Call-out culture
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Call-out culture (also referred to as outrage culture) is a form of public humiliation or shaming that aims to hold individuals and groups accountable for actions perceived to be offensive by other individuals or groups, who then call attention to this behavior, usually on social media.[1][2] A variant of the term, cancel culture, describes a form of boycott in which someone (usually a celebrity) who has shared a questionable or controversial opinion, or has had behavior in their past that is perceived to be either offensive called out on social media, is "canceled"; they are completely boycotted by many of their followers or supporters, often leading to massive declines in celebrities' (almost always social media personalities) careers and fanbase.[3][4]
Description
Michael Bérubé, a professor of literature at Pennsylvania State University, states, "in social media, what is known as 'callout culture' and 'ally theater' (in which people demonstrate their bona fides as allies of a vulnerable population) often produces a swell of online outrage that demands that a post or a tweet be taken down or deleted".[5]
Lisa Nakamura, a professor at the University of Michigan, contemplates call-out culture as an opportunity to educate.[6] She described cancel culture as a "cultural boycott", adding that "when you deprive someone of your attention, you're depriving them of a livelihood."[7]
Condemnations of "cancel culture" are often understood to be complaints to delegitimize criticism, especially when consequences result. The commercial consequences of criticism have also been exaggerated.[8] People who experience "canceling" report effects on their personal lives.[9]
Call-out culture and canceling can also affect teens who use social media by reducing their social media participation.[1]
See also
- Damnatio memoriae
- Deplatforming
- Hashtag activism
- Internet vigilantism
- Mobbing
- Online shaming
- Ostracism
- Shunning
- Slacktivism
References
- ^ a b Huffman, Ethan M (2016). Call-out culture: how online shaming affects social media participation in young adults (Thesis). OCLC 1012943751.
- ^ Melo, Dan (4 February 2019). "What's Missing From Call-Out Culture: The Opportunity to Change". Areo.
- ^ Sills, Sophie; Pickens, Chelsea; Beach, Karishma; Jones, Lloyd; Calder-Dawe, Octavia; Benton-Greig, Paulette; Gavey, Nicola (23 March 2016). "Rape culture and social media: young critics and a feminist counterpublic". Feminist Media Studies. 16 (6): 935–951. doi:10.1080/14680777.2015.1137962.
- ^ Munro, Ealasaid (23 August 2013). "Feminism: A Fourth Wave?". Political Insight. 4 (2): 22–25. doi:10.1111/2041-9066.12021.
- ^ Bérubé, Michael (January 2018). "The Way We Review Now". PMLA. 133 (1): 132–138. doi:10.1632/pmla.2018.133.1.132.
- ^ Nakamura, Lisa (15 December 2015). "The Unwanted Labour of Social Media: Women of Colour Call Out Culture As Venture Community Management". New Formations. 86 (86): 106–112. doi:10.3898/NEWF.86.06.2015.
- ^ Bromwich, Jonah Engel (28 June 2018). "Everyone Is Canceled". The New York Times.
- ^ Hagi, Sarah (21 November 2019). "Cancel Culture Is Not Real—At Least Not in the Way People Think". TIME Magazine.
- ^ McDermott, John (2 November 2019). "Those People We Tried to Cancel? They're All Hanging Out Together". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 25 February 2020.
External links
- "Well It Sure Was a Big Year for the 'Call-out Culture' Wikipedia Page", by Molly Osberg, Jezebel, 30 December 2019