Funeral Blues
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (May 2009) |
| Funeral Blues | |
|---|---|
| by W. H. Auden | |
| Country | UK |
| Language | English |
| Publication date | 1936 |
"Funeral Blues" or "Stop all the clocks" is a poem by W. H. Auden. An early version was published in 1936, but the poem in its final, familiar form was first published in The Year's Poetry (London, 1938).
Titles and versions
The first, and less widely known, version of the poem, written and published in 1936, has five stanzas; the 1938 final version has four. Only the first two stanzas are the same in both versions. The 1936 version was a satiric poem of mourning for a political leader, written for the verse play The Ascent of F6, by Auden and Christopher Isherwood.[1] The 1938 version was written to be sung by the soprano Hedli Anderson in a setting by Benjamin Britten. This version was first published in the anthology The Year's Poetry, 1938, compiled by Denys Kilham Roberts and Geoffrey Grigson (London, 1938). Auden then included it in his book Another Time (New York, 1940) as one of four poems headed "Four Cabaret Songs for Miss Hedli Anderson"; the poem itself was titled "Funeral Blues" in this edition. (Auden never gave the poem any other title.) The text in the British edition of Another Time has a misprint, showing "woods" for the correct reading "wood"; this error does not occur in any other edition.
In Auden's Collected Poetry (1945) "Funeral Blues" is poem XXX in the section "Songs and Other Musical Pieces". In his Collected Shorter Poems 1927–1957 (1966), it is poem IX in the section "Twelve Songs" in Part II, "1933–1938"; the same numbering appears in his posthumous Collected Poems (1976, 1991, 2007).
Britten wrote a setting of the poem for chorus and instrumental group as part of his incidental music for the first production of The Ascent of F6 in 1937, and later arranged it for solo voice and piano in a collection of settings of Auden poems under the title Cabaret Songs.
Appearances
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It is the English contribution to the statue commemorating the Heysel Stadium disaster, where a retaining wall collapsed, resulting in 39 deaths on 29 May 1985, when Liverpool F.C. played Juventus FC in the European Cup final.
The poem is read in its entirety in the 1994 British romantic comedy film Four Weddings and a Funeral.
In the musical February House, produced Off-Broadway in 2012, a large portion of the poem is sung by Auden himself. The show consists of an original score with music and lyrics by Gabriel Kahane.
In the sixth episode of the 3rd series of British TV series Gavin & Stacey, the poem was read by the character Mick, at the wedding of Nessa and Dave, as it was Dave's favorite poem.
In the second episode (Return of the Golden Child) of the second series of British TV series The IT Crowd, Derek Pippen begins to read the poem in memory of Denholm Reynholm, before he is interrupted by the return of Reynholm's son, Douglas.
Metropolitan Police Commissioner Cressida Dick read the poem in full at the funeral of police officer Keith Palmer, GM (1968 or 1969 – 22 March 2017), who was fatally stabbed in the 2017 Westminster attack.[2]
References
- ^ "'Stop all the clocks'". British Library. British Library Board. Retrieved 18 July 2016.
- ^ Collier, Hatty; Chandler, Mark (10 April 2017). "PC Keith Palmer funeral: Hundreds of mourners join grieving relatives at Southwark Cathedral". Evening Standard. Retrieved 29 June 2020.
External links
- Full text of the poem at npr.org
- Stop all the Clocks at the British Library
- Full digitisation of Britten's 'Ascent of F6' manuscript on the British Library website.
- Evening Standard article on Keith Palmer's Funeral on the Standard's website
