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Interstate 87 (New York)

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This article is about the Interstate Highway in New York. For the Interstate Highway in North Carolina, see Interstate 87 (North Carolina).
Map
Map of the northeastern United States with I-87 highlighted in red
Route information
Maintained by NYSTA and NYSDOT
Length333.49 mi[2] (536.70 km)
ExistedAugust 14, 1957 (1957-08-14)[1]–present
RestrictionsNo explosives (including in cargo) between exits 11 and 9 on the NYST.
Major junctions
South end I-278 in The Bronx
Major intersections
North end A-15 at Canadian border in Champlain
Location
CountryUnited States
StateNew York
CountiesBronx, Westchester, Rockland, Orange, Ulster, Greene, Albany, Saratoga, Warren, Essex, Clinton
Highway system
← NY 86A→ NY 87
← NY 1ANY 1B→ NY 1X

Interstate 87 (I-87) is a 333.49-mile-long (536.70 km) north–south intrastate Interstate Highway located within the U.S. state of New York, and is most of the main highway between New York City and Montreal. The highway begins at exit 47 off I-278 in the New York City borough of the Bronx, just north of the Triborough Bridge and Grand Central Parkway. From there, the route runs northward through the Hudson Valley, the Capital District, and the easternmost part of the North Country to the Canadian border in the Town of Champlain. At its north end, I-87 continues into Quebec as Autoroute 15 (A-15). I-87 connects with several regionally important roads: I-95 in New York City, New York State Route 17 (NY 17; future I-86) near Harriman, I-84 near Newburgh, and I-90 in Albany. The route is the longest intrastate Interstate Highway in the Interstate Highway System. The highway is not contiguous with I-87 in North Carolina.

I-87 was assigned in 1957 as part of the establishment of the Interstate Highway System. The portion of I-87 south of Albany follows two freeways that predate the Interstate Highway designation, the Major Deegan Expressway (locally known as the Deegan) in New York City and the New York State Thruway from the New York City line to Albany. North of Albany, I-87 follows the Adirondack Northway, a highway built in stages between 1957 and 1967. Early proposals for I-87 called for the route to take a more easterly course through the Hudson Valley and extreme southwestern Connecticut between New York City and Newburgh. These plans were scrapped in 1970 when I-87 was realigned onto the Thruway between Westchester County and Newburgh.

Route description

I-87 makes up most of the major strategic corridor between New York City, the largest metropolitan area in the U.S., and Montreal, the second largest metropolitan area in Canada (formerly the largest metro in Canada). The New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT) considers the route important for commerce, as it connects with numerous highways in the region and serves approximately 80 million people along the Mid-Atlantic States, New England, and Quebec. Motorists can connect to multiple highways on I-87 to travel farther south along I-95 through the mid-Atlantic states, or through numerous other highways to travel farther east into New England.[3]

The highest ridership on the highway is between the Bruckner Expressway and the George Washington Bridge in New York City. The remainder of the route in New York City and its suburbs (mainly Suffern and south) also has particularly high ridership, especially over the Tappan Zee Bridge as it goes over the Hudson River. Upstate, the highest ridership is in Albany and Saratoga, as those are the most populated areas in the north. The lowest ridership is the section of the Thruway between Newburgh and the Berkshire Connector, followed by the Northway through the northern parts of Adirondack Park.

South of Albany

Major Deegan Expressway

Looking north at the Deegan from 138th Street

I-87 and the Major Deegan Expressway begin in the Bronx at the northern approach to the Triborough Bridge, where it connects to the Bruckner Expressway (I-278) at a directional T interchange. The route heads west from the interchange, paralleling loosely with the Harlem River through Mott Haven. After 1 mile (1.6 km), the highway makes a turn to the north, mirroring a change in the nearby river's course. It passes by Yankee Stadium on its way to Highbridge, where the Deegan connects to the Cross Bronx Expressway (I-95 and U.S. Route 1 or US 1) at the eastern approach to the Alexander Hamilton Bridge. The Deegan remains in close proximity to the Harlem River until the waterway turns westward at Kingsbridge to form the northern edge of Manhattan.[4]

The Major Deegan Expressway in the West Bronx

North of Kingsbridge, I-87 and the Major Deegan Expressway follow a generally northeasterly alignment, passing through the center of Van Cortlandt Park as it connects to Mosholu Parkway and Jerome Avenue. Mosholu Parkway also links the Deegan to the Henry Hudson and Saw Mill River parkways, which run parallel to the Major Deegan Expressway through the western Bronx and Manhattan. Past Jerome Avenue, the freeway gains a pair of service roads and heads north to the New York City line, where it becomes the New York State Thruway as it passes into Westchester County. The last northbound exit on the Deegan connects to McLean Avenue, located north of the city line in Yonkers. The exit 14 ramp leads to the service road in the Bronx but does not meet McLean Avenue until it crosses the county line. Southbound access to McLean Avenue is provided by Thruway exit 1 in Yonkers.[4]

New York State Thruway

Main article: New York State Thruway
Looking east along I-87/I-287 (the NYS Thruway) toward the Tappan Zee Bridge from Nordkop Mountain in Suffern

At the New York City–Yonkers border, I-87 changes to the New York State Thruway as the mainline proceeds northward through Yonkers and southern Westchester County. It connects with Central Park Avenue (NY 100) at exit 1, the first of 12 exits within the county. The first few exits serve various local streets, with exit 2 providing access to Yonkers Raceway and exit 3 serving the Cross County Shopping Center. At exit 4, I-87 connects to the Cross County Parkway, an east–west parkway providing access to the Saw Mill River, Bronx River, and Hutchinson River parkways. The north-south parkways and I-95 run parallel to the Thruway through Southern Westchester. The Bronx River parkway leaves to the northeast midway through Yonkers, while the Saw Mill and Sprain Brook parkways follow the Thruway out of the city.[5]

The former Tappan Zee Bridge as seen from Tarrytown.

All three highways take generally parallel tracks to Elmsford, where I-87 directly intersects the Saw Mill River Parkway at exit 7A. Not far to the north is exit 8, a semi-directional T interchange with I-287 (the Cross-Westchester Expressway). I-287 joins the Thruway here, following I-87 west across the Hudson River into Rockland County on the Tappan Zee Bridge. I-87 and I-287 remain overlapped for 15 miles (24 km) through the densely populated southern portion of Rockland County, meeting the Palisades Interstate Parkway and the Garden State Parkway Connector, with the latter providing access to the Garden State Parkway in New Jersey. The Thruway continues generally westward to Suffern, where I-87 and I-287 split at a large semi-directional T interchange (exit 15) only about a half mile from the New Jersey border. At this point, I-287 heads south into New Jersey while I-87 and the Thruway turn northward into the valley of the Ramapo River.[5]

View north along the thruway in Ramapo

The Thruway continues north as a six lane tollway through the river valley toward Harriman, where it encounters the Woodbury toll barrier, the southeastern end of the mainline's major closed ticket system. The barrier is located on the mainline within exit 16 (NY 17), a trumpet interchange. Along with the mainline barrier in Harriman, an electronic toll gantry exists on the exit 16 ramp midway between the Thruway and NY 17 exit 131 (NY 32). Now a completely tolled highway, the Thruway heads northward as it narrows to four lanes, roughly paralleling the Hudson River to the river's west as it serves the city of Newburgh, the village of New Paltz, and the city of Kingston, indirectly connecting to the short I-587 in the latter.[5]

Past Kingston, the highway runs closer to the river as it parallels U.S. Route 9W (US 9W) through the towns of Saugerties, Catskill, Coxsackie, and Ravena. Just north of Ravena, the Thruway meets the west end of the Berkshire Connector, a spur linking the Thruway mainline to the Massachusetts Turnpike 25 miles (40 km) to the east. The highway continues into the vicinity of Albany, where it connects to Troy via I-787 at exit 23 and intersects I-90 at exit 24.[5] The latter of the two junctions is the busiest of the Thruway's exits, serving an estimated 27 million vehicles a year.[6] I-87 then widens to six lanes and runs across the capital city's residential suburbs for 6 miles (9.7 km) to exit 24, a complex interchange with I-90. At this point, I-87 leaves the Thruway to access the nearby south end of the toll-free Adirondack Northway, also known simply as the Northway, while I-90 merges in from the east to follow the Thruway toward Buffalo and then Pennsylvania.[4][5]

Adirondack Northway

Off the Thruway, I-87 and I-90 overlap for a half-mile along I-90's toll-free path through the Albany area. The brief concurrency ends at exit 1 of the Adirondack Northway in Guilderland, a junction also numbered as exit 1 on I-90. Here, I-87 turns to head north toward the Canadian border at Champlain while I-90 continues east toward downtown Albany and Rensselaer County.[4] South of this point, the Northway feeds into a 0.86-mile (1.38 km) expressway spur known locally as Fuller Road Alternate,[2] which links I-87 and I-90 to US 20.[4] Fuller Road Alternate is designated as NY 910F, an unsigned reference route, by the New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT).[2] In 2004, NYSDOT ceremonially designated the entire 176-mile (283 km) Northway as the Adirondack Veterans Memorial Highway.[7]

Albany and Saratoga counties

I-87 heads northeast from I-90 as a six-lane freeway with three lanes in each direction. It immediately traverses the Albany Pine Bush Preserve and passes west of Rensselaer Lake before crossing CSX Transportation's Hudson Subdivision and running parallel to Wolf Road, a business thoroughfare through the town of Colonie. Wolf Road itself begins adjacent to exit 2, a cloverleaf interchange with NY 5 (Central Avenue). Heading northbound, the ramp for exit 2E feeds directly into the intersection of NY 5 and Wolf Road, located just west of Colonie Center, one of the Capital District's largest enclosed shopping malls. I-87 continues to run alongside Wolf Road to exit 4, a modified diamond interchange serving County Route 151 (CR 151, named Albany Shaker Road) and Albany International Airport. Wolf Road ends south of the exit; however, another section begins north of the junction, carrying NY 155 away from the airport. Prior to the Thruway, there was no break in Wolf Road; in essence, exit 4 was built on top of Wolf Road's intersection with Watervliet Shaker Road. I-87 and NY 155 meet at exit 5, with the latter routed along Watervliet Shaker Road.[4]

The Thaddeus Kosciusko Bridge carries I-87 (the Northway) over the Mohawk River north of Albany.

After a brief stretch of housing tracts, I-87 connects to NY 2 and NY 7 at exit 6, a single-point urban interchange, in a commercialized part of Latham. NY 7 joins I-87 here, following the freeway for roughly 0.8 miles (1.3 km) to exit 7, the west end of a limited-access highway previously known locally as Alternate Route 7. While NY 7 heads east toward Troy, I-87 continues north past gradually less commercialized areas as it approaches the northern county line. The businesses ultimately give way to stretches of homes and subdivisions as the highway crosses into Saratoga County by way of the Thaddeus Kosciusko Bridge, called by locals "the twin bridges", spanning the Mohawk River.[4] The northern portion of the Northway through Colonie and Saratoga County is now a heavily traveled commuter route as a six-lane freeway. Since the highway's construction, Saratoga County has become the fastest growing area of the Capital District, and indeed all of upstate New York.[8]

For its first few miles in Saratoga County, I-87 runs across lightly developed parts of the towns of Halfmoon and Clifton Park. Near exit 9, however, the freeway passes through the commercial center of Clifton Park as it connects to NY 146. Clifton Park Center, one of several shopping plazas at the junction, is situated southwest of the exit. Past exit 9, the commercial development subsides as I-87 traverses another area dominated by housing tracts. Just north of the exit, the freeway passes a rest area for northbound traffic. The freeway continues on, passing to the west of the centers of Round Lake at exit 11 and Malta at exit 12. After Malta, I-87 turns slightly to the northeast and begins to loosely parallel the northwestern edge of Saratoga Lake as it crosses Kayaderosseras Creek and enters Saratoga Springs.[4]

As the route comes close to downtown Saratoga Springs, it meets NY 9P at exit 14. The junction is adjacent to the regionally popular Saratoga Race Course and thus receives heavy traffic during the racing season. A southbound-only entrance ramp exists off Nelson Avenue Extension about 1 mile (1.6 km) south of exit 14, designed to handle traffic exiting the track at Saratoga Race Course and the Saratoga Casino and Raceway. The highway continues around the eastern edge of Saratoga Springs to exit 15, where the relatively undeveloped areas east of I-87 are briefly replaced by Wilton's commercial district along NY 50. As I-87 continues northeast through Wilton, it heads across significantly less developed areas, with open fields becoming the most common feature along the road. It continues into Moreau, connecting to US 9 and serving Moreau Lake State Park by way of exit 17, a cloverleaf interchange, before crossing the Hudson River and entering Warren County.[4]

Warren and Essex counties

A view of a divided highway from its righthand roadway, with two lanes separated by a dashed white line. There is almost no other traffic; the surrounding area is wooded with some autumn color visible. Ahead the roadways curves by a hill and disappears.
Northbound Northway in Warren County between exits 23 and 24.

Between the bridge and exit 18, I-87 passes two rest areas, one for each direction. The road's northward course quickly brings it to the outskirts of Glens Falls, and as such the highway heads across another swath of residential neighborhoods. Exits 18 and 19 are the main exits for the city, with the latter connecting to NY 254 near the Aviation Mall, located on NY 254 just west of the route's junction with US 9. A northwestern turn in the freeway takes I-87 past the Great Escape amusement park and lodge, both of which are accessed from exit 20 and NY 149. Past exit 20, I-87 runs across increasingly remote areas of Queensbury as the road enters Adirondack Park and heads toward Lake George. The freeway closely follows US 9 northwest to the village of Lake George, where I-87 meets NY 9N via exits 21 and 22. Route 9N veers to the northeast along the shore of Lake George as "Lake Shore Drive", towards the town of Bolton Landing, a popular village on the shore of Lake George with shops and restaurants. Exit 22 is the last exit before the Northway goes through mostly rural areas and exits become farther apart for about 90 miles (140 km). Here, the Northway narrows from six lanes to four lanes, preparing for the more rural areas and rugged terrain that follow.[4]

A two-lane roadway with a white dashed line in the center, white solid line at the right edge, dashed yellow line at the left and brown metal guardrail alongside the left edge, with woods on either side, drops down a slope in the foreground. In the distance, blue with haze, is an irregular, ragged ridgeline
View to High Peaks region from the northbound side of the Northway in Schroon Lake

North of Lake George, the Northway runs alongside US 9 to Warrensburg, a small town on the Schroon River served by exit 23. The view straight ahead on the northbound side from this interchange acts as an unofficial gateway to the Adirondacks, with tall mountains acting as a backdrop to a straight stretch of highway. While US 9 heads northwest into the Warrensburg to connect to NY-28, I-87 turns northward to follow the east bank of the Schroon River for 17 miles (27 km) through a deep, remote valley. The Northway reaches exit 24 while in this valley, which once again serves the town of Bolton Landing. Exit 25 serves NY-8 at a diamond interchange. The stretch away from US-9 ends at exit 26, where I-87 reconnects to US 9 in Pottersville. At this point, I-87 makes a slight turn to the northeast to follow US 9 as the latter road runs along the western shoreline of Schroon Lake. Both roads pass a handful of lakefront properties on their way into Essex County and the town of Schroon Lake, where the lake comes to an end and NY 74 begins its eastward trek to Ticonderoga at exit 28. The Schroon River resumes north of the exit, and I-87 and US 9 follow the river and its rural valley to the northeast for 15 miles (24 km) to the town of North Hudson.[4]

In North Hudson, the valley becomes less pronounced as the Schroon River reaches its source near exit 30. Here, US 9 and I-87 cross paths again, with the former heading northwest toward Keene and the latter continuing northeast in a narrow valley formed by Ash Craft Brook. After 5 miles (8.0 km), the stream reaches its source at Lincoln Pond, leaving the Northway to climb in elevation and wind its way northeastward across the surrounding mountains. It reaches slightly more level ground in Westport, where I-87 connects to NY 9N at exit 31. From here, the highway takes a generally northerly track across the Bouquet River to the town of Lewis, rejoining US 9 as both roads head toward Clinton County. They split again after 7 miles (11 km) as US 9 veers more easterly than I-87 to serve Keeseville. The Northway, meanwhile, heads to the northwest, bypassing the village to cross the Ausable River and enter Clinton County.[4]

Clinton County

Just across the county line, I-87 intersects NY 9N again at exit 34 in Keeseville, finally leaving the more rural, mountainous areas of the Adirondacks and entering a more populated region. Exit 34 is the southernmost junction to feature bilingual guide signs in English and French due to the road's proximity to Quebec. Past NY 9N, the Northway curves to the north, running along the west side of Keeseville before entering another rural but fairly level stretch that follows I-87 out of Adirondack Park. Now outside the park, the highway encounters more frequent pockets of development as it follows NY 22 into the town of Plattsburgh. Just inside the town line, the Northway crosses over the Salmon River and intersects NY 22 at exit 36, a junction serving nearby Plattsburgh International Airport. While NY 22 heads northeast into the city of Plattsburgh, I-87 runs north through its western suburbs, passing over the Saranac River and intersecting NY 3 at exit 37. The Northway and NY 22 meet again north of downtown at exit 38.[4]

Bilingual sign for exit 34 (NY 9N) in Keeseville.

The section of I-87 between exits 38 and 39 crosses a marshy area surrounding Dead Creek, a stream feeding into nearby Cumberland Bay. Access to the bay shore is provided off to the northeast by exit 39, a modified cloverleaf interchange for NY 314. Continuing away from the junction, I-87 comes within 1 mile (1.6 km) of Lake Champlain as it follows US 9 away from Plattsburgh and northward across open, rolling fields in the towns of Beekmantown and Chazy. Outside of the hamlet of Chazy, the Northway begins to run across a series of wetlands along the west side of US 9. The marshy terrain follows I-87 into the town of Champlain, where I-87 encounters the northernmost community along its course, the village of Champlain. I-87 veers slightly westward to avoid the village, and in doing so it meets US 11 at exit 42, a diamond interchange just west of the village limits.[4]

A divided highway going across a level landscape. On the right is a sign in English and French saying "Last U.S. Exit/Derniere Sortie EE. U." On the left the road goes away from the camera, up a slight rise to a more built-up area with a tall antenna.
Approach to Canadian border in Champlain.

I-87 takes a northerly track from US 11, crossing the Great Chazy River and briefly entering the village limits, where it runs past a series of homes and businesses built up along nearby US 9. As both roads head north out of the village, US 9 connects to the Northway one last time (also the northern terminus of US 9) at exit 43, the last interchange on I-87 before the Canadian border. Past the exit, the highway doubles in width, becoming eight lanes wide as it begins to run past the customs facilities on the American side of the border. The Northway and I-87 end shortly thereafter at the Canadian border, where the highway continues past the Champlain-St. Bernard de Lacolle Border Crossing into Quebec as A-15 toward Montreal.[4]

History

Designation and early construction

"New York State Route 1B" redirects here. For the original alignment of NY 1B in downstate New York, see New York State Route 1B (1932–1941).
See also: New York State Thruway
Overhead signage at the northern terminus of the Major Deegan Expressway

The origins of the Major Deegan Expressway date back to 1936 when the Regional Plan Association concluded that in order to relieve New York City's traffic problems, a limited-access, truck-accessible expressway should be built on the west side of the Bronx. This route would connect the brand-new Triborough Bridge to the proposed New York State Thruway in Westchester County. A 1.5-mile (2.4 km) section of the expressway from the bridge to the Grand Concourse was completed in April 1939. The highway was adorned with Whitestone-style light posts placed every 75 feet (23 m) of the 6-lane highway, each of which were 12 feet (3.7 m) in width.[9] The expressway was designated as New York State Route 1B (NY 1B) c. 1941;[10][11][12] however, the designation was removed by 1947.[13] In 1945, public works planner Robert Moses proposed extending the highway to the proposed Thruway. Construction on the extension began in 1950, and the new route was opened in 1956.[9] The Major Deegan Expressway is named for William Francis Deegan, who died in 1932. He was an architect, a Major in the Army Corps of Engineers and a Democratic political leader in New York City.[14]

I-87 was assigned on August 14, 1957, as part of the establishment of the Interstate Highway System.[1] The highway initially utilized the pre-existing New York State Thruway from Albany to Newburgh and in lower Westchester County, and the Major Deegan Expressway in New York City. From Newburgh to the Elmsford area, I-87 was to follow a new highway running parallel to US 9 northward along the eastern bank of the Hudson River to Fishkill. I-87 would then have followed the proposed I-84 across the Hudson to rejoin the Thruway outside of Newburgh. After the Hudson River Expressway proposal was cancelled in the 1960s, the alignment of I-87 was shifted farther east to follow a newly-completed freeway in the Route 22 corridor that started at I-287 in White Plains, then cut north through the extreme southwest corner of Connecticut before re-entering New York and reaching I-84 at Brewster. I-87 then followed I-84 west to Newburgh. In 1970, the I-87 designation was shifted to the New York State Thruway between Newburgh and the Deegan Expressway; its previous alignment between Brewster and White Plains was redesignated as Interstate 684. Meanwhile, all of the Adirondack Northway, the portion of I-87 slated to extend from Albany north to the Canadian border, had yet to be built.[15][16] Fuller Road Alternate, the spur leading south from the Adirondack Northway to US 20, was originally intended to be part of the Southern Albany Expressway, a proposed highway which would have connected the Northway with I-787 and run parallel to the Thruway between exits 23 and 24.[17]

Map of NY 912Q, once part of I-87

The Northway was built in segments, which became I-87 as they were completed and linked to the pre-existing route. Construction began in the late 1950s on the portion of the Northway between the Thruway and NY 7 near Latham.[18] This segment was open to traffic by 1960, by which time work had begun on two additional segments from Latham to Malta (at NY 67) and from US 9 in northern Saratoga County to US 9 and NY 149 midway between Glens Falls and Lake George village.[16] The expressway was completed between Latham and Clifton Park (NY 146) and from US 9 south of Glens Falls to the Hudson River c. 1961.[19] The US 9–NY 149 section of the highway was finished on May 26, 1961, at a total cost of $9.5 million (equivalent to $96.9 million in 2024).[20][21] Work on the Latham–Malta segment concluded on November 22 of that year with the opening of a $6.6 million piece (equivalent to $67.3 million in 2024) between NY 146 and NY 67.[21][22] When the Latham–Malta segment was opened, it featured one of the few railroad grade crossings on an Interstate Highway, just south of the Thaddeus Kosciusko Bridge over the Hudson. This at-grade crossing was removed within a couple of years when the railroad line was cut backwards and the crossing was no longer needed.[23] Construction on the portion of highway between the two segments began c. 1962.[19][24] The 1.8-mile (2.9 km) part between NY 9P and NY 50 near Saratoga Springs was finished on July 19, 1963,[25] and the entire NY 67–US 9 segment was completed by 1964.[26] An extension linking NY 149 to NY 9N south of Lake George village opened in mid-1963.[25]

By July 1963, the Northway was completed from the Canadian border south to exit 34 at Keeseville.[25] Additionally, the existing Albany–Lake George section was extended slightly by May 1966 to serve the northern part of Lake George. At the time, I-87 curved around the western outskirts of the village to end at NY 9N north of the village[27] on a highway built c. 1964.[28] In mid-1966, the state opened a $23 million section (equivalent to $216 million in 2024) of the Northway between Lake George and exit 26 at Pottersville.[21][29] I-87 was reconfigured slightly near Lake George as a result: instead of heading east to NY 9N, it continued north on a parallel routing to US 9.[30] The Northway's former routing to NY 9N, known infrequently today as the Lake George Connector, is now NY 912Q, an unsigned reference route 0.66 miles (1.06 km) in length. NY 912Q has one intermediate interchange with US 9.[2] On March 5, 1967, the Lake George–Pottersville portion of I-87 was chosen as America's Most Scenic New Highway of 1966 by Parade Magazine. It became the second New York highway to win the award, as a stretch of NY 17 in Broome and Delaware counties was selected for the title in 1964.[29]

Filling the gaps

The gap in the Northway between Pottersville and Keeseville was narrowed considerably by July 1967 with the completion of a 25-mile (40 km) segment from Pottersville to exit 30 at Underwood. It was closed further on July 25, 1967, with the opening of a 3-mile (4.8 km) stretch near Keeseville between exits 34 and 33.[31] The last section of the Northway to be built, a 30-mile (48 km) stretch between Underwood and Keeseville (exit 33), was finished on August 31, 1967.[32] The completion of the Northway linked New York City with Montreal by way of a direct, limited-access highway, with I-87 becoming A-15 at the Canadian border.[33] The total cost to build the Adirondack Northway was $208 million (equivalent to $1.9 billion in 2024).[21][32]

Another gap in I-87 existed in downstate New York, as the plan to build I-87 along the proposed Hudson River Expressway had been scrapped by 1962. Instead, I-87 was now proposed to begin in Port Chester and follow a new routing through Purchase, Armonk, and Katonah to Brewster, where it would join I-84.[34] The routing was modified slightly by 1968: I-87 still began in New York City, then overlapped with I-287 east to Purchase. From there, I-87 headed north along the now-open expressway to Armonk, where it ended at NY 22. Another portion of the highway, from Goldens Bridge (NY 138) to Brewster, was open as well while the part from Armonk to Katonah was under construction.[30] This segment, as well as the part from Katonah to Goldens Bridge, was completed by 1971.[35] On January 1, 1970, I-87 was rerouted between Elmsford and Newburgh to follow the mainline of the Thruway instead, leaving the Purchase–Brewster freeway to become I-684.[36]

Tappan Zee Bridge replacement

Main article: Tappan Zee Bridge (2017–present)
Original Tappan Zee Bridge

The original Tappan Zee Bridge, carrying the concurrency of New York State Thruway, I-87, and I-287, was a cantilever bridge built during 1952–55. The bridge was three miles (4.8 km) long and spanned the Hudson at its second-widest point. Before its replacement in 2017, the deteriorating structure carried an average of 138,000 vehicles per day, substantially more traffic than its designed capacity. During its first decade, the bridge carried fewer than 40,000 vehicles per day. Part of the justification for replacing the bridge stems from its construction immediately following the Korean War on a low budget of only $81 million. Unlike other major bridges in metropolitan New York, the Tappan Zee was designed to last only 50 years.[37] The Federal Highway Administration issued a report in October 2011 designating the Tappan Zee's replacement to be a dual-span twin bridge.[38]

Construction officially began in October 2013,[39][40] with the new spans being built to the north of the existing bridge. The new bridge connects to the existing highway approaches of I-87 and I-287 on both river banks.[38] The northbound/westbound span opened on August 25, 2017.[41][42] Southbound/eastbound traffic remained on the old bridge until October 6, 2017. At that point, southbound/eastbound traffic shifted to the westbound span of the new bridge and the old bridge closed.[43][44] The bridge's eastbound span opened to traffic on September 11, 2018.[45][46] Upon completion, the new Tappan Zee Bridge became one of the longest cable-stayed spans in the nation.[47]

In June 2017, the Tappan Zee Bridge was renamed the Governor Mario M. Cuomo Bridge.[48] The renaming resulted in controversy from the public who wanted to keep the name to honor Tappan Indians and Dutch who previously resided in the area.[49] In August 2019, some signs for the bridge were replaced because they did not include the governor's middle initial in the name.[50]

Other developments

In the wake of former New York Yankees player Joe DiMaggio's death on March 8, 1999, Governor George Pataki proposed renaming the Deegan Expressway to the "Joe DiMaggio Highway." However, New York City Mayor Rudy Giuliani favored renaming the West Side Highway for DiMaggio instead.[51] Pataki agreed to Giuliani's proposal one week later.[52]

A long stretch of the Northway through the Adirondack Park had been an unserved zone for cellular telephone service. In 2007, a driver who crashed off the road was unable to summon help, prompting messages from local governments to telephone companies to add new wireless towers to address the problem and warning signs to inform travelers of the so-called "dark zone".[53] Throughout this area, roadside emergency call boxes are located approximately every two miles on both sides of the roadway. These boxes use a two-way UHF radio network to connect directly to New York State Police dispatchers. The first of 13 new cellular phone towers along I-87 was installed in October 2008. A second cellular phone tower was completed just one month later.[54]

Exit 6 on the Adirondack Northway was originally a diamond interchange.[55] Construction to convert the junction into a single-point urban interchange began in mid-2008[56] and was completed on September 12, 2010.[57] The total cost of the project was $41.9 million.[56]

Albany Airport Connector

Main article: Interstate 687

Until October 2019, there was no exit 3 on the Northway section of I-87, as this number was reserved for an interchange with the now cancelled I-687.[58] A project to improve access to the Albany International Airport at exit 4 is currently underway. The two old deteriorating bridges at exit 4 which had carried 102,000 vehicles a day were replaced. Once the new replacement bridges were built, the old bridges were demolished. Construction began in February 2015 and was completed on October 31, 2015.[59]

In August 2018, plans were announced to build a new exit 3 on the Northway, providing more direct access from both directions to Albany International Airport.[60] The project will be completed by Lancaster Development and Tully Construction at a cost of $50 million and will be completed by mid-2020.[61] As part of the interchange, a flyover ramp is currently being constructed over the Northway, allowing northbound and traffic direct access to Albany Shaker Road/NY 155 near The Desmond Hotel Albany. Southbound traffic is able to both exit and enter to/from the connector.[62]

The southbound exit and entrance for the connector (exit 3) opened on October 20, 2019.[63] Traffic signals were installed at the intersection of Albany Shaker Road and the connector. The northbound exit is planned to open by the end of 2019. Other improvements to be completed as part of the project include:

  • Current exit 4 on I-87 northbound will be changed to a right turn only onto Wolf Road.
  • Current exit 4 on I-87 southbound will be changed to a right turn only onto Old Wolf Road.
  • A new direct entrance ramp will be built from exit 5 (Watervliet-Shaker Road/NY 155) to I-87 southbound.
  • Turn lanes, sidewalks, and medians will be added to Albany Shaker Road between the intersections with the flyover ramps and Wolf Road. A new shared use path would be built along Albany Shaker Road between the intersections with the flyover ramps and Albany International Airport.
  • A new noise wall along I-87 northbound will be built between exits 4 and 5.

Afternoon traffic is expected to be reduced by 54%, and morning traffic is expected to decrease by 29%.[62]

Emergency landing

On January 4, 2014, a Piper PA-28 Cherokee made an emergency landing on the Major Deegan Expressway, near exit 13.[64][65][66]

Exit list

The mileposts below follow actual signage, even though the route is continuous. For the Bronx section of I-87, mile 0.00 is just north of the RFK Bridge. For the Thruway section of I-87, mile 0.00 is at the Yonkers-Bronx city line. For the Northway section of I-87, mile 0.00 is just north of the overpass with I-90.[67][68]

CountyLocation[68]mi[68]kmExitDestinationsNotes
The BronxPort Morris0.000.00– I-278 (RFK Bridge / Bruckner Expressway) – Manhattan, Queens, New HavenToll gantry for I-278 west; exit 47 on I-278
Mott Haven–Bruckner BoulevardNorthbound entrance only
0.300.481Brook AvenueSouthbound exit and entrance; entrance feeds directly to I-278 west
0.560.902Willis Avenue – Third Avenue BridgeNo southbound entrance
0.80–
1.15		1.29–
1.85		3Grand Concourse / East 138th Street / Madison Avenue Bridge
1.302.094East 149th Street / 145th Street Bridge – Yankee StadiumNorthbound exit only
Highbridge2.443.935East 161st Street / Macombs Dam Bridge – Yankee Stadium
2.303.706East 153rd Street / River Avenue – Yankee StadiumSouthbound exit and entrance
3.405.477 I-95 / US 1 (Cross Bronx Expressway) – New Haven, TrentonSigned as exits 7N (north) and 7S (south)
University Heights4.106.608West 179th StreetNorthbound exit and entrance
4.767.669West Fordham Road / University Heights Bridge
Kingsbridge5.929.5310West 230th Street
Van Cortlandt Park6.8811.0711Van Cortlandt Park SouthAccess to Van Cortlandt Park
7.2111.6012

 Henry Hudson Parkway south / Saw Mill River Parkway north		Access via Mosholu Parkway; northbound exit and southbound entrance
7.6012.23Van Cortlandt Service Area
7.5512.1513East 233rd StreetAlso serves Jerome Avenue; Northbound ramp diverges before service area
8.2013.2014McLean AvenueNorthbound exit and southbound entrance; other movements via Thruway exit 1
Bronx–Westchester
county line		Van Cortlandt Park–Yonkers line8.30
0.00		13.36
0.00		Northern terminus of Major Deegan Expressway; southern terminus of the New York State Thruway
WestchesterYonkers0.480.771Hall Place / McLean AvenueMcLean Avenue not signed northbound
0.921.482Yonkers Avenue – RacewayNorthbound exit and southbound entrance; other movements via exit 4
1.772.853Mile Square RoadNorthbound exit and southbound entrance; other movements via exit 4
2.183.514 Cross County ParkwayExits 4N-S on Cross County Parkway
2.704.355
 NY 100 north (Central Park Avenue) – White Plains		Northbound exit and southbound entrance; southern terminus of NY 100
4.006.446Tuckahoe Road (CR 36) – Bronxville, Tuckahoe, YonkersSigned as exits 6E (east) and 6W (west) southbound
5.148.276ARidge Hill Boulevard / Stew Leonard Drive
5.478.80Yonkers Toll Gantry (E-ZPass or Toll by Mail)
Greenburgh6.109.82Ardsley Service Area (northbound)
Ardsley7.5812.207 NY 9A – ArdsleyNorthbound exit and southbound entrance
Elmsford10.3316.627A

 Saw Mill River Parkway north to Taconic State Parkway		Northbound exit and entrance; other movements via exit 8

 Saw Mill River Parkway south		Southbound exit only; other movements via exit 8
10.5016.908

 I-287 east / NY 119 / Saw Mill River Parkway north – White Plains, Rye, Elmsford		Southern terminus of I-287 concurrency; signed as exits 8 (I-287) and 8A (NY 119 / Saw Mill) southbound
Tarrytown12.6520.369 US 9 / NY 119 – Tarrytown, Sleepy HollowNY 119 not signed
Hudson River12.80–
14.50		20.60–
23.34		Tappan Zee (Governor Mario M. Cuomo) Bridge
RocklandSouth Nyack14.7623.75Tappan Zee Bridge Toll Gantry (E-ZPass or Toll by Mail, southbound only[69])
16.4926.5410 US 9W – Nyack, South NyackNo southbound exit
Nyack17.6328.3711 US 9W / NY 59 – Nyack, South NyackNY 59 not signed
West Nyack18.7630.1912 NY 303 – West NyackModule:Jct warning: "road" parameter is deprecated
20.9433.7013Lua error in Module:Jct at line 204: attempt to concatenate local 'link' (a nil value).Signed as exit 13N (north) and exit 13S (south); exits 9E-W on Palisades Parkway
Nanuet22.8036.6914 NY 59 – Spring Valley, Nanuet
23.0037.01– CR 35 (Pascack Road)Module:Jct warning: "road" parameter is deprecatedSouthbound entrance only
Spring Valley23.5337.8714A
 Garden State Parkway south – New Jersey		Access via Garden State Parkway Connector
24.3139.12Spring Valley Toll Gantry (E-ZPass or Toll by Mail, northbound only)
Airmont27.6244.4514B Airmont Road (CR 89) – Airmont, MontebelloAccess to Good Samaritan Regional Medical Center; exit opened February 28, 1974[70]
Suffern30.1748.5515

 I-287 south / Route 17 south – New Jersey		Northern terminus of I-287 concurrency; southern terminus of NY 17 concurrency
31.3550.4515A
 NY 17 north / NY 59 – Sloatsburg, Suffern		Northern terminus of concurrency with NY 17
Sloatsburg32.4052.14Tandem Trailer Area
33.2053.43Sloatsburg-Ramapo Service Area
OrangeHarriman45.0072.4216
 US 6 / NY 17 / NY 32 north – Harriman		Harriman Toll Gantry; NY 32 not signed; NY 17 is Future I-86
Woodbury Toll Barrier (Southern end of ticketed system)
Newburgh60.1096.7217 I-84 / NY 300 / NY 17K – Scranton, Newburgh, DanburyExit 36A on I-84
64.8–
65.9		104.3–
106.1		Plattekill-Modena Service Area
UlsterNew Paltz76.01122.3318 NY 299 – Mid-Hudson Bridge, New Paltz, Poughkeepsie
Ulster91.37147.0519
 I-587 south / NY 28 – Kingston, Rhinecliff Bridge, Woodstock		I-587 not signed
96.30154.98Ulster Service Area (southbound)
Saugerties101.25162.9520 NY 32 / NY 212 – Saugerties, WoodstockNY 212 not signed
103.20166.08Malden Service Area (northbound)
GreeneCatskill113.89183.2921 NY 23 – Cairo, Catskill, Hudson, Rip Van Winkle BridgeAccees via CR 23B
New Baltimore124.53200.4121B
 US 9W to NY 81 – Coxsackie, Ravena
127.30204.87New Baltimore Service Area / Capital Region Welcome Center
AlbanySelkirk133.60215.0121A
 To I-90 – BostonModule:Jct warning: "road" parameter is deprecated		Access via Berkshire Connector
134.93217.1522
 NY 144 to NY 396 – Selkirk
Albany141.92228.4023
 I-787 north / US 9W – Albany, Troy, Rensselaer		Southern terminus of I-787; also serves Times Union Center
148.15
0.00		238.42
0.00		24
1W

 I-90 west / New York Thruway west – Buffalo		Signed as exit 24 northbound & exit 1W southbound; I-87 leaves the New York State Thruway
Exit 24 Toll Barrier (Northern end of ticketed system)
1S
 To US 20 (Western Avenue)Module:Jct warning: "road" parameter is deprecated		Access via Fuller Road Alternate
1E
 I-90 east – Albany, Boston		Signed as exit 1N northbound
Colonie1.322.122 NY 5 (Central Avenue) – Albany, SchenectadyModule:Jct warning: "road" parameter is deprecatedSigned as exits 2E (east) and 2W (west); no southbound signage for Wolf Road
3.004.833
 NY 155 west – Albany International AirportModule:Jct warning: "road" parameter is deprecated		Opened November 2019; northbound entrance via exit 4; formerly planned for I-687
3.104.994Wolf RoadSouthbound entrance via exit 3
4.216.785
 NY 155 east – Latham
Latham5.468.796

 NY 7 west / NY 2 east – Schenectady, Watervliet		Southern terminus of NY 7 concurrency
6.019.677
 NY 7 east / US 9 / NY 9R – Troy, Cohoes		Northern terminus of NY 7 concurrency
Mohawk River8.2413.26Thaddeus Kosciusko Bridge
SaratogaHalfmoon10.2516.508 Crescent–Vischer Ferry Road (CR 92) / NY 911P – Vischer Ferry, CrescentEastern terminus of CR 92
Clifton Park11.5618.608A Grooms Road (CR 91) – WaterfordExit opened in 1994[71]
13.1021.089 NY 146 – Clifton Park, HalfmoonSigned as exits 9W (west) and 9E (east) southbound
14.2022.85Clifton Park Rest Area (northbound)
Jonesville16.0025.7510Ushers Road (NY 911T) – Ballston Lake, Jonesville
Round Lake18.5629.8711 Round Lake Road (CR 80) – Burnt Hills, Round Lake
Malta20.8633.5712 NY 67 – Ballston Spa, Malta
24.5439.4913 US 9 (Broadway) – Saratoga Lake, Ballston SpaSigned as exit 13S (south) and exit 13N (north)
Saratoga Springs27.3043.94—Crescent AvenueSouthbound entrance, only
28.5645.9614
 NY 9P (Union Avenue) to NY 29 – Saratoga Springs, Schuylerville
30.3548.8415
 NY 50 to NY 29 – Saratoga Springs, Gansevoort, Schuylerville		Access to Saratoga Hospital
Wilton35.8657.7116 Ballard Road (CR 33) – Wilton, Corinth
Moreau40.6465.4017 US 9 (Saratoga Road) – South Glens Falls, Moreau Lake State ParkSigned as exit 17N (north) and exit 17S (south)
Hudson River42.7368.77Bridge
WarrenGlens Falls43.7070.33Glens Falls Rest Area / Adirondacks Welcome Center
45.1772.6918 Corinth Road (CR 28) – Glens Falls, CorinthAccess to Glens Falls Hospital
Queensbury47.5276.4819 NY 254 – Glens Falls, Hudson Falls
49.8080.1520 NY 149 / US 9 – Fort Ann, Whitehall
Queensbury–Lake George
town line		51.2382.45Southern boundary of Adirondack Park
Village of Lake George52.9885.2621 NY 9N – Lake Luzerne, Lake George
55.0288.5522 US 9 / NY 9N – Lake George, Diamond Point
Warrensburg59.4595.6823 Diamond Point Road (CR 35) – Warrensburg, Diamond Point
Bolton Landing67.85109.1924 Riverbank Road (CR 11) – Bolton Landing
Chester73.22117.8425 NY 8 – Chestertown, Hague
Pottersville78.00–
78.59		125.53–
126.48		26 US 9 – Pottersville, Minerva
EssexSchroon Lake81.99131.9527 US 9 – Schroon LakeNorthbound exit and southbound entrance
88.70142.7528
 NY 74 east – Ticonderoga, Crown Point		Also serves Fort Ticonderoga and Ticonderoga-Larrabees Ferry
North Hudson94.63152.2929 Blue Ridge Road (CR 84) – Newcomb, North Hudson
99.50160.13High Peaks Rest Area
104.46168.1130 US 9 / NY 73 – Keene Valley, Keene
Westport117.58189.2331 NY 9N – Elizabethtown, WestportAccess to Essex NY-Charlotte VT Ferry
Lewis122.90197.79Lewis Rest Area
123.48198.7232 Stowersville Road (CR 12) – Lewis, Willsboro
Chesterfield134.98217.2333 US 9 / NY 22 – Keeseville, Willsboro, EssexAccess to Essex NY-Charlotte VT Ferry
Ausable River138.34222.64Bridge
ClintonAu Sable138.74223.2834 NY 9N – Au Sable Forks, Keeseville
Au Sable–Peru
town line		142.41229.19Northern boundary of Adirondack Park
Peru144.51232.5735 NY 442 (Bear Swamp Road) – Peru, Valcour, Port Kent
146.60235.93Valcour Rest Area (northbound)
Plattsburgh150.10241.5636 NY 22 – Plattsburgh International Airport
153.06246.3337 NY 3 – Plattsburgh, Saranac LakeAccess to Champlain Valley Physicians Hospital
154.87249.2438 NY 22 / NY 374 – Plattsburgh, DannemoraSigned as exit 38S (south) and exit 38N (north)
156.36251.6439
39E
 NY 314 east – Cumberland Head, Plattsburgh Bay		Signed as exit 39 northbound, 39E southbound. Access to Cumberland Head NY-Grand Isle VT Ferry
39NMoffitt RoadSouthbound exit; northbound exit is part of exit 39
Beekmantown160.18257.7840 CR 58 – Beekmantown, Point au RocheFormerly NY 456
Chazy162.10260.87Point au Roche-Beekmantown Rest Area / Gateway Information Center
167.77270.0041 CR 23 – Chazy, SciotaFormerly NY 191
Town of Champlain174.21280.3642 US 11 – Mooers, Rouses Point
175.53282.4943 US 9 – ChamplainNorthern terminus of US 9; last exit in the United States
176.16283.50— A-15 north – MontrealContinuation into Canada at Saint-Bernard-de-Lacolle, Quebec
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

Auxiliary routes

Main articles: Interstate 287, Interstate 487, Interstate 587, Interstate 687, and Interstate 787

The road has three current spur routes, all located along the Thruway portion of I-87.[2] I-287 serves as a 99-mile (159 km) bypass around New York City, beginning at the New Jersey Turnpike in Middlesex County, New Jersey, and ending at I-95 (the New England Thruway) near the Connecticut border in Rye. I-287 and I-87 overlap for 19 miles (31 km) across Westchester and Rockland counties.[2][72] East of the concurrency, I-287 is known as the Cross-Westchester Expressway.[4] The other two spurs, the 2-mile (3.2 km) I-587 and the 10-mile (16 km) I-787, link I-87 to the cities of Kingston and Albany, respectively.[2]

Two other spurs of I-87 were planned but never constructed. In the Hudson Valley, I-487 would have run along the Hudson River from I-87 and I-287 in Tarrytown to I-84 east of Beacon.[73][74] The other spur, I-687, would have connected I-90 in Albany to I-87 near Albany International Airport in Colonie.[58] Both routes were cancelled in the 1970s as a result of public opposition.[74][75] Part of what would’ve been I-487 is now the Croton Expressway, which is part of US 9, and part of what would’ve been I-687 is now the Albany Airport Connector, which provides direct access between the Northway (I-87) and Albany International Airport.[76] However, plans to fully build either route have been completely dead for decades.

See also

References

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  2. ^ a b c d e f g "2011 Traffic Volume Report for New York State" (PDF). New York State Department of Transportation. September 25, 2012. pp. 142–145, 207, 242, 244–245, 261, 263. Retrieved December 26, 2012.
  3. ^ Parsons-Clough Harbour (May 2004). "2.1: Highways and Bridges" (PDF). I-87 Multimodal Corridor Study. New York State Department of Transportation. p. 2.1-1. Retrieved August 14, 2015.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p "Overview Map of the Major Deegan Expressway" (Map). Google Maps. Retrieved December 26, 2012.
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  7. ^ "Northway renamed for veterans". The Daily Gazette. Schenectady, NY. November 6, 2004. p. B6.
  8. ^ Aaron, Kenneth (October 3, 2004). "Growing predicament". Times Union. Albany, NY.
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  72. ^ "I-287 Straight Line Diagram" (PDF). New Jersey Department of Transportation. February 2010. Retrieved December 26, 2012.
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  74. ^ a b Bird, David (November 21, 1971). "Hudson Expressway Plan Is 'Dead,' Rockefeller Says". The New York Times. Retrieved September 2, 2008.
  75. ^ "State Bids U.S. Delete Interstate 687 Approval". Schenectady Gazette. October 15, 1973. p. 26. Retrieved August 27, 2010.
  76. ^ Governor's Press Office (December 23, 2018). "Governor Cuomo Announces 50 Million Albany Airport Connector" (Press release). Governor's Press Office. Retrieved December 3, 2018.
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