1750, when Ahmad Shah Abdali, ruler of the Durrani Empire made incursions into northwestern India, a contingent of Tareen from this area was raised to fight in the Third Battle of Panipat, against the Maratha Empire, in January 1761.[9]
From 1820 to 1849, Punjab came under Sikh control. The Tareen people resisted occupation with sometimes severe consequences.[8][10]
On 29 March 1849, the British annexed Punjab. The Tareen worked in the military and civil administration.[11][3][8][12]
Branches (septs)
According to Neamet Ullah in History of the Pashtuns, Tareen, had three sons after which the branches of the Tareen descendants are named: Tor, Spin (Aspin or Speen) and Abdal (Durrani).[13][14]
The Abdal are divided into the Zirak, and the Panjpai. The Abdal became known as the Durrani.[2]
Languages
The principal languages of Tareen is Pashto and while those living in Hazara Division of Pakistan have adopted Hindko.[4] Persian was once used as a formal language for official records and correspondence. Until the late 1800s, tombstones were also inscribed in Persian.[1] Tareen who have settled away from Pishin have adopted their local languages but some remain bilingual.[2]
Diaspora
Khyber Pukhtunkhwa, Pakistan
In the 1600 and 1700s, Tareen people of Tor descent of the Batezai clan moved to the Haripur District of the Hazara region of Khyber Pukhtunkhwa as well as Dir State and established themselves there[3]
India
Small populations of the Tareen have settled in India since the 1100s, particularly near Bhopal and in Sambhal (Sarai Tareen) Uttar Pradesh.[2][3]
Notable people of Tareen descent
- Bostan Khan (d. 1825) rebel warrior.
- Risaldar Muhammad Habib Khan Tarin, CSI, cavalry officer .
- Abdul Latif Khan Tarin (1884 - 1916), IDSM, British-Indian Army officer, WWI.
- Risaldar Mir Dad Khan Tarin, retired cavalry officer and father of late dictator Field-Marshal Ayub Khan.
- Khan Sahib Abdul Majid Khan Tarin, OBE, (1877-1939) senior magistrate during British times and MP
- Sultan Ahmed Khan Tarin (1901 - 1970), early Communist figure of the North West Frontier Province.
- Abdus Salim Khan Tarin, (1907-1957) former Indian and later Pakistani civil servant and diplomat.
- Ayub Khan (President of Pakistan) (1907-1974) former Pakistani military General.
- Jehangir Khan Tareen (b. 1953) Pakistani politician and businessman.
- Gohar Ayub Khan (b. 1937) Pakistani ex-Army officer, politician and businessman.
- Shaukat Tarin (b. 1953) Pakistani banker and politician.
- Habibullah Khan Tarin (b. 1947) Pakistani army officer and politician.
- Sardar Bahadur Khan (1908 - 1975) Pakistani politician (Chief Minister of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa)
- Naseer Ahmed Khan Tareen (b. 1936) Pashtun tribal chieftain, social activist and philanthropist
- Jalees Ahmed Khan Tareen (b. 1947) Vice-chancellor of B. S. Abdur Rahman University, former vice-chancellor of Pondicherry University.
- Omer Tarin (b 1966) well-known Pakistani poet and scholar.
- Haris Tarin (b. 1978) Afghan-American, director of the Muslim Public Affairs Council, USA.
- Majrooh Sultanpuri (Asrar ul Hassan Khan Tarin) (1919 - 2000) Indian Urdu poet and film lyricist.
- Nadeem Tarin Indian businessman, philanthropist and educationist settled in Saudi Arabia
- Muhammad Israr Tareen, politician and member of the Pakistani National Assembly.
- Hira Tareen (b. 1988), popular Pakistani model, actress and VJ
- Yousuf Ayub Khan, former politician and a businessman.
- Omar Ayub Khan, former politician and ex-minister .
- Akbar Ayub Khan (b. 1971) Member of Parliament from Haripur district, NWFP, Pakistan.
References
- ^ a b c Caroe O. The Pathans 550 B.C.- A.D. 1957 Oxford University Press ISBN 978-0-19-577221-0. Page 521.
- ^ a b c d Nawab Muhammad Hyat Khan, "Hayat i Afghan" (Orig. in Persian 1865) trans. by Priestley H. B. "Afghanistan and its Inhabitants", 1874; Reprint Lahore: Sang i Meel Press, 1981
- ^ a b c d e Panni S. B. Tarikh i Hazara (1969) 2nd edition, Peshawar. p270 - 275.
- ^ a b Ridgeway R. T. I. The Pathans (1911) Reprinted Peshawar, 1983.
- ^ Haider G. R. The Pashtuns - a monograph on tribal claims of their origins (1988) University of Peshawar Press p 11 - 13.
- ^ Mir Ali Wardi Khan Mansabdar aha Behar (1724) translation to Urdu 1921.
- ^ Cardew C. H. H. Bhaugalpore: a short history (1894) Calcutta.
- ^ a b c Hazara District Gazetteer 1883 and 1907.
- ^ P J Mayne, The North West Frontier and Northern Punjab under the Durrani Afghans (An Historical Study) pub Lahore, 1911. p 169
- ^ Rawalpindi Gazetteer 1890.
- ^ Spain J. W. The Pathan Borderland (1964)
- ^ Attock District Gazetteer 1892
- ^ Dorn B. History of the Afghans: translated from the Persian of Neamet Ullah Third edition p42.
- ^ Elphinstone, II. p. 162.