Jump to content

Ansud

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by पाटलिपुत्र (talk | contribs) at 08:56, 11 April 2020 (→Identity: ce). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Ansud
King of Mari
Reignc. 2423 – 2416 BC. Middle chronology
PredecessorIkun-Shamagan
SuccessorSaʿumu
King of Mari

Ansud (also read as Ianupu, Yanup, Anubu, Gansud, Anusu and Hanusum),[1][2][3][4][5] was an early king (Lugal) of the second Mariote kingdom who reigned c. 2423-2416 BC.[6] Ansud is known for warring against the Eblaites from a letter written by the later Mariote king Enna-Dagan.

Reign

Identity

It has been proposed that a bead (reference M. 4439) discovered at Mari, was sent as a gift by Mesannepada of Ur to king "Hanusum" (Gansud) of Mari.[7][8][9] This has now been corrected with new translations only giving Mesannepada as son of Meskalamdug:[10][11]

"Mesannepada, king of Ur, son of Meskalamdug, king of Kish, has consecrated this bead, for [...]"

— Meskalamdug Mari bead[10][11]

It is unclear how this bead came to be in Mari, but this points to some kind of relation between Ur and Mari at that time.[12]

The letter of Enna-Dagan is extremely difficult to read,[13] and the word "Sa'umu" appeared in three passages of it.[3] In the second and third passages, the word referred to Ansud's successor Sa'umu.[3][14] However, in the first passage, "Sa'umu" was read as a verb by Giovanni Pettinato, who later read it as (Anudu).[3] Alfonso Archi, recognized that this verb is a personal name of a monarch and read it as Anubu (motivated by the Sumerian King List which record a dynasty of Mari and king Anbu as the first monarch of the dynasty).[3] However, the discovery of an intact (SKL) with the names of Mari's dynasty bearing no resemblance to second kingdom monarchs, eliminated the need for Archi's identification.[3] According to Michael Astour, the name is Anusu (Ansud) and must be correlated with king Hanusum.[5]

Campaigns

In the letter Ansud is recorded defeating the Eblaite vassal cities of Aburu, Ilgi and Belan.[note 1][1] The king is also mentioned leaving ruins in the mountains of Labanan,[1] which were identified by Pettinato with Lebanon.[16] However, this identification was ruled as geographically impossible by Astour.[16]

King Ansud of Mari
Regnal titles
Preceded by King of Mari
2423-2416 BC 		Succeeded by

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Belan is located 26 km west of Raqqa.[15]

Citations

  1. ^ a b c "Monuments of War, War of Monuments: Some Considerations on Commemorating War in the Third Millennium BC. Orientalia Vol.76/4". Davide Nadali. 2007. p. 354. Retrieved 24 April 2015.
  2. ^ Joan Aruz; Ronald Wallenfels (2003). Art of the First Cities: The Third Millennium B.C. from the Mediterranean to the Indus. p. 463.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Cyrus Herzl Gordon; Gary Rendsburg; Nathan H. Winter (2002). Eblaitica vol.4. p. 57.
  4. ^ Nakl. Ceskoslovenské akademie věd (1969). Archiv Orientální, Volume 37 (in French). p. 623.
  5. ^ a b Cyrus Herzl Gordon; Gary Rendsburg; Nathan H. Winter (2002). Eblaitica vol.4. p. 58.
  6. ^ William J. Hamblin (2006). Warfare in the Ancient Near East to 1600 BC. p. 242.
  7. ^ Mario Liverani (2013). The Ancient Near East: History, Society and Economy. p. 117.
  8. ^ Parrot, André (1965). "Les Fouilles de Mari". Syria: 220.
  9. ^ orientalia Vol.38. Gregorian Biblical BookShop. p. 358.
  10. ^ a b Description with photograph: Art of the First Cities: The Third Millennium B.C. from the Mediterranean to the Indus. Metropolitan Museum of Art. 2003. p. 143. ISBN 978-1-58839-043-1.
  11. ^ a b Orientalia: Vol. 73. Gregorian Biblical BookShop. p. 183.
  12. ^ orientalia Vol.38. Gregorian Biblical BookShop. p. 358.
  13. ^ Martha A. Morrison; David I. Owen (1987). General Studies and Excavations at Nuzi 9/1. p. 12.
  14. ^ Douglas Frayne (2008). Pre-Sargonic Period: Early Periods, Volume 1 (2700-2350 BC). p. 761.
  15. ^ P.M. Michèle Daviau; Michael Weigl; John W. Wevers (2001). The World of the Aramaeans: Studies in Honour of Paul-Eugène Dion, Volume 1. p. 233.
  16. ^ a b Cyrus Herzl Gordon; Gary Rendsburg (1992). Eblaitica vol.3. p. 29.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Ansud&oldid=950295017"