Yashwant Rao Holkar II
| Yeshwant Rao Holkar II | |
|---|---|
 Portrait by Bernard Boutet de Monvel, 1934 | |
| Maharaja Holkar of Indore | |
| Reign | 26 February 1926 – 28 May 1948 |
| Coronation | 11 March 1926, Juna Rajwada Palace, Indore |
| Predecessor | Tukojirao Holkar III |
| Successor | Monarchy abolished, Indore merged into Madhya Bharat |
| Titular Maharaja Holkar of Indore | |
| Pretendence | 28 May 1948 – 5 December 1961 |
| Successor | Usha Devi Holkar |
| Born | 6 September 1908 Indore, Indore State, British India |
| Died | 5 December 1961 (aged 53) Bombay, Maharashtra, India |
| Spouse | Maharani Sanyogita Bai Holkar Maharani Margaret Holkar Maharani Euphemia Holkar |
| Issue | Maharajkumar Shrimant Shivaji Rao Holkar (Prince Richard Holkar) Maharani Usha Devi Holkar |
| House | Holkar |
| Father | Tukojirao Holkar III |
| Mother | Chadrawati Bai Saheba |
| Religion | Hinduism |
Maharajadhiraj Raj Rajeshwar Sawai Shri Sir Yeshwant Rao II Holkar XIV Bahadur[citation needed] (6 September 1908 – 5 December 1961) was the Maharaja of Indore (Holkar State) belonging to the Holkar dynasty of the Marathas.
Biography
He was educated at the Cheam School, Charterhouse and Christ Church, Oxford.
He succeeded his father Tukojirao Holkar III, who abdicated in his favor on 26 February 1926. He was installed on the throne on 11 March 1926 under a regency council. He was invested with full powers on 9 May 1930. On 1 January 1935 he was made a Knight of the Order of the Indian Empire. He established a legislative council for Indore state and created a cabinet with a prime minister and three ministers. British Resident of Indore, K.S. Fitze, remarked on the great amount of time Maharaja Yeshwant spent abroad. Christie's art director Amin Jaffer takes this to exemplify maharaja culture's turn to the West.[1]
On 11 August 1947 he signed the document of accession to India. Indore State was included in the Union of Madhya Bharat on 28 May 1948. He served as the second Rajpramukh of this new state until 31 October 1956. He then worked for the United Nations.
He died in a Mumbai Hospital on 5 December 1961.
Manik Bagh
In 1930 he commissioned the construction of the Manik Bagh ("Jewel Garden") palace in Indore. The architect was Eckart Muthesius (1904–1989) from Germany. The maharaja was at a young age at that time, as was Muthesius who was just a couple of years older. The work outside and inside was done in a late art deco and the international style of modern architecture.[2]
The Musée des Arts Décoratifs, Paris had an exhibition in 2019 called "Moderne Maharajah" dedicated to Yashwant Rao Holkar II and Manik Bagh, featuring some of the interior pieces such as the aluminium bed by Louis Sognot and Charlotte Alix.[3][4]
Marriage
In the year 1924 he married Maharani Shrimant Akhand Sahib Soubhagyavati Sanyogita Bai Holkar. Yeshwant Rao and his wife Maharani Sanyogita both studied in England.[5] Together they traveled Europe extensively and were photographed by Man Ray in a series in 1927. Two sets of double portraits were painted by Bernard Boutet de Monvel in 1929 and 1934.[6]
She passed away at the age 22 years from complications in Switzerland.[7][8][9]
In 1938 he married Margaret Lawler and after their divorce, married Euphemia Watt of Los Angeles.
He is survived by his two children:
- H.H. Maharani Usha Raje of Indore (from first marriage with Sanyogita Devi, inherited the titles and rights)
- Maharajkumar Shrimant Shivaji Rao "Richard" Holkar, himself has two children:[10]
- Sabrina Sanyogita Holkar Ellis
- Yashwant Holkar
Titles, styles and honours
Titles and styles
- 6 September 1908 – 26 September 1926: Yuvraj Shrimant Yeshwant Rao Holkar Bahadur, Yuvraj of Indore
- 26 September 1926 – 5 December 1961: His Highness Maharajadhiraj Raj Rajeshwar Sawai Shri Sir Yeshwant Rao II Holkar XIV Bahadur, Maharaja of Indore[citation needed]
Honours
- Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire (GCIE), 1935
- King George V Silver Jubilee Medal, 1935
- King George VI Coronation Medal, 1937
- Indian Independence Medal, 1947[citation needed]
See also
References
- ^ Jackson & Jaffer 2009, p. 202
- ^ https://www.gstindore.gov.in/en/about/about-manik-bagh
- ^ https://www.architecturaldigest.in/content/paris-maharaja-yashwantrao-holkar/
- ^ https://www.architecturaldigest.in/content/paris-maharaja-yashwantrao-holkar/
- ^ Jackson & Jaffer 2009, p. 192
- ^ https://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/2016/collection-boutet-de-monvel-pf1639/lot.52.html
- ^ https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/how-maharaja-yeshwant-holkar-and-maharani-sanyogita-devi-turned-indore-into-a-art-deco-paradise
- ^ https://www.theartnewspaper.com/preview/a-thoroughly-modern-maharaja-how-an-indian-prince-amassed-one-of-the-world-s-greatest-collections-of-modern-design
- ^ https://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/2016/collection-boutet-de-monvel-pf1639/lot.52.html
- ^ https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/the-wedding-royale/story-LtlqdS3NFPR3W1fKh9wX3L.html
- Jackson, Anna; Jaffer, Amin (1 September 2009), Maharaja, London: V & A Publishing, ISBN 978-1-85177-573-6, retrieved 21 January 2014
External links
