List of introduced mammal species

This list of introduced mammal species includes all the species of mammal introduced to an area without regard to that territory being or not being their native area of occupation or the success of that re-introduction or introduction to the area. This practice has been harmful in many areas, although some introductions are made with the aim of preserving mammal species. Following the name of the mammal, a brief description of where they were introduced is included.

(× means it has negative impact to their new environment)

(+ means it has positive impact to their new environment)

(? means it is unknown if it has negative impact to their new environment or not)

Marsupials

Bennett's wallaby successfully introduced to ? Europe and × New Zealand
Brush-tailed rock wallaby unsuccessfully introduced to × New Zealand (exterminated by 2014 [1]) but was successfully introduced to × Hawaii
Macropus parma (Parma wallaby) successfully introduced to New Zealand
Tammar wallaby successfully introduced to × New Zealand
Wallabia bicolor (swamp wallaby) successfully introduced to New Zealand
Brush-tailed possum successfully introduced to × New Zealand
Koala successfully introduced to + South Australia ^[1]
Didelphis virginiana (Virginia opossum) successfully introduced to California

Horses

Feral horse successfully introduced to + USA, × Australia, × New Zealand, ? Africa, British isles ^[2], Central America, and South America
Feral donkey successfully introduced to × Australia, ? Africa, + USA, Cyprus ^[3], New Zealand, Central America, Sri Lanka, Oceania
Plains zebra successfully introduced to + USA

Rhinos

Southern white rhinoceros successfully introduced to + China ^[4]

Antelopes

Blackbuck successfully introduced to ? USA and ? South America
Nilgai successfully introduced to ? USA and Mexico ^[5]
Gemsbok successfully introduced to ? USA
Aepyceros melampus (impala) successfully introduced to Gabon^[6]
Connochaetes gnou (black wildebeest) successfully introduced to Namibia ^[7]
Hippotragus niger (sable antelope) successfully introduced to Swaziland ^[8]
Tragelaphus angasii (nyala) successfully introduced to Botswana and Namibia ^[9]

Pigs

Wild boar successfully introduced to ? USA, × Hawaii, × Australia, ? Africa, ? South America, New Zealand, Central America, Asia ^[10], and Oceania

Cattle and other bovines

Banteng successfully introduced to ? Australia
Domestic cattle successfully introduced to ? worldwide
Zebu successfully introduced to ? Africa - considered to be a breed of domestic cattle
Water buffalo successfully introduced to × Australia, Brazil, and Oceania
Bison bison (American bison) successfully introduced to California ^[11]
Bison bonasus (European bison) successfully reintroduced to Europe
Ovibos moschatus (Greenland muskox) successfully introduced to Scandinavia and Russia

Camels

Dromedary camel successfully introduced to + Europe (no wild population exists), + Asia (all wild populations exist within the natural range), and × Australia, and unsuccessfully introduced to USA due to the Civil War
Bactrian camel successfully introduced to + Europe (no wild population exists)

Sheep and Goats

Feral sheep successfully introduced to ? USA, New Zealand, Tibet ^[12], and Oceania
Feral goat/Wild goat successfully introduced to × Australia, × New Zealand, × Hawaii, ? Africa, ? North America, British isles ^[13], South America, Europe, Asia ^[14], and Oceania
Himalayan tahr successfully introduced to ? USA, ? South America, New Zealand, and Africa
Mouflon successfully introduced to ? USA, + mainland Europe, ? South America (on private estates), × Hawaii, and Canary Islands ^[15]
Barbary sheep successfully introduced to ? New Mexico, ? Europe, Mexico, and Canary Islands^[16]
Chamois successfully introduced to × New Zealand

Hippos

Hippopotamus successfully introduced to ? Colombia

Deer

Moose introduced to Newfoundland, possibly successfully introduced to ? New Zealand
White-tailed deer successfully introduced to × New Zealand, ? Cuba, ? Jamaica, ? Hispaniola, ? Puerto Rico, ? Bahamas, ? Lesser Antilles, ? Finland, ? Czech Republic, and ? Serbia
Mule deer unsuccessfully introduced to ? Argentina and Hawaii
American elk successfully introduced to ? Florida, New Zealand, South America, and Italy ^[17]
Chital deer successfully introduced to × Hawaii, × Australia, ? Chile, ? Argentina, ? Texas, ? Florida, ? Mississippi, ? California, ? Alabama, and Europe
Fallow deer successfully introduced to × Australia, × New Zealand, ? British Isles, ? North America, Caribbean Islands, South America, and Africa
Sika deer successfully introduced to ? Europe, ? British Isles, ? Africa (captive only), ? North America, ? South America (captive only), and New Zealand
Red deer successfully introduced to ? North America, Australia, New Zealand, South America, and Africa
Chinese water deer successfully introduced to ? British Isles and France ^[18]
Reeve's muntjac successfully introduced to ? British Isles and Asia ^[19]
Indian hog deer unsuccessfully introduced to ? USA and Australia ^[20]
Swamp deer successfully introduced to ? Texas (captive only)
Rangifer tarandus (reindeer) successfully introduced to Iceland, × South Georgia, and × Ile Australia
Rusa marianna (Philippine deer) successfully introduced to Guam, Rota, Pohnpei and Saipan
Rusa timorensis (Javan rusa) successfully introduced to Australia ^[20], New Zealand, and Africa
Rusa unicolor (sambar deer) successfully introduced to Australia ^[20], New Zealand, and North America

Mongooses and relatives

Common genet successfully introduced to ? Europe and unsuccessfully introduced to most of Egypt
Small Asian mongoose successfully introduced to × Hawaii, ? Venezuela, ? Guyana, ? Suriname, ? mainland Europe, Caribbean Islands, Japan^[21], Mauritius, and Fiji^[22] and unsuccessfully introduced to British Isles
Yellow mongoose successfully introduced to ? Namibia and ? South Africa, but not outside of its natural range
Egyptian mongoose successfully introduced to ? Europe
Paguma larvata (masked palm civet) successfully introduced to Japan^[23]
Viverricula indica (small Indian civet) successfully introduced to Madagascar

Cats

Feral cat successfully introduced to ? worldwide, including × New Zealand, × Hawaii, and others
Puma yagouaroundi (jaguarundi) successfully introduced to Florida

Dogs

Feral dog successfully introduced to ? worldwide
Red fox successfully introduced to ? worldwide, including × Australia
Raccoon dog successfully introduced to ? Europe and Asia^[24]
Canis latrans (coyote) successfully introduced to Florida and Georgia^[25]

Mustelids

American mink successfully introduced to ? Asia and the × British Isles, South America, and Europe
Ferret successfully introduced to the ? British Isles, New Zealand, and Azores^[26]
Stoat successfully introduced to × New Zealand
Martes melampus (Japanese marten) successfully introduced to Asia^[27]
Mustela itatsi (Japanese weasel) successfully introduced to Asia^[28]
Mustela nivalis (least weasel) successfully introduced to New Zealand
Mustela sibirica (Siberian weasel) successfully introduced to Asia^[29]

Raccoons and relatives

South American coati unsuccessfully introduced to ? Europe
Nasua narica (white-nosed coati) successfully introduced to Florida^[30]
Common raccoon successfully introduced to × Japan, ? Europe, Prince Edward Island ^[31], and Caribbean Islands

Insectivores

Asian house shrew successfully introduced to ? Africa and Oceania
Atelerix algirus (north African hedgehog) successfully introduced to Europe
Crocidura russula (greater white-toothed shrew) successfully introduced to British isles
Erinaceus amurensis (Amur hedgehog) successfully introduced to Japan ^[32]
Erinaceus europaeus (European hedgehog) successfully introduced to British isles Ref>http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/84114</ref> and New Zealand

Monkeys

Barbary macaque successfully introduced to ? Europe
Rhesus macaque successfully introduced to ? Florida, ? South Carolina, the ? Caribbean islands, and Japan^[33]
Japanese macaque unsuccessfully introduced to ? Texas
Vervet monkey successfully introduced to ? USA ? Florida
Patas monkey successfully introduced to ? Australia (captive only) and ? Puerto Rico
Common squirrel monkey successfully introduced to ? Florida
Crab-eating macaque successfully introduced to × Africa, Hong Kong, and Oceania
Cercopithecus mona (mona monkey) successfully introduced to Grenada^[34]
Chlorocebus sabaeus (green monkey) successfully introduced to Central America^[35]
Macaca arctoides (stump-tailed macaque) successfully introduced to Mexico
Macaca cyclopis (Formosan rock macaque) successfully introduced to Japan^[36]

Rodents

Capybara successfully introduced to ? Florida
Gambian pouch rat successfully introduced to × Florida's islands, × Gulf coast of USA, and ? Central America (captive only), and unsuccessfully introduced to mainland Florida
Pacific rat successfully introduced to × New Zealand and Hawaii
Black rat successfully introduced to × worldwide
Brown rat successfully introduced to × worldwide
House mouse successfully introduced to × worldwide
Coypu successfully introduced to most of × USA, × Asia, × Europe, and × Africa and unsuccessfully introduced to California
Muskrat successfully introduced to ? Asia, ? Europe, and South America
Bank vole successfully introduced to ? British Isles
Edible dormouse successfully introduced to ? British Isles
Siberian chipmunk successfully introduced to ? Europe and Asia^[37]
Grey squirrel successfully introduced to × Europe, × British Isles, Africa, and Pitcairn Islands^[38]
Callosciurus finlaysonii (Finlayson's squirrel) successfully introduced to Europe^[39] and Japan^[40]
Callosciurus erythraeus (Pallas's squirrel) successfully introduced to Europe^[41] and Japan ^[42]
Funambulus pennantii (northern palm squirrel) successfully introduced to Australia
Sciurus aberti (Abert's squirrel) successfully introduced to non-native areas of Arizona^[43]
Sciurus aureogaster (Mexican red-bellied squirrel) successfully introduced to Florida^[44]
Sciurus niger (fox squirrel) successfully introduced to western US^[45]
Spermophilus parryii (Arctic ground squirrel) successfully introduced to Alaskan islands^[46]
North American beaver successfully introduced to × South America and Europe
Castor fiber (European beaver) successfully reintroduced to Finland
African porcupine successfully introduced to ? Europe (within natural range) and ? British Isles (captive only)
Himalayan porcupine unsuccessfully introduced to ? British Isles

Rabbits

Mountain hare successfully introduced to ? New Zealand, Scandinavia, and Réunion
European rabbit successfully introduced to × Australia, ? North America, ? Africa, ? Asia, × New Zealand, British isles, South America, and Oceania
European hare successfully introduced to × Australia, ? British Isles, × New Zealand, ? North America, and ? South America
Lepus nigricollis (Indian hare) successfully introduced to Africa [2]
Sylvilagus floridanus (cottontail rabbit) successfully introduced to Europe