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Sedona, Arizona

Coordinates: 34°52′11″N 111°45′40″W / 34.86972°N 111.76111°W / 34.86972; -111.76111
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"Sedona" redirects here. For the Kia Motors Sedona automobile, see Kia Carnival. For the 2011 film, see Sedona (film). For the single by Houndmouth, see Sedona (song).

City of Sedona
City
View of Sedona from Airport Mesa
View of Sedona from Airport Mesa
Location of Sedona in Coconino County and Yavapai County, Arizona
Location of Sedona in Coconino County and Yavapai County, Arizona
Sedona is located in Arizona
Sedona
Sedona
Location of Sedona
Sedona is located in the United States
Sedona
Sedona
Sedona (the United States)
Coordinates: 34°52′11″N 111°45′40″W / 34.86972°N 111.76111°W / 34.86972; -111.76111[1]
CountryUnited States
State Arizona
CountiesYavapai, Coconino
Founded1902
Incorporated1988
Government
 • TypeCouncil–Manager
 • MayorSandy Moriarty
Area
[2]
 • Total
19.07 sq mi (49.40 km2)
 • Land19.03 sq mi (49.29 km2)
 • Water0.04 sq mi (0.11 km2)
Elevation
[1]
4,350 ft (1,330 m)
Population
 (2010)[3]
 • Total
10,031
 • Estimate 
(2018)[4]
10,335
 • Density543.03/sq mi (209.66/km2)
Time zoneUTC−07:00 (MST)
ZIP Code
86336
Area code928
FIPS code04-65350
GNIS feature ID34242
Websitewww.sedonaaz.gov
The Chapel of the Holy Cross, 2010
Sedona Schnebly (the city's namesake) and her son Ellsworth (Tad) Miller Schnebly in a christening gown in 1898

Sedona /sɪˈdoʊnə/ is a city that straddles the county line between Coconino and Yavapai counties in the northern Verde Valley region of the U.S. state of Arizona. As of the 2010 census, its population was 10,031.[5] Most of the city lies in Yavapai County, with a portion in the east located in Coconino County.

Sedona's main attraction is its array of red sandstone formations. The formations appear to glow in brilliant orange and red when illuminated by the rising or setting sun. The red rocks form a popular backdrop for many activities, ranging from spiritual pursuits to the hundreds of hiking and mountain biking trails.

Sedona was named after Sedona Arabella Miller Schnebly (1877–1950), the wife of Theodore Carlton Schnebly, the city's first postmaster, who was celebrated for her hospitality and industriousness.[6] Her mother, Amanda Miller, claimed to have made the name up because "it sounded pretty".[7]

History

Native American history

The first documented human presence in the Sedona area dates to between 11,500 and 9000 B.C. It was not until 1995 that a Clovis projectile point discovered in Honanki revealed the presence of the Paleo-Indians, who were big game hunters. Around 9000 B.C., the pre-historic Archaic people appeared in the Verde Valley. These were hunter-gatherers and their presence in the area was longer than in other areas of the Southwest, most likely because of the ecological diversity and large amount of resources. They left by 300 A.D. There is an assortment of rock art left by the Archaic people in places near Sedona such as Palatki and Honanki.[8]

Around 650 A.D., the Sinagua people entered the Verde Valley. Their culture is known for its art such as pottery, basketry and their masonry. They left rock art, pueblos, and cliff dwellings such as Montezuma Castle, Honanki, Palatki and Tuzigoot, especially in the later period of their presence. The Sinagua abandoned the Verde Valley about 1400 A.D.[8] Researchers believe the Sinagua and other clans moved to the Hopi mesas in Arizona and the Zuni and other pueblos in New Mexico.[9]

The Yavapai came from the west when the Sinagua were still there in the Verde Valley around 1300 A.D. They were nomadic hunter-gatherers. Some archaeologists place the Apache arrival in the Verde Valley around 1450 A.D. Many Apache groups were nomadic or seminomadic and traveled over large areas.[10]

The Yavapai and Apache tribes were forcibly removed from the Verde Valley in 1876, to the San Carlos Indian Reservation, 180 miles (290 km) southeast. In the middle of winter, almost 1,500 people were marched to San Carlos. Several hundred lost their lives. The survivors were interned for 25 years. About 200 Yavapai and Apache people returned to the Verde Valley in 1900 and have since intermingled as a single political entity although culturally distinct[11] residing in the Yavapai-Apache Nation.

Anglo-American settlement

The first Anglo settler, John J. Thompson, moved to Oak Creek Canyon in 1876, an area well known for its peach and apple orchards. The early settlers were farmers and ranchers. In 1902, when the Sedona post office was established, there were 55 residents. In the mid-1950s, the first telephone directory listed 155 names. Some parts of the Sedona area were not electrified until the 1960s.

Sedona began to develop as a tourist destination, vacation-home and retirement center in the 1950s. Most of the development seen today was constructed in the 1980s and 1990s. As of 2007, there are no large tracts of undeveloped land remaining.[12]

Important early settlers included the Steele family, originally of Scotland.

Chapel of the Holy Cross

In 1956, construction of the Chapel of the Holy Cross was completed. The chapel rises 70 feet (21 m) out of a 1,000-foot (300 m) redrock cliff.[13] The most prominent feature of the chapel is the cross. Later a chapel was added. Inside the chapel there is a window and a cross with benches and pews.[14]

Cinematic legacy

Sedona played host to more than sixty Hollywood productions from the first years of movies into the 1970s. Stretching as far back as 1923, Sedona's red rocks were a fixture in major Hollywood productions—including films such as Angel and the Badman, Desert Fury, Blood on the Moon, Johnny Guitar, The Last Wagon, and 3:10 to Yuma. However, the surroundings typically were identified to audiences as the terrain of Texas, California, Nevada, and even Canada–US border territory.[15]

Brins Fire

The Brins fire of 2006

On June 18, 2006, a wildfire, reportedly started by campers, began about one mile (1.61 km) north of Sedona.[16] The Brins Fire covered 4,317 acres (17 km2) on Brins Mesa, Wilson Mountain and in Oak Creek Canyon before the USDA Forest Service declared it 100 percent contained on June 28. Containment cost was estimated at $6.4 million.

Slide Fire

On May 20, 2014, a wildfire started from an unknown cause began north of Sedona at Slide Rock State Park. The Slide Fire[17] spread across 21,227 acres in Oak Creek Canyon over nine days and prompted evacuations.[18] State Route 89A opened to Flagstaff in June, but all parking and canyon access was closed to the public until Oct. 1, 2014.[19]

Geography

West Sedona – Route 89A

Sedona is located in the interior chaparral, semi desert grassland, Great Basin conifer woodland biomes of northern Arizona.[20] Sedona has mild winters and warm summers.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 19.2 square miles (49.7 km2), of which 0.04 square miles (0.1 km2), or 0.22%, is water.[5]

Flora

Sedona interior chaparral has many shrubs and small tree species of Quercus turbinella, Rhus ovata, and a large population of Quercus palmeri. The Great Basin woodland has many small to medium trees of Pinus monopylla Var. fallax, Juniperus arizonica, Juniperus deppeana, Juniperus osteosperma, Juniperus monosperma,a large population of Cupressus glabra. At higher elevations in oak creek canyon Juniperus virginiana, Pinus edulis, and other pines occur.[21][22]

Geology

The red rocks of Sedona are formed by a unique layer of rock known as the Schnebly Hill Formation. The Schnebly Hill Formation is a thick layer of red to orange-colored sandstone found only in the Sedona vicinity. The sandstone, a member of the Supai Group, was deposited during the Permian Period.

Climate

Sedona has a temperate semi-arid climate. In January, the average high temperature is 57 °F (14 °C) with a low of 31 °F (−1 °C). In July, the average high temperature is 97 °F (34 °C) with a low of 64 °F (17 °C). Annual precipitation is just over 19 inches (480 mm).[23] The precipitation comes from autumn/winter/spring frontal passages from the Pacific and summer thunderstorms during "monsoon" season. Snow sometimes falls in mid winter, but it usually melts quickly.

Climate data for Sedona, Arizona
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 77
(25) 		88
(31) 		89
(32) 		93
(34) 		104
(40) 		110
(43) 		110
(43) 		110
(43) 		104
(40) 		100
(38) 		88
(31) 		77
(25) 		110
(43)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 56.5
(13.6) 		60.6
(15.9) 		65.1
(18.4) 		73.4
(23.0) 		82.2
(27.9) 		93.3
(34.1) 		96.6
(35.9) 		94.2
(34.6) 		88.1
(31.2) 		77.2
(25.1) 		64.3
(17.9) 		56.6
(13.7) 		75.7
(24.3)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 30.5
(−0.8) 		33.3
(0.7) 		36.8
(2.7) 		41.9
(5.5) 		49.3
(9.6) 		57.9
(14.4) 		64.0
(17.8) 		63.4
(17.4) 		57.7
(14.3) 		47.9
(8.8) 		36.4
(2.4) 		30.7
(−0.7) 		45.8
(7.7)
Record low °F (°C) 0
(−18) 		10
(−12) 		9
(−13) 		18
(−8) 		24
(−4) 		36
(2) 		43
(6) 		45
(7) 		28
(−2) 		23
(−5) 		11
(−12) 		0
(−18) 		0
(−18)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 2.10
(53) 		2.16
(55) 		2.47
(63) 		1.16
(29) 		0.71
(18) 		0.36
(9.1) 		1.65
(42) 		1.90
(48) 		1.94
(49) 		1.67
(42) 		1.38
(35) 		1.51
(38) 		19.01
(483)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 5.9 5.5 6.9 3.9 3.8 2.2 7.7 8.6 5.7 4.4 3.5 4.0 62.1
Source 1: NOAA[24]
Source 2: The Weather Channel (record temps)[25]
Panoramic view of Sedona from the "vortex" point near the Sedona airport. The famous bell rock, located on the south side of the "vortex" point, can be seen on the right side of the photo. Major parts of the town are in the middle of the photo. This picture was taken in October, 2009.
Panoramic view of the immediate Sedona area, covering an angle of view of approximately 90 degrees. The line of bare (deciduous) trees at center left marks the course of Oak Creek.
Panoramic view from above of the Sedona area, in August 2011.

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
19702,022—
19805,368165.5%
19907,72043.8%
200010,19232.0%
201010,031−1.6%
2018 (est.)10,335[4]3.0%
U.S. Decennial Census[26]
Aerial view of West Sedona, Arizona
Sedona Airport viewed from the south, showing its location atop Airport Mesa
View of Sedona from Schnebly Hill Road

As of the census of 2000, there were 10,192 people, 4,928 households, and 2,863 families residing in the city. The population density was 548.0 people per square mile (211.6/km²). There were 5,684 housing units at an average density of 305.6 per square mile (118.0/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 92.17% White, 0.49% Black or African American, 0.45% Native American, 0.94% Asian, 0.09% Pacific Islander, 4.29% from other races, and 1.57% from two or more races. 8.90% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

At the 2000 census there were 7,229 people living in the Yavapai County (western) portion of the city (70.9% of its population) and 2,963 living in the Coconino County (eastern) portion (29.1%). By land area Yavapai had 66.2% of its area, versus 33.8% for Coconino.

There were 4,928 households out of which 15.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.6% were married couples living together, 6.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.9% were non-families. 32.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.06 and the average family size was 2.52.

In the city, the population was spread out with 13.7% under the age of 18, 4.5% from 18 to 24, 21.2% from 25 to 44, 35.0% from 45 to 64, and 25.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 50 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.9 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $44,042, and the median income for a family was $52,659. Males had a median income of $32,067 versus $24,453 for females. The per capita income for the city was $31,350. About 4.7% of families and 9.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.1% of those under age 18 and 5.0% of those age 65 or over.

Government

Politically, Uptown Sedona, the Gallery District and the Chapel area (all in Coconino County) and West Sedona (in Yavapai County) form the City of Sedona. Founded in 1902, it was incorporated as a city in 1988. The unincorporated Village of Oak Creek, 7 miles (11 km) to the south and well outside the Sedona city limits, is a significant part of the Sedona community.

Sedona became one of the Arizona municipalities to approve of civil unions for same-sex partners.[27]

Culture

The Sedona area hosts numerous events annually, including:

  • St. Patrick's Parade, Celebration of Spring, Sedona Food Truck Festival, Red Dirt Concerts, Pumpkin Splash, and WagFest and Fair are just a few of the community events offered by the local Parks and Recreation Department.[28]
  • Sedona Marathon[29]
  • The Sedona Miracle Annual Charity Fundraiser[30]
  • Sedona Bluegrass Festival[31] (2007–2014)
  • Sedona Hummingbird Festival (2012–present);
  • The Sedona Solstice Festivals (Summer and Winter) at Unity of Sedona (2012–present)[32]

Sedona hosts several notable arts organizations in Northern Arizona:

  • Chamber Music Sedona sponsors a chamber-music program annually from October to May. The 2012–2013 season marked the 30th anniversary for the organization.
  • The Sedona Arts Center, founded in 1958, is the oldest arts center in northern Arizona.
  • Sedona International Film Festival & Workshop was established in 1995. The week-long annual festival takes place in late February and early March at Harkins Theatres, while supplemental events take place at area resorts and restaurants. The festival also hosts monthly events, and they sponsor the MET: Live in HD opera broadcasts in Sedona.
  • NORAZ Poets, extant from 2003 to 2007, was a nonprofit poetry network based in Sedona.
  • Greg Lawson Galleries,[33] a popular local art gallery in Sedona.[34]

A specialized New Age tourist industry operates in Sedona, where José Arguelles organized the "Harmonic Convergence" in 1987. Some New Age proponents purport that "spiritual vortices" are concentrated in the Sedona area at Bell Rock, Airport Mesa, Cathedral Rock, and Boynton Canyon.[35][failed verification][36]

Education

Sedona is served by the Sedona-Oak Creek Unified School District.

West Sedona School, serving grades K–6, is located at 570 Posse Ground Road.

Red Rock Early Learning Center[37] is a year-round Preschool program designed for children aged 3–5 years old. Their normal school year runs from August to May each year, with a summer session offered during June and July. It is licensed by the ADHS, and located in West Sedona Elementary School building 300.

Verde Valley School, a boarding International Baccalaureate high school with many international students, is located between the Village of Oak Creek and Red Rock Crossing. It hosts numerous 'traditions' and performances open to the community. Their mascot is the coyote. Total attendance measures about 120 students per year, grades 9–12. Oscar winner composer James Horner studied there (Titanic, Braveheart, Avatar, Legends of The Fall).

Sedona Red Rock High School (SRRHS), built in 1994, is located on the western edge of town in West Sedona. The school's mascot is the Scorpion. The high school's new campus, a series of single story buildings, is located opposite the Sedona campus of Yavapai College. As of 2016, Sedona Red Rock High School holds grades 7–8 in the Junior High portion of campus.

Sedona Charter School (SCS)[38] is located behind the Sedona Public Library, serving as a Montessori-based school for grades K–8.

Yavapai College's Sedona Center for Arts & Technology includes the Sedona Film School, which offers certificates in independent filmmaking, the Business Partnership Program, the Osher Lifelong Learning Institute, and the University of Arizona Mini Med School.

The University of Sedona is an unaccredited institution providing ministerial training and education in metaphysics.

Health care

Verde Valley Medical Center – Sedona Campus is an outpatient facility providing 24/7 emergency services, cancer services, and primary and specialty healthcare to the Sedona/Oak Creek area. The facility is part of the Northern Arizona Healthcare system and is a subdivision of Verde Valley Medical Center in the nearby city of Cottonwood.[39]

Notable people

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b "Sedona". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
  2. ^ "2018 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 1, 2019.
  3. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 6, 2014.
  4. ^ a b "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved June 4, 2019.
  5. ^ a b "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Sedona city, Arizona". U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder. Archived from the original on February 12, 2020. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
  6. ^ Territorial Women's Memorial Rose Garden: Sedona Arabelle Miller Schnebly. (n.d.) Sharlot Hall Museum. Retrieved December 16, 2006.
  7. ^ "Arizona Scenic Roads ~ See for yourself why the Scenic Roads of Arizona are truly a hidden treasure!". www.arizonascenicroads.com. Retrieved April 17, 2016.
  8. ^ a b "Verde Valley Archaeology Center – Early Inhabitants".
  9. ^ "Visit Phoenix Arizona: travel guides, outdoors, hotels and attractions – azcentral Travel and Explore".
  10. ^ "Verde Valley Archaeology Center – Yavapai-Apache".
  11. ^ History of the Yavapai-Apache Exodus Archived January 10, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
  12. ^ Heidinger & Trevillyan, 2007, Images of America: Sedona, Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7385-4800-5
  13. ^ "Chapel of the Holy Cross". Sacred Destinations. April 18, 2009. Retrieved May 18, 2010.
  14. ^ Somerville, Slyvia. "Chapel of the Holy Cross,Sedona Architectural Landmark". Gateway To Sedona. Range Dog Publishing Inc. Retrieved February 9, 2017.
  15. ^ McNeill, Joe. "Arizona's Little Hollywood: Sedona and Northern Arizona's Forgotten Film History 1923–1973" (2010, Northedge & Sons)
  16. ^ USDA Forest Service. (June 19, 2006). Brins Fire Update. Retrieved December 16, 2006.
  17. ^ helpdesk@dms.nwcg.gov, InciWeb developed and maintained by USDA Forest Service, Fire and Aviation Management. "Slide Fire Information - InciWeb the Incident Information System". inciweb.nwcg.gov. Retrieved April 24, 2018.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  18. ^ Graham, Christopher Fox. "Oak Creek Canyon evacuated north of Slide Rock due to fire - Sedona Red Rock News - Sedona News, Jobs, Things to Do". www.redrocknews.com. Retrieved April 24, 2018.
  19. ^ "Oak Creek Canyon near Sedona to reopen Wednesday". azcentral. Retrieved April 24, 2018.
  20. ^ http://www.reptilesofaz.org/habitat.html
  21. ^ http://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/checklists/checklist.php?clid=105&pid=1
  22. ^ https://www.conifers.org/pi/Pinus_monophylla.php
  23. ^ "SEDONA, ARIZONA – Climate Summary".
  24. ^ "Climatology of the United States No. 20: SEDONA RANGER STN, AZ 1971–2000" (PDF). National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved December 5, 2011.
  25. ^ "Monthly Averages for Sedona, AZ (86351)". Weather.com. Retrieved December 5, 2011.
  26. ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2016.
  27. ^ "Sedona City Council OKs civil unions in 5-2 vote". Retrieved July 27, 2018.
  28. ^ Sedona recent events
  29. ^ "Sedona Marathon".
  30. ^ "The Sedona Miracle".
  31. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on June 1, 2015. Retrieved March 27, 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  32. ^ "Unity of Sedona – New Age Spiritual Center, New Thought Church and Energy Vortex".
  33. ^ Greg Lawson Galleries
  34. ^ Greg Lawson Galleries. Artzii.
  35. ^ "Travel".
  36. ^ NY Times: Sedona Archived May 13, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
  37. ^ "Red Rock Early Learning Center".
  38. ^ Sedona Charter School
  39. ^ Verde Valley Medical Center – Sedona Campus Archived October 6, 2014, at the Wayback Machine
  40. ^ "Donna Loren Official Website". DonnaLoren.net.
  41. ^ "Sedona". AllMovie.
  42. ^ Fried, Paul. "Michelle Branch, Local singer/songwriter is "Everywhere"". Red Rock Review. Archived from the original on November 27, 2013. Retrieved September 14, 2014.
  43. ^ "List of Famous People from Arizona". The Free Resource. Archived from the original on August 29, 2014. Retrieved June 2, 2017.
  44. ^ Barnes, Mike (August 9, 2016). "Sagan Lewis, Actress and Wife of Emmy Winner Tom Fontana, Dies at 63". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved August 16, 2016.
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