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Call-out culture

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Call-out culture (also referred to as outrage culture) is a form of public humiliation or shaming that aims to hold individuals and groups accountable for actions perceived to be offensive by other individuals or groups, who then call attention to this behavior, usually on social media.[1][2]


Cancel culture (a variant term) describes a form of boycott in which someone (usually a celebrity) who has shared a questionable or controversial opinion, or has had behavior in their past that is perceived to be offensive called out on social media, is "canceled"; they are completely boycotted by many of their former followers or supporters, often leading to massive declines in celebrities' (almost always social media personalities) careers and fanbase.[3][4]

Scholarly Descriptions

Michael Bérubé, a professor of literature at Pennsylvania State University, states, "in social media, what is known as 'callout culture' and 'ally theater' (in which people demonstrate their bona fides as allies of a vulnerable population) often produces a swell of online outrage that demands that a post or a tweet be taken down or deleted".[5]

Lisa Nakamura, a professor at the University of Michigan, contemplates call-out culture as an opportunity to educate.[6] She described cancel culture as a "cultural boycott", adding that "when you deprive someone of your attention, you're depriving them of a livelihood."[7]

Condemnations of "cancel culture" are often understood to be complaints to delegitimize criticism, especially when consequences result. The commercial consequences of criticism have also been exaggerated.[8] People who experience "canceling" report effects on their personal lives.[9]

Call-out culture and canceling can also affect teens who use social media by reducing their social media participation.[1]

File:Pictured-james-charles-arrives-to-the-2018-e-peoples-choice-news-photo-1578076094.jpg
James Charles, 20 y/o Beauty Youtuber at the 2018 E! Peoples Choice Awards

Famous Examples

James Charles

James Charles demonstrates the effects of Cancel and Call-Out Culture. He was a young and famous internet sensation known for being the first male face of CoverGirl, amassing over 16 million followers on Instagram, and having his own brand[10]. However, in May 2019, Tati Westbrook, a fellow youtube blogger and friend of James Charles, revealed to her subscribers how James Charles violated their friendship by supporting Westbrook’s rival company online[10][11]. The video in which she revealed this information accumulated over 40 million views[10]. In the following backlash, which included more “receipts”, or online media/digital records meant to show evidence of innocence or guilt, James Charles was also accused of Racism, Transphobia, among other things[10][11]. In this backlash, the consequence of cultural cancel culture (also known as call-out culture), can be seen. James Charles YouTube account lost over 3 million followers, and people ridiculed him and his brand widely online[10][11].

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Huffman, Ethan M (2016). Call-out culture: how online shaming affects social media participation in young adults (Thesis). OCLC 1012943751.
  2. ^ Melo, Dan (4 February 2019). "What's Missing From Call-Out Culture: The Opportunity to Change". Areo.
  3. ^ Sills, Sophie; Pickens, Chelsea; Beach, Karishma; Jones, Lloyd; Calder-Dawe, Octavia; Benton-Greig, Paulette; Gavey, Nicola (23 March 2016). "Rape culture and social media: young critics and a feminist counterpublic". Feminist Media Studies. 16 (6): 935–951. doi:10.1080/14680777.2015.1137962.
  4. ^ Munro, Ealasaid (23 August 2013). "Feminism: A Fourth Wave?". Political Insight. 4 (2): 22–25. doi:10.1111/2041-9066.12021.
  5. ^ Bérubé, Michael (January 2018). "The Way We Review Now". PMLA. 133 (1): 132–138. doi:10.1632/pmla.2018.133.1.132.
  6. ^ Nakamura, Lisa (15 December 2015). "The Unwanted Labour of Social Media: Women of Colour Call Out Culture As Venture Community Management". New Formations. 86 (86): 106–112. doi:10.3898/NEWF.86.06.2015.
  7. ^ Bromwich, Jonah Engel (28 June 2018). "Everyone Is Canceled". The New York Times.
  8. ^ Hagi, Sarah (21 November 2019). "Cancel Culture Is Not Real—At Least Not in the Way People Think". TIME Magazine.
  9. ^ McDermott, John (2 November 2019). "Those People We Tried to Cancel? They're All Hanging Out Together". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 25 February 2020.
  10. ^ a b c d e Safronova, Valeriya (14 May 2019). "James Charles, From 'CoverBoy' to Canceled". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
  11. ^ a b c "The canceling of James Charles: Beauty guru loses 3 million subscribers in a weekend". NBC News. Retrieved 14 March 2020.


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