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2019 Albania earthquake

Coordinates: 41°30′44″N 19°30′54″E / 41.5121°N 19.515°E / 41.5121; 19.515
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2019 Albania earthquake
Map of Albania, showing location and strength of quake. Star marks epicenter.
2019 Albania earthquake is located in Albania41.511°N 19.515°E
2019 Albania earthquake
Durrës
Durrës
Kodër-Thumanë
Kodër-Thumanë
Tirana
Tirana
UTC time2019-11-26 02:54:12
ISC event616919407
USGS-ANSSComCat
Local date26 November 2019 (2019-11-26)
Local time03:54:12 CET (UTC+1)
Magnitude6.4 Mw
Depth20.0 km (12.4 mi)
Epicenter41°30′44″N 19°30′54″E / 41.5121°N 19.515°E / 41.5121; 19.515
TypeThrust
Areas affectedMamurras, Durrës, Kodër-Thumanë
Max. intensityVIII (Severe)
Peak acceleration0.469 g
Peak velocity39.99 cm/s
TsunamiNo
LandslidesNo
Aftershocks
  • Four Mw ≥ 5.0
  • Six Mw 4–5
Casualties41 dead, 750 injured

Northwestern Albania was struck by a strong 6.4-magnitude earthquake with an epicentre 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) west-southwest of Mamurras, at 03:54 CET (UTC+1) on 26 November 2019.[1][2] The tremor was felt in Albania's capital Tirana, and in places as far away as Taranto and Belgrade,[3] some 370 kilometres (230 mi) northeast of the epicentre. At least 41 people were killed in the earthquake, with 750 injured.[4][5] It was the strongest earthquake to hit Albania in 40 years.[2]

Tectonic setting

Albania lies across the convergent boundary between the Eurasian Plate and the Adriatic Plate, part of the complex collision zone with the African Plate. The structure of the western part of Albania is dominated by active thrust tectonics. The region is seismically active, with several M ≥ 6 earthquakes in the last hundred years. In 1979, the largest of these events struck 70 kilometres (43 mi) further north, in Montenegro, killing 135 people in Montenegro and Albania.[1]

Earthquake

The earthquake had magnitude of 6.4 Mww, according to the ANSS Comprehensive Catalog. The observed focal mechanism is consistent with reverse movement on a NW-SE trending fault, parallel to the known thrust faults in the area. The maximum perceived intensity was VIII (severe) on the Modified Mercalli intensity scale.[1]

There have been hundreds of aftershocks, of which four have been greater than M 5.0 and a further ten between M 4 and 5 as of 23:59 (UTC) 27 November.[6] The largest aftershock occurred at 07:08 CET (UTC+1), less than four hours after the mainshock, with a magnitude of M 5.4. This event caused shaking of intensity VII (very strong).[7]

Earthquakes M≥4.0

Events at or above Mw  4.0 associated with the 2019 Albanian earthquakes
Date Time (UTC) Magnitude Mw  Intensity Depth Location Ref.
November 26 02:59:24 5.1 - 10.0 km (6.2 mi) 6 km (3.7 mi) NNW of Shijak [8]
November 26 03:03:00 5.3 VII 10.0 km (6.2 mi) 9 km (5.6 mi) WNW of Vore [9]
November 26 06:08:22 5.4 VII 10.0 km (6.2 mi) 22 km (14 mi) W of Mamurras [10]
November 26 07:27:02 4.8 V 10.0 km (6.2 mi) 21 km (13 mi) WSW of Mamurras [11]
November 26 12:14:13 4.4 - 10.0 km (6.2 mi) 12 km (7.5 mi) N of Durres [12]
November 26 13:05:00 4.9 IV 10.0 km (6.2 mi) 13 km (8.1 mi) W of Mamurras [13]
November 26 15:11:56 4.2 - 10.0 km (6.2 mi) 19 km (12 mi) WNW of Mamurras [14]
November 26 17:19:13 4.7 VI 10.0 km (6.2 mi) 21 km (13 mi) N of Durres [15]
November 27 11:03:35 4.1 III 10.0 km (6.2 mi) 16 km (9.9 mi) N of Durres [16]
November 27 14:45:24 5.3 VI 12.6 km (7.8 mi) 19 km (12 mi) WSW of Mamurras [17]
November 27 22:19:00 4.3 III 10.0 km (6.2 mi) 21 km (13 mi) NNW of Durres [18]
November 27 22:50:15 4.5 - 10.0 km (6.2 mi) 16 km (9.9 mi) N of Durres [19]
November 27 22:51:24 4.4 - 10.0 km (6.2 mi) 13 km (8.1 mi) N of Durres [20]
November 27 23:02:49 4.2 - 10.0 km (6.2 mi) 12 km (7.5 mi) N of Durres [21]
November 28 10:25:05 4.5 - 10.0 km (6.2 mi) 22 km (14 mi) WSW of Mamurras [22]

Damage

The damage was very severe in the large port city of Durrës and the town of Kodër-Thumanë, which are near the epicentre of the earthquake. Two hotels and two apartment blocks collapsed in Durrës. Four buildings, including a five-storey apartment block, collapsed in Kodër-Thumanë. Many people are still trapped in the remains of the ruined buildings.[23] Rescue crews with specialized equipment, sniffer dogs and emergency supplies came to Albania from neighboring countries and other European nations to help in the search efforts and provide for those left homeless.[24] Many homeless people in Kodër-Thumanë spent two nights in tents, refusing to stay in hotels on the Adriatic Sea. Special forces (RENEA) continue to search for a few people who are still missing. The aftershocks, some of which were quite large, made it difficult for the search and rescue teams.

Albania's Minister of Health Ogerta Manastirliu said that 658 people were injured by the earthquake the day before, while 68 people are still hospitalized. Manastirliu said a boy and a girl in worse health would be sent abroad for more specialized medical help.[25]

2,500 people have been displaced by the earthquake and are temporarily being accommodated either in the Durrës football stadium in tents or in hotels.[23]

Aftermath

A national day of mourning was declared in Albania and neighboring Kosovo where two of the victims were from and which has an ethnic Albanian majority population.[26] A state of emergency was declared for Durrës and Tirana.[27]

International assistance

A number of countries have offered assistance:

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Template:Kosovo-note

References

  1. ^ a b c ANSS. "Albania 2019: M 6.4 - 12km WSW of Mamurras, Albania". Comprehensive Catalog. U.S. Geological Survey. Retrieved 26 November 2019.
  2. ^ a b Razak, R.; Prifti, A.; Westcott, B.; Picheta, R. (26 November 2019). "At least 23 killed, 325 injured, as 6.4-magnitude earthquake strikes Albania". CNN World.
  3. ^ "Very Strong earthquake - Albania - November 26, 2019". Earthquake-Report. 26 November 2019. Retrieved 26 November 2019.
  4. ^ "Konfirmohet viktima e 41-të nga tërmeti në Shqipëri". indeksonline.net (in Albanian). Retrieved 28 November 2019.
  5. ^ "Bilanci i tërmetit, shkon në 750 numri i të lënduarve". telegrafi.com (in Albanian). Retrieved 28 November 2019.
  6. ^ ANSS. "Search results (earthquakes in Albania on 26 & 27 November of M>4)".
  7. ^ ANSS. "Albania 2019a : M 5.4 - 22km W of Mamurras, Albania". Comprehensive Catalog. U.S. Geological Survey. Retrieved 28 November 2019.
  8. ^ "M 5.1 - 6km NNW of Shijak, Albania". United States Geological Survey. 26 November 2019. Retrieved 28 November 2019.
  9. ^ "M 5.3 - 9km WNW of Vore, Albania". United States Geological Survey. 26 November 2019. Retrieved 28 November 2019.
  10. ^ "M 5.4 - 22km W of Mamurras, Albania". United States Geological Survey. 26 November 2019. Retrieved 28 November 2019.
  11. ^ "M 4.8 - 21km WSW of Mamurras, Albania". United States Geological Survey. 26 November 2019. Retrieved 28 November 2019.
  12. ^ "M 4.4 - 12km N of Durres, Albania, Albania". United States Geological Survey. 26 November 2019. Retrieved 28 November 2019.
  13. ^ "M 4.9 - 13km W of Mamurras, Albania". United States Geological Survey. 26 November 2019. Retrieved 28 November 2019.
  14. ^ "M 4.2 - 19km WNW of Mamurras, Albania". United States Geological Survey. 26 November 2019. Retrieved 28 November 2019.
  15. ^ "M 4.7 - 21km N of Durres, Albania". United States Geological Survey. 26 November 2019. Retrieved 28 November 2019.
  16. ^ "M 4.1 - 16km W of Mamurras, Albania". United States Geological Survey. 27 November 2019. Retrieved 28 November 2019.
  17. ^ "M 5.3 - 19km WSW of Mamurras, Albania". United States Geological Survey. 27 November 2019. Retrieved 28 November 2019.
  18. ^ "M 4.3 - 21km NNW of Durres, Albania". United States Geological Survey. 27 November 2019. Retrieved 28 November 2019.
  19. ^ "M 4.5 - 16km N of Durres, Albania". United States Geological Survey. 27 November 2019. Retrieved 28 November 2019.
  20. ^ "M 4.4 - 13km N of Durres, Albania". United States Geological Survey. 27 November 2019. Retrieved 28 November 2019.
  21. ^ "M 4.2 - 12km N of Durres, Albania". United States Geological Survey. 27 November 2019. Retrieved 28 November 2019.
  22. ^ "M 4.5 - 22km WSW of Mamurras, Albania". United States Geological Survey. 28 November 2019. Retrieved 28 November 2019.
  23. ^ a b International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (27 November 2019). "Information Bulletin" (PDF). Retrieved 27 November 2019.
  24. ^ Semini, Llazar (28 November 2019). "Hopes fade for any more survivors in Albania quake; 40 dead". apnews.com.
  25. ^ "40 viktima nga tërmeti! Nxirren të gjithë personat nga rrënojat në Thumanë, vijojnë kërkimet në Durrës për 6 persona (VIDEO)". shqiptarja.com (in Albanian). Retrieved 26 November 2019.
  26. ^ "The Latest: UN sends disaster assessment experts to Albania". AP NEWS. 26 November 2019.
  27. ^ "Rama shpall gjendjen e jashtëzakonshme në Durrës dhe Tiranë" (in Albanian). 27 November 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  28. ^ "Даваме 200 000 лева хуманитарна помощ на Албания след земетресението" (in Bulgarian). Darik. 27 November 2019.
  29. ^ "Albanian Earthquake: Croatia Sends Rescue Team, Dogs and Helicopters". 26 November 2019.
  30. ^ "Déploiement aérien de secouristes français suite au séisme en Albanie" (in French). 27 November 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  31. ^ "Tërmeti i fuqishëm në vend, Greqia nis ndihma për vendin" (in Albanian).
  32. ^ "Ministri i jashtëm i Greqisë shikon nga afër dëmet nga tërmeti: Keni mbështetjen tonë" (in Albanian).
  33. ^ "Lajm i mirë, forcat greke shpëtojnë jetën e një gruaje nga rrënojat e tërmetit" (in Albanian).
  34. ^ "Earthquake in Albania". www.msn.com. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
  35. ^ Βοήθεια στην Αλβανία - Ποιοι στέλνουν γιατρούς ,διασώστες και φάρμακα
  36. ^ "Terremoto in Albania. Uomini dei Vigili del Fuoco e Protezione Civile in partenza da tutta Italia" (in Italian).
  37. ^ "Kosovars support rescue efforts in Albania". 26 November 2019.
  38. ^ "Podgorica sa 20.000 evra pomaže Tirani" (in Serbian). Nezavisne novine. 27 November 2019.
  39. ^ "Earthquake in Albania, Macedonia sends help" (in Macedonian). gevgelijanet.com. 26 November 2019.
  40. ^ "Albania hit by a devastating earthquake, North Macedonia to send rescue teams". 26 November 2019.
  41. ^ "Echipa RO-USAR a început operațiunile de salvare-căutare în Albania" (in Romanian). mai.gov.ro. 27 November 2019.
  42. ^ "Comunicat de presă" (PDF) (in Romanian). IGSU. 26 November 2019.
  43. ^ "Patriarhia Romana solidară cu poporul albanez afectat de cutremurul din 26 noiembrie 2019" (in Romanian). Basilica. 26 November 2019.
  44. ^ "Vucic sends condolences to Edi Rama after the earthquake: Special team from Serbia headed to Albania". telegraf.rs. 26 November 2019.
  45. ^ "Swiss rescue team sent to Albanian earthquake disaster". swissinfo.ch. 27 November 2019.
  46. ^ "Türkiye'nin yardım uçağı Arnavutluk'ta (Arama kurtarma ekipleri çalışmalara başladı)" (in Turkish). NTV. 27 November 2019.
  47. ^ "U.S. Embassy-Tirana". www.facebook.com.
  48. ^ Press, The Associated (26 November 2019). "The Latest: UN Sends Disaster Assessment Experts to Albania". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
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