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Citizenship Amendment Act protests

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This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Rslogo (talk | contribs) at 17:56, 19 December 2019 (This being telecasted on Indian National Televisions --- Zee News. They are not protestors but rioters, killing Policemen, demolishing shops.). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Citizenship Amendment Act protests
Part of the Protests of 2019
Jamia Milia Islamia students protesting
Date4 December 2019 - ongoing
Location
India
Caused by
Goals
MethodsCivil disobedience, demonstrations, Gherao, hunger strikes, Hartal, vandalism, hashtag activism, general strike (Bandh)
StatusOngoing
Parties
Lead figures
Casualties
Death(s)8 (including 2 minors)[23][24][25]
Injuries175[26] (reported as of 16 December)

The 2019 Indian Citizenship Amendment Act protests, also known as the CAA protests, the Citizenship (Amendment) Bill protests, or the CAB protests, are a series of ongoing protests in India against the Citizenship (Amendment) Act, which was enacted into law on December 12, 2019.[13] The protests began in Assam,[27] Delhi,[28] Meghalaya,[29] Manipur, and Tripura on December 4, 2019,[19] and soon spread to the rest of India.[30] The reasons given for the protests by participating student organizations, human rights activists, and citizen groups include alleged religious discrimination, illegal immigration, and police brutality against protesters on university campuses during demonstrations.[31]

Citizens of Assam and other northeastern states are opposing the Act out of fear that forced settlement of non-Muslim illegal immigrants in their regions would unfavourably shift the demographic balance and result in sectarian violence. The protests were directed against the Citizenship (Amendment) Bill, 2019, which was approved by the Union cabinet on December 4, 2019, and passed by both houses of the Parliament on December 11, turning the bill into an Act of the Parliament.[32]

The protests started in Assam on December 4, 2019, after the bill was introduced in parliament. Later on, protests erupted in all of Northeast India, and subsequently spread to all major cities of India. On December 15, police forcibly entered the campus of the Jamia Millia Islamia and Aligarh Muslim University, where major protests were being held. Police used batons and tear gas on the students, and more than 200 students were injured and around 100 were detained overnight in the police station. The unprecedented level of police brutality was widely criticized, and resulted in students intensifying their protests across the country in response to the reprisals.[33]

The protests have resulted in thousands of arrests and 8 deaths.[34][25] Two boys under the age of 18 were among those reported to have been killed due to police firing live ammunition on protesters in Assam.[24] The Act has been criticized and declared unconstitutional by several constitutional lawyers such as Soli Sorabjee,[35] Markandey Katju,[36] Kapil Sibal, Mahua Moitra, Jairam Ramesh,[37] P Chidambaram,[38] Abhishek M Singhvi,[39] Ashish Goel,[40] and Suhrith Parthasarathy.[41] Several organizations have petitioned the Supreme Court of India to declare the bill as illegal and unconstitutional, and on December 19th, the police issued a complete ban on protests in several parts of India. As a result of defying the ban, thousands of protesters were detained.

Background

A child taking part in an anti-CAB NRC protest with Jamia Millia Islamia students and locals.

The Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2019 (CAA) is an act of the Indian parliament, whose purpose is to amend the Citizenship Act of 1955 to grant a path to Indian citizenship towards illegal migrants who are Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, Parsis and Christians from Afghanistan, Bangladesh and Pakistan, who entered India on or before December 31, 2014. The Act howewer, does not mention Muslims and does not offer the same eligibility benefits to Muslim immigrants. The Act also seeks to relax the requirement of residence in India for citizenship by naturalization from 11 years to 5 years for migrants covered under the Act.[42][43][44]

The opposition has stated that the Citizenship Amendment Act undermines Muslim identity by declaring India a welcome refuge to all other religious communities except Islam, and that it seeks to legally classify Muslims as second-class citizens by providing preferential treatment to other groups and therefore violates Article 14 of the Indian Constitution, which guarantees the fundamental right of equality under the law to all citizens.[45][46][47][48]

Critics of the Act have stated that due to the National Register of Citizens (NRC), Muslims would be made stateless, while the Citizenship Amendment Act would be able to shield people with Hindu, Sikh, Buddhist, Jain, Parsi or Christian identity as a means of providing them with Indian citizenship if they failed to prove that they were citizens of India under the stringent requirements of the NRC. Some critics allege that it is a deliberate attempt at disenfranchising and segregating Muslims in line with the ethnonationalist Hindutva ideology of the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).[49][50][51] The home minister Amit Shah had previously set a deadline for the implementation of a countrywide NRC by stating that the register would be rolled out before the 2024 Lok Sabha elections.[52]

The passage of the Act has sparked massive protests in India.[43] Both Muslim and secular groups have protested, alleging that the Act amounts to state-sponsored religious discrimination. A large number of people in Assam and other north-eastern states have been protesting against the bill over fears that non-Muslim illegal immigrants present in the states would be allowed to stay and that the bill could embolden a rise in further illegal immigration, adversely affecting the culture and society of the region, and potentially escalating sectarian violence and tensions.[53][54] After the act was passed, protests in the region turned violent with over 3000 protesters being been arrested as of December 17th, 2019,[55] and some news outlets have described these protests as riots.[56]

The Act directly violates Clause 5 and Clause 6 of the 1985 Assam Accord.[57] The Act was criticized by liberal, progressive, and socialist organizations across the country, with the Indian National Congress and other major political parties announcing their staunch opposition. The states of Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, West Bengal, Punjab and Kerala have outright refused to implement it.[58] The Indian Union Muslim League has also petitioned the Supreme Court of India to strike down the bill as illegal and unconstitutional.[59]

There has also been concerns voiced regarding the exclusion of several non-Muslim countries around India from the Act, such as Sri Lanka, over whom Shiv Sena and several religious figures have quarreled about the citizenship status of Tamil-speaking Hindus who were allowed to legally settle in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu due to previously suffering discrimination in Sri Lanka,[60] Nepal and Bhutan, the latter of which is accused of discriminating against Hindus through a Buddhist-only society.[61] Tibetan refugees from China are also excluded from the bill despite being an persecuted minority and being unable to acquire Indian nationality.[62][63]

Timeline of the Protest

  • 4 December
  • The Union Cabinet cleared the Citizenship (Amendment) Bill, 2019 for introduction in the parliament.[64]
  • After the bill was cleared, violent protests erupted in Assam, especially in Guwahati, and other areas in the state.[65]
  • In Dispur, several thousands of protesters broke down police barricades to protest in front of the Assam Legislative Assembly building.[66][67]
  • Demonstrations were held in Agartala.[68] Six people have died and fifty people have been injured in the protests against the Act.[69][70]
  • 9 December
  • 10 December
  • The Bill was passed with 311 MPs voting in favour and 80 against the Bill.[72][73]
  • 11 December
  • 12 December
  • After receiving assent from the President of India, the bill assumed the status of an act.[75] The act will come into force on a date chosen by the Government of India, and will be notified as such.[76]
  • 13 December
  • The UK, USA, France, Israel and Canada issued travel warnings for people visiting India's north-east region, telling their citizens to "exercise caution".[77]
  • Chief Ministers of Indian states of West Bengal, Punjab, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh said they will not implement the law.[78]
  • 14 December
  • 15 December
  • 16 December
  • 17 December
  • Violent clash occur in Delhi's Seelampur area. Police retaliated with tear gas and batons against the stone throwing protesters, several protesters and officers were injured. A police station was set on fire and buses were vandalized in the area.[88]
  • 18 December
  • Supreme Court of India hearing 60 petitions challenging the Act, declined to stay implementation of the Citizenship (Amendment) Act and set 22 January 2020 as the next date of hearing on the constitutional validity of the act.[89]
  • 19 December
  • The Administrative authorities imposed ban against public gatherings in BJP ruled states Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh and parts of Delhi.[90]
  • Protest meetings were held defying the ban in Delhi's Red Fort and Bengaluru.[90] Tens of thousands of people protested in Hyderabad, Patna, Chandigarh, Mumbai and other cities. Calls were made using social medial platforms to ask people to turn up and protest peacefully.[91]
  • Hundreds of protesters were detained in Bangalore and Delhi. Access to internet was restricted in certain places.[90]
  • In Bengaluru, Historian Ramchandra Guha along with several other professors was detained by the police. According to the police around 200 protestors were detained in Bengaluru.[90]
  • In Delhi, politicians Yogendra Yadav and Sitaram Yechury along with around 1,200 protesters was detained by the police.[90][92]
  • Curfew imposed in Mangaluru until 20 December, accompanied by violent clashes and death of 2 people due to police firing.[93][25]
  • UNICEF issued a statement asking the government to respect children's right of freedom of expression, peaceful assembly and protest as per the Convention on the Rights of the Child.[93]
  • In Ahmedabad, during a violent clash in the Shah-e-Alam's Roza area police used tear gas to counter stone pelting while trying to disperse a crowd of 2000 protesters.[94]

Protests

After the bill was approved on December 4, 2019, violent protests erupted in Assam, especially in Guwahati, and other areas in the state.[95] Reactionary protests were held as well in several metropolitan cities across India, including Delhi, Bangalore, Ahmedabad,Hyderabad, Jaipur, Kolkata and Mumbai.[96][97][98][99][100]

As a reaction, protests were also held at universities across the country, including Cotton University,[101] Gauhati University,[102] IIT Bombay,[96] Presidency University,[103] Jamia Millia Islamia,[104][105] Osmania University,[106] University of Hyderabad, University of Delhi,[107] Panjab University[108] and Aligarh Muslim University.[109] By 16 December, the protests had spread across India with demonstrations occurring in at least 17 cities including Chennai, Jaipur, Bhopal, Lucknow and Puducherry.[110][111][112] In Maharashtra the students of Tata Institute of Social Science and the University of Mumbai in Mumbai, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University in Aurangabad and the Savitribai Phule Pune University (SPPU) in Pune staged protests in solidarity with their counterparts at the Jamia Millia Islamia and Aligarh Muslim University. Students from various SPPU-affiliated colleges and members of organisations such as the National Students Union of India, the Students Federation of India and the Yuvak Kranti Dal took part in the protest.[113].

On 19th December, police banned protests in several parts of India with the imposition of section 144 which prohibits the gathering of more than 4 individuals in a public space as being unlawful, namely, parts of the capital Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, and Karnataka, including Bangalore. Police in Chennai denied permission for marches, rallies or any other demonstration.[114][115] Internet services have also been shutdown in several parts of Delhi. As a result of defying the ban, thousands of protesters were detained, primarily in Delhi, including several opposition leaders and activists such as Ramachandra Guha, Sitaram Yechury, Yogendra Yadav, Umar Khalid, Sandeep Dikshit, Tehseen Poonawalla and D Raja.[116][117][118] Despite of the fear of being detained, tens of thousands of people protested in Hyderabad, Patna, Chandigarh, Mumbai and other cities. Civil society groups, political parties, students, activists and ordinary citizens used social medial platforms to ask people to turn up and protest peacefully.[119]

Assam

After the bill was cleared on 4 December 2019, violent protests erupted in Assam, especially in Guwahati, and other areas in the state.[120] Reuters noted the protests in the state were the most violent in the recent days, and added that at least two people were killed. Buildings and railway stations were set on fire. The protesters were angry that the new law would allow thousands of Bengali speaking non-muslim immigrants from Bangladesh, to become legal citizens of India,[82][59] thereby influencing the political and cultural environment of Assam.[121] Thousands of members and workers of All Assam Students Union (AASU) and 30 other indigenous organizations, artists, cultural activists of the state had gathered at Latasil ground in the capital city of Assam to stage protest against the Act. Assam police had subsequently detained the general secretary, the adviser to the AASU and over 1,000 protesters in Guwahati while they took out a protest rally.[122] The thee Assam police has stated they suspected the United Liberation Front of Assam to be behind the violence that took place in the state on December 11 and December 12, that the group instigated people and used its cadres to infiltrate into protests.[123]

In Dispur, several thousands of protesters broke down police barricades to protest in front of the Assam Legislative Assembly building.[124][125] Demonstrations were also held in Agartala.[126]

In Dibrugarh, the All Assam Student's Union vandalized the district office of the Asom Gana Parishad which had voted in favor of the act as part of the ruling Coalition.[127] On Thursday, curfew in Dibrugarh was relaxed for 14 hours since 6 am.[128]

Access to the Internet was restricted in Assam by the administrative authorities.[34] A curfew was also declared in Assam and Tripura due to the protests,[59] leading the army to be deployed as protesters defied those curfews. Railway services were suspended and some airlines started to waive rescheduling or cancellation fees in those areas.[129] Officials reported that at least two people died after clashes with police in Guwahati, Assam.[129] On 15 December Gauhati Medical College and Hospital official stated that Ishwar Nayak died on the night of 14 December and Abdul Alim died on 15 December morning. Both of them had been admitted to the hospital after suffering gunshot wounds.[130]

Assamese language newspapers have been extensively covering the ongoing protest against the Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2019 across the state. On Friday, all the newspapers carried reports of violence during the protest from all over the state. Reports of excessive use of force by security forces have also found prominence in all the newspapers besides reports of vandalism in different places.[131]

Tripura

Tripura also saw protests against CAA. Along with Assam, the internet was also shut down in Tripura.[132][133]

Other North eastern states

Manipur and Arunachal Pradesh saw protests with their respective student organisations calling strikes and shutdowns.[133]

Delhi

On Saturday, 14 December, thousands of agitators packed into Jantar Mantar Road, filling up a space estimated to be half the size of a football ground, as multiple demonstrations occurred against the CAA in Delhi.[79][80]

On 15 December, in Delhi near New Friends Colony, three Delhi Transport Corporation buses were torched.[81][130]

On 16 December, Priyanka Gandhi led a silent protest at the India Gate along with about three hundred congress workers to show solidarity with the students of Jamia Millia Islamia.[20]

On 17 December, Delhi's Seelampur area had stone-throwing crowds face off against police officers. Police retaliated with tear gas and batons, in which, according to local reports, several protesters and officers were injured. There were also reports of a police station being set on fire. According to police, buses were vandalized in the area.[88]

Jamia Millia Islamia

On 13 December, the students of Jamia Millia Islamia University undertook a march to the Parliament, protesting against the CAA. They were prevented from going ahead by the police who used batons and tear gas to disperse the protesters leading to clashes with them. Fifty students were detained by the police after the clash. According to the students, police attacked the peaceful protestors with stones and sticks, in which several students were injured. The students then retaliated with the stones and clash ensued. Police denied the allegations claiming that after the protestors were prevented from taking their march onwards they attacked the policemen with stones first. Police then used tear gas to disperse them.[134]

On the morning of 15 December, more than two thousand students of Jamia joined the protests against CAA in Delhi.[135] Jamia Milia Student Body and Jamia Millia Islamia Teacher’s Association (JTA) condemned the violence that happened on the same day in Delhi and stated that no student or teacher was involved in the violence.[130]

At 6:46 pm on 15 December, hundreds of police officers forcefully entered the campus of Jamia, without the permission of college authority.[130] The police used batons and tear gas on the protesting students.[112] Nearly a hundred students were detained by the Delhi police and released at 3:30 am next morning.[136] The visuals of students being dragged and assaulted by the police was telecasted in the news. Students from all across Delhi joined the agitation.[137] About two hundred people were injured[112] and were admitted to AIIMS and the Holy Family Hospital.[138]

Anti-CAA Banner demonstrated at Cultural Protest organised by Artistes of Assam at AEI ground, Chandmari, Guwahati.

On 16 December, two students of Jamia were admitted to the Safdarjung Hospital with bullet injuries received during the protests on 15 December.[112] One of the victims, M. Tamin stated that he was not participating in the protest and was passing through the area on a motorcycle, when police suddenly started caning the protesters and he was shot in the leg by Police, from a point blank range.[139] The doctors treating him stated that the wounds were gunshot wounds.[140][141] The police stated that they were investigating the allegations of gunshot.[138]

The university has been shut until 5 January and the residents were asked to leave the campus.[142] The vice chancellor of the university stated that they will file a court case against the police, demanding an investigation on how police was entered the university premises and assaulted the students.[30][82]

Response

The police violence was heavily criticized by filmmaker Anurag Kashyap, actor John Cusack and Rajkummar Rao condemned the police violence, with Cusack referring it to fascism and Kashyap calling the government to be "clearly fascist".[143][144] Actor Swara Bhaskar, praised the students protests for raising their voice against communalism and called the police action as dictatorial, brutal, shocking and shameful. She also questioned if it was the police and not the protesters who vandalized the property in Delhi and Aligarh.[145]

Amnesty International India criticized the police for the violence against the students of Jamia and Aligarh University and stated that the allegations of police brutality and sexual harassment against the students should be investigated and culprits be punished. Defending the right of the students to protest, its director stated that the arrest of protesters violate India's obligations under the Article 19 and Article 21 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), to respect and protect the right to freedom of expression and peaceful assembly.[142]

In response to the police crackdown in Jamia Millia Islamia University and Aligarh Muslim University, protests were also joined by the students of the educational institutions of IIT Kanpur, IIT Madras, Jadavpur University, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, IISc, Pondicherry University, IIM Ahmedabad[146], as well as the Students' Federation of India. The students of Jadavpur University, West Bengal, called a protest gathering on 16th December, to "condemn the brutal state terror on the students of Jamia Millia Islamia University".[147]

On 17 December, Police arrested ten people (some of them having criminal history) in the case of the violent clashes in Jamia. None of the arrested were students of Jamia.[148]

Sikkim

Youths and students from Sikkim University joined in the protests against the Citizenship Amendment Act, expressing condemnation for the deaths of protesters in Assam and harsh treatment against students protesting against the Act on Saturday, 14 December. There were also concerns regarding the scrapping of Article 371(F) of the Indian Constitution which safeguards the rights of the local people of Sikkim and demands for introduction of Inner Line Permit in Sikkim.[149]

West Bengal

On Saturday, 14 December, violent protests occurred in West Bengal as the protesters attacked railway stations and public buses. Five trains were set on fire by the protesters in Lalgola and Krishnapur railway stations in Murshidabad district; railway tracks were also damaged in Suti.[85]

On Monday, 16 December, tens of thousands of people joined a demonstration led by Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee and her ruling Trinamool Congress party.[30] Mamata Banerjee stated that the NRC and CAA would be implemented in the state "over her dead body", she further appealed people to maintain peace and tranquility while accusing "outside forces" and "stooges of the BJP" of engaging in violence.[150][151]

On Tuesday, 17 December, road and rail blockades continued in parts of West Bengal though no major incidents of violence were reported while protests continued in the districts of South 24 Parganas, North 24 Parganas and Nadia.[152]

Uttar Pradesh

Protests were held in Aligarh, Kanpur, Bareilly, Varanasi and Lucknow.[153] Banaras Hindu University students also protested in support of AMU and Jamia students.[113]

Aligarh Muslim University

On 15 December, protests against CAA were held outside the campus of the Aligarh Muslim University. On the evening of 15 December, police officers forcefully entered the campus of the University and assaulted the students. At least 60 students were injured including the president of the students Union. The access to the internet was restricted in the area by the district administration. The university was closed from 15 December till 5 January 2020.[83] On the evening of 17 December, police released 26 people (including 8 students) on personal bonds. They had been arrested on charges of violence.[154]

Mau

On 16 December, in response to the police crackdown at Jamia Millia University in Delhi and Aligarh Muslim University over the Citizenship Amendment Act, clashes between the police and protesters occurred in Dakshintola area of Mau, Uttar Pradesh where at least fifteen vehicles (including police vehicles) were torched and pelted with stones. Police resorted to firing in the air and using tear gas to disperse the protesters.[155] A portion of the police station at Mirza Hadipura area of Mau district was set on fire. According to the District magistrate, the protesters were upset with the police action in Jamia University.[136]

Nadwa University, Lucknow

On 16 December, the students of Nadwa University, in Lucknow while protesting inside the campus planned a protest march, but the police locked the gates of the campus from outside to prevent the planned march.[86] A clash between the police and the students locked inside the campus ensued and involved stone pelting from both sides. The police officers were hitting the students with sticks as seen in the television footage.[30][156]

Kerala

On 16 December, the ruling Left Democratic Front (LDF) coalition and the rival parliamentary opposition coalition of United Democratric Front (UDF) organized a joint hunger strike in the Thiruvananthapuram Martyr's Square. Chief Minister Pinarayi Vijayan said that Kerala will "stand together to fight against the evil designs of the Modi government undermining the secular credentials of India, terming the Citizens Amendment Act as "anti-constitutional and anti-people". Leader of the Opposition Ramesh Chennithala observed that another struggle for Independence is required to save the constitution from 'fascist forces'.[157]

Kozhikode city on Monday witnessed a number of protests against the Citizenship (Amendment) Act with people from various walks of life hitting the street to oppose what they called a discriminatory legislation. There were also protests against previous night’s police action on the Jamia Millia campus in the national capital too.Hundreds of students participated in a ‘Long March’ organised by the Kozhikode district committee of the Students' Federation of India, from Kerala Government Polytechnic College to Mananchira, in the afternoon.[158]

On 17 December, Social Democratic Party of India (SDPI) and allied organisations called up harthal against CAA. Buses of Kerala State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC) were vandalised during the protest.[159] Kerala police has detained nearly 233 people in connection with the hartal.[160]

Hundreds of students from 40 colleges and universities all over Kerala conducted a long march and sit down protest on December 18 from 2.30 pm to 5 pm. They also expressed solidarity to the students of Jawaharlal Nehru University, Aligarh Muslim University and Jamia Millia Islamia. Representatives from Pondicherry University and Delhi University were present in the march, which was conducted by a collective called Students' Unity of Ernakulam.[161]

Karnataka

Protests against the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) broke out in various parts of Karnataka on Monday. In Mysore, hundreds of people came out on the street, raising slogans demanding the abolition of the CAA and took out a bike rally against the Act was taken out. Following the agitation, the police imposed prohibitory orders under Section 144 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) terming any congregation in the city of Mysore to be illegal. Bengaluru Police said the imposed Section 144 will be till midnight on December 21.[162] In Bangalore, the IISc students organised a day-long silent protest in front of the statue of Jamsetji Tata in solidarity with the students of Jamia Millia Islamia University in New Delhi and other parts of India. The protesters staged sit-in demonstrations, took out rallies and raised slogans against the BJP government at the Centre.[113]

In Shimoga, former MLA K B Prasanna Kumar who led the protests near Gandhi Park in the city was detained by the police under the premise of the protests potentially turning violent. In Bellary, a rally was taken out on the streets opposing the CAA.[113] The police arrested 38 protesters from Campus Front of India in Mangalore who were marching towards the Deputy Commissioner residence on grounds of blocking traffic on Balmatta Road.[163] Protests were held in Raichur after it became apparent that approximately 5,000 of the 20,000 Bangladeshi immigrants residing at a camp in Sindhanur would obtain citizenship.[164][165]

On 19 December, curfew was imposed in Mangaluru until 20 December, while protesters hit the streets, defying prohibitory orders resulting in the death of 2 people after police firing into a crowd which had .[93][25] Bengaluru police detained hundreds of people including historian Ramachandra Guha who had gathered outside Town Hall in the city to protest against the CAA and the proposed NRC, in the morning.[166]

Tamil Nadu

On 16 December, protest against CAA was organised by the Muslim organisations and political parties, in Tirupathur district of Tamil Nadu. Effigies of Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Home Minister Amit Shah were burnt, after which more than a hundred people were detained by the police.[167] Demonstrations protesting against the CAA and the attack on students in Delhi were also held by the students of Govt Law College at Katpadi and Govt Arts College in Tiruvannamalai.[167]

A protest is organized to be held at Valluvar Kottam in Chennai at 3 pm on Dec 19. On Dec 18, police permission for this protest was revoked.

Gujarat

On 17 December, five students were arrested by Gujarat police for allegedly creating a graffiti against Citizenship Act. According to the police, the students (all in their early twenties) of the Maharaja Sayajirao University's Fine Arts department had made a graffiti that said "no CAB Modi", but instead of the letter 'o' in the phrase the students made a 'swastika' sign. The graffiti was made at locations that included police headquarters, Kala Ghoda Circle, the Fatehgunj pavilion wall and the wall of a hostel near Rosary School. A police complaint was registered on 16 December for "using provocative and humiliating words to hurt sentiments of the people from one community and cause violence, and also damaging public property". The Police in a stated that "They used slogans with certain symbols in their graffiti to intentionally hurt religious sentiments of a particular community and affect public peace and cause riots against members of a community. They also damaged public property." The police has already arrested five and two students who were absconding were being searched.[154]

On 19 December 2019 peaceful protest were held in many parts of Ahmedabad such as Lal Darwaja, Jamalpur ,Juhapura, Mirzapur ,Shah Alam, Nehrunagar. Peaceful protest in Shah Alam turned in violence .Mob in area pelted stone on Police troops resulting severe injuries to Policeman . On the same day in Banaskantha district headquarter Palanpur mob turned Police Jeep

Odisha

Members of the Muslim community from different parts of state, farmer leaders, student activists and Dalit leaders, hit the road in Odisha with a peaceful protest demanding that the amended Citizenship Act and the National Register of Citizens not be implemented in the State. They marched from Satyanagar Masjid towards the residence of Chief Minister Naveen Patnaik. They submitted a memorandum to Chief Minister and Governor Ganeshi Lal.[168][169]

Bihar

On Wednesday, 17 December, posters describing Bihar Chief Minister, Nitish Kumar as "missing" were erected as a form of protest in Patna. Nitish Kumar has been criticised for his silence over the Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2019. while his party, Janata Dal (United), had supported the bill in both the Houses of Parliament as part of the alliance with the Bharatiya Janata Party. The JD(U) party strategist Prashant Kishor, party spokesperson Pavan Verma and MLC Gulam Rasool Balyawi have also voiced dissatisfaction over the party's stance on CAA.[170]

On Thursday, a bandh was called by communist parties in Bihar, supported by a number of small parties, where protesters blocked rail and road traffic in protest against the Citizenship Amendment Act, 2019 and the proposed countrywide implementation of National Register of Citizens. In Patna, the state capital, activists belonging to the All India Students Federation and All India Students Association barged into Rajendra Nagar Terminus and squatted on the tracks disrupting movement of trains for about half an hour early in the morning. Traffic was restored after the protesters were chased away by CRPF personnel. Fresh disturbance was witnessed at the station at around 10 am when hundreds of activists of Jan Adhikar Party Loktantrik burnt tyres on the road adjacent to the Rajendra Nagar Terminus while some of them squatted on the tracks.[171][128]

Worldwide

The Assamese community in London staged a protest outside the High Commission of India.[172] Protests were also held at Harvard University[173]and Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the United States of America, where the students held demonstrations against the violent police crackdown in Jamia Milia Islamia.[130] Protests are also planned in Berlin and Zurich.[174]

Impact

Flights and trains[vague] were suspended as a result of the protest.[175] The government imposed an internet shutdown in the states of Assam, Tripura[5] and 5 Bengal districts.[176] No play was possible on the fourth day of the cricket match between Assam and Services in the 2019–20 Ranji Trophy because of the protests.[177] BCCI shifted two fixtures featuring three northeastern teams to other venues[178]. The protests also affected the football matches of NorthEast United, with their fixture against Chennaiyin getting postponed.[179] The India-Japan summit in Guwahati, which was supposed to be attended by Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe was also cancelled.[180][181] France, Israel, the U.S. and the U.K. have issued travel advisories for nationals travelling to northeast India.[182][183]

See also

References

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  171. ^ "Train services disrupted, roads blocked, ambulance vandalised as anti-CAA protests turn violent in Bihar's Patna, Darbhanga, Muzaffarpur". Firstpost. Retrieved 19 December 2019.
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  173. ^ ""Violent Suppression": Harvard Students Back Jamia, Aligarh Muslim University Protests". NDTV.com. Retrieved 17 December 2019.
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