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This Is America (song)

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"This Is America"
Single by Childish Gambino
ReleasedMay 5, 2018 (2018-05-05)
Genre
Length3:45
Label
Composer(s)
Lyricist(s)Donald Glover
Producer(s)
  • Donald Glover
  • Ludwig Göransson
Childish Gambino singles chronology
"Terrified"
(2017) 		"This Is America"
(2018) 		"Summertime Magic"
(2018)
Music video
"This Is America" on YouTube

"This Is America" is a song by American rapper Donald Glover, under his musical stage name Childish Gambino. Written by Glover, Ludwig Göransson, and Jeffery Lamar Williams,[4] and produced by Glover and Göransson, it was released on May 5, 2018, at the same time that Gambino was hosting an episode of Saturday Night Live. The song features background vocals by American rappers Young Thug (who also has writing credit as Williams), Slim Jxmmi of Rae Sremmurd, BlocBoy JB, Quavo of Migos, and 21 Savage.[5][6] The song addresses the wider issue of gun violence in the United States, the high rate of mass shootings in the United States, along with longstanding racism and discrimination against African Americans.

The song's accompanying music video was directed by filmmaker Hiro Murai, a frequent Gambino collaborator.[7][8] According to RCA Records, the song is not intended to be the first single from Gambino's upcoming studio album.[9][10] "This Is America" became the 31st song to debut at number one on the US Billboard Hot 100, becoming both Gambino's first number one and top ten single in the country. It has also topped the charts in Australia, Canada, and New Zealand. The song won in all four of its nominated categories at the 61st Annual Grammy Awards: Record of the Year, Song of the Year, Best Rap/Sung Performance and Best Music Video. This made Gambino the first hip-hop artist to win Record of the Year and Song of the Year, and "This Is America" the first rap song to win these awards.[11]

Composition

The song features a gospel-style choir and background contributions from various American rappers. Young Thug, Slim Jxmmi, BlocBoy JB, 21 Savage and Quavo each deliver an ad-lib.[8][12] Young Thug returns to supply the song's outro.[6] The lyrics primarily address being black in the United States and gun violence in the country.[13] It also touches on police brutality.[14][15] Pitchfork's Stephen Kearse described the song as a representation of the "tightrope of being black", with the song "built on the sharp contrast between jolly, syncretic melodies and menacing trap cadences".[16]

Media outlets reported that a number of listeners accused Gambino of plagiarism over "This Is America", pointing out the similarities between the song and "American Pharaoh" by Jase Harley.[17][18] CBS News stated, "The tracks have a similar sound, and share similar themes in the lyrics." Harley stated that he felt "This Is America" was influenced by his song, but that he does not have an issue with it. Glover's manager, Fam Rothstein, denied any plagiarism.[19]

Music video

In the music video, Gambino assumes a stance similar to the Jim Crow caricature

The music video was directed by Hiro Murai and released on YouTube simultaneously with Gambino's performance of the song on Saturday Night Live. The video received about 12.9 million views in 24 hours,[20] and has over 648 million views as of March 2020.[21] In an interview with the New York Times, Murai discussed his upcoming season for Atlanta, a show involving Gambino. He stated, "There's sort of a world-weariness in both this season and the music video. They're both reactions to what's happening in the world."[22]

The video contains many scenes involving violence. It starts off with a shirtless Gambino dancing through a warehouse, interacting with a series of chaotic scenes. According to Murai, the video was inspired by the films Mother! and City of God. Prettyman states "The video tests us, taunting us to keep pace as we try to decode every gesture and calculation". [23] Choreographed by Sherrie Silver, Gambino and his entourage of young dancers perform several viral dance moves including the South African Gwara Gwara and "Shoot" popularized by BlocBoy JB, who is one of the ad-lib contributors on the song. Gambino's dancing is contrasted against moments of violence. Only 53 seconds into the video, Gambino shoots a man in the back of the head with a handgun, while assuming a comical stance similar to a Jim Crow caricature. The first person depicted as being shot in the video, a guitarist who had been accompanying Gambino's singing up to that point, was musician Calvin the Second, but was initially mistaken by many viewers to be the father of 17-year-old gun violence victim Trayvon Martin. This first shooting also marks a transition in the music, from an African "folk-inspired melody" to "dark, pulsing trap".[24]

At a later point, Childish Gambino uses a Kalashnikov patterned automatic weapon to gun down a church choir, which viewers have interpreted as a reference to the 2015 Charleston church shooting. In both instances, a child appears from off-screen holding a red cloth, on which Gambino gently lays the weapon used, while the bodies are simply dragged away, which viewers have interpreted "as a reference to Americans' willingness to protect gun rights over people". Scenes also involved children using their cell phones to record the chaos happening in the video, while Gambino sings the lyrics "This a celly / That's a tool". Martha Tesema, writer for website Mashable, stated that "cell phones have been used as tools to broadcast police shooting, rioting against, or choking black people in this country". Throughout the video, numerous vehicles from several decades ago are featured, many of them with their hazard lights flashing and the driver's side door ajar, which critics interpreted as representing fatal police shootings during traffic stops, particularly the shooting of Philando Castile, who was shot while in a 1997 Oldsmobile; others have interpreted that the older model cars represent the relative lack of upward mobility of African Americans. American singer SZA makes a cameo appearance towards the end of the video, seated atop one of these vehicles. The video ends with Gambino in a darkened portion of the warehouse, fearfully running towards the camera while being chased by several white people. Viewers have said this resembles scenes from the 2017 film Get Out.


Further Analysis

Throughout the video, Gambino is "both the purveyor of violence and the subject of terror".[25] Not only is he portraying what it is to be an African-American in the United States, he is showing what it means to be a citizen period. The main reason that this video went viral is because of when it was released and what he chose to portray. The whole video is a resemblance of what was happening in America at the time, hence the title.

Gun Violence/Police Brutality

In 2018, there were a number of mass shootings in America. Before that, there were some instances of black people who were killed by the police. There was public outcry in many cases, which Gambino chose to highlight in the video. After Gambino shoots the first man in the video, the gun can be seen escorted away very securely to ensure the weapon is never found and linked to the murder.[citation needed] Two minutes into the video, an all black church choir can be seen singing and performing, half on a riser. Gambino walks in dancing, is tossed an assault rifle and murders the choir. This is suggestive of the 2015 Charleston church shooting killing nine African Americans.[26]

Jim Crow

"The earliest public use of "Jim Crow" appears to have been in 1832, when a song and dance by that name, which apparently originated in Cincinnati, was introduced to New York"[27] Many fail to realize that the first dance/pose Gambino does is not something that he made up. It was dance done in blackface by a man named Thomas Dartmouth (T. D.) "Daddy" Rice. It is a highly racist dance and as Gambino does this dance he shoots the unarmed black man. This is again reference to the murdering of blacks by white men in America.

Dancing

As previously mentioned, Gambino's dancing and maneuvering of his body are highly prevalent from the beginning to the end of the video. This is to portray how many African-American dances are relevant in pop culture and go viral all time on the internet. The dances he performs are highly confusing to the masses. "Gambino’s styles of dance are recognizable to some, unknown to others;" [25] He makes the connection to the fact that many distracting dances go viral on social media but meanwhile other things are happening that are much more prevalent, such as mass shootings and violence. Sixty seconds into the video you can see Gambino portraying these distracting dances and in the background mayhem can be seen unfolding. 

Critical reception

Spencer Kornhaber of The Atlantic described the initial reaction on Twitter as "a gushing river of well-deserved praise" and the video as "the most talked-about music video of recent memory."[8] Daniel Kreps of Rolling Stone commented that the video "is a surreal, visceral statement about gun violence in America".[28] Pitchfork awarded the song the distinction of "Best New Track".[16] Billboard critics ranked it 10th among the "greatest music videos of the 21st century."[29] Mahita Gajanan of Time quoted music history professor Guthrie Ramsey at the University of Pennsylvania:

He's talking about the contradictions of trying to get money, the idea of being a black man in America. It comes out of two different sound worlds. Part of the brilliance of the presentation is that you go from this happy major mode of choral singing that we associate with South African choral singing, and then after the first gunshot it moves right into the trap sound.[26]

Will Gompertz, arts editor of the BBC, asserted that "This Is America" was a "powerful and poignant allegorical portrait of 21st Century America, which warrants a place among the canonical depictions of the USA from Grant Wood's American Gothic to Edward Hopper's Nighthawks, from Emanuel Leutze's Washington Crossing the Delaware to America the Beautiful by Norman Lewis".[30]

In December 2018, Billboard ranked "This Is America" as the 6th best song of the year.[31]

The music video won the International Film Festival of the Art of Cinematography Camerimage Award for Best Cinematography in a Music Video,[32] as well as the Grammy Award for Best Music Video at the 61st Grammy Awards. It won more awards as shown below.

Cover versions and media appearances

Glover hosted the May 5 episode of the 43rd season of Saturday Night Live, and performed two new songs as Childish Gambino on the same episode, the second of which was "This Is America". Daniel Kaluuya, best known as the star of the film Get Out which the music video reportedly references, introduced the song's performance.[33][34]

Several artists attracted attention and millions of views for creating covers of the song and music video with altered lyrics and themes, retaining the song's instrumental and the general structure of its music video.[35][36] Nigerian rapper Falz released "This Is Nigeria" on May 25, highlighting the nation's issues with corruption and organized crime among others.[37][38]

The music video also spawned popular Internet memes, particularly those in which the audio was replaced so that Childish Gambino appeared to be dancing in time to another song. Versions using Carly Rae Jepsen's "Call Me Maybe" and Earth, Wind & Fire's "September" were some of the most viewed.[39][40]

The song is interpolated into a scene in the film Guava Island.

Chart performance

"This Is America" debuted at number one on the US Billboard Hot 100, becoming the 31st song to do so in the chart's history. It debuted with 78,000 downloads sold and 65.3 million US streams in the first week. Its music video accounted for 68% of the song's streaming total. "This Is America" is also Gambino's first top 10; he previously reached number 12 in August 2017 with "Redbone". "This Is America" overtook Drake's "Nice for What" from the top position for two weeks. Gambino is also the second Emmy Award-winning actor to reach number one on the Hot 100, the first being Justin Timberlake, who topped the chart with "Can't Stop the Feeling!" in 2016.[41] It topped the Hot 100 for two weeks, and left the top ten after five weeks.

Credits and personnel

Credits are adapted from Tidal.[3]

  • Donald Glover – lead vocals (as Childish Gambino), production, composition
  • Jeffery Lamar Williams – composition, backing vocals (as Young Thug)
  • Quavo – background vocals
  • 21 Savage – backing vocals
  • Slim Jxmmi – backing vocals
  • BlocBoy JB – backing vocals
  • Ludwig Göransson – production, composition, recording engineer
  • Alex Tumay – recording engineer
  • Riley Mackin – recording engineer
  • Kesha "K.Lee" Lee – recording engineer
  • Dru Castro – recording engineer
  • Dacota G. Fresilli – recording engineer
  • Zak Menebhi – recording engineer
  • Derek "MixedByAli" Ali – mixing engineer
  • Mike Bozzi – mastering engineer

Charts

Certifications

Region Certification Certified units/sales
Australia (ARIA)[76] Platinum 70,000‡
Canada (Music Canada)[77] Platinum 80,000‡
New Zealand (RMNZ)[78] Gold 15,000‡
Poland (ZPAV)[79] Platinum 20,000‡
Sweden (GLF)[80] Gold 4,000,000†
United Kingdom (BPI)[81] Gold 400,000‡
United States (RIAA)[82] 3× Platinum 3,000,000‡

* Sales figures based on certification alone.
^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.
‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

Release history

Region Date Format Label Ref.
Various May 5, 2018 Digital download
[9][10]
United States May 15, 2018 Rhythmic contemporary radio [83]

See also

References

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  2. ^ Jenkins, Craig (May 17, 2018). "The Internet Has Already Devoured 'This Is America'". Vulture. Retrieved May 20, 2018. The same night he dropped off the video for "This Is America," a combination trap and afrobeat banger with a beguiling message about race and gun violence.
  3. ^ a b "This Is America / Childish Gambino". Tidal. Retrieved May 7, 2018.
  4. ^ "61st Annual GRAMMY Awards". GRAMMY.com. 6 December 2018.
  5. ^ Arcand, Rob (May 6, 2018). "Childish Gambino Debuts Politically-Charged New Song "This is America" on SNL: Watch". Spin. Retrieved May 7, 2018.
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