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United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime

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United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime
  Signed and ratified or acceded
  Only signed
  Non-party
TypeOrganized crime; international criminal law
Drafted15 November 2000
Signed12 December 2000
LocationPalermo, Italy
Effective29 September 2003
Condition40 ratifications
Signatories147
Parties189
DepositarySecretary-General of the United Nations
LanguagesArabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, and Spanish

The United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC) is a 2000 United Nations-sponsored multilateral treaty against transnational organized crime. The Convention was adopted by a resolution of the United Nations General Assembly on 15 November 2000. It is also called the Palermo Convention, and its three supplementary protocols (the Palermo Protocols) are:[1]

According to Leoluca Orlando, Mayor of Palermo, the convention was the first international convention to fight transnational organized crime, trafficking of human beings, and terrorism.[2]

All four of these instruments contain elements of the current international law on human trafficking, arms trafficking and money laundering. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) acts as custodian of the UNTOC and its protocols.[citation needed]

The Convention came into force on 29 September 2003. As of 19 September 2017, it has 189 parties,[3] which includes 184 United Nations member states, the Cook Islands, the Holy See, Niue, the State of Palestine, and the European Union. The nine UN member states that are not party to the Convention are (* indicates that the state has signed but not ratified the Convention):

See also

References

  1. ^ "UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION AGAINST TRANSNATIONAL ORGANIZED CRIME AND THE PROTOCOLS THERETO" (PDF). UNITED NATIONS OFFICE ON DRUGS AND CRIME. 2004. p. V. Retrieved 16 July 2011.
  2. ^ Loredana Pianta, Researchers simulate mafia and terrorism recruitment, Phys.org, 25 July 2019 (accessed on 30 July 2019)
  3. ^ UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime: Treaty status
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