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List of ethnic slurs

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See also: List of religious slurs

The following is a list of ethnic slurs (ethnophaulisms) that are, or have been, used as insinuations or allegations about members of a given ethnicity, or to refer to them in a derogatory (that is, critical or disrespectful), pejorative (disapproving or contemptuous), or otherwise insulting manner.

Some of the terms listed below (such as "Gringo", "Yank", etc.) are used by many people all over the world as part of their ordinary speech or thinking without any intention of causing offence. The connotation of a term and prevalence of its use as a pejorative or neutral descriptor varies over time and by geography.

For the purposes of this list, an ethnic slur is a term designed to insult others on the basis of race, ethnicity, or nationality. Each term is listed followed by its country or region of usage, a definition, and a reference to that term.

Ethnic slurs may also be produced as a racial epithet by combining a general-purpose insult with the name of ethnicity, such as "dirty Jew", "Russian pig", etc. Other common insulting modifiers include "dog", "filthy", etc. Such terms are not included in this list.

A

Abbie, Abe, Abie
(North America) a Jewish man. From the proper name Abraham. Originated before the 1950s.[1]
ABC
(East Asia) American-born Chinese, Han or other Chinese (including Taiwanese) born and raised in the United States. The term implies an otherness or lack of connection to their Chinese identity and (usually) Chinese language; however, it has been reappropriated by many Chinese Americans and used to convey positive connotations.[2]
ABCD
(South Asians in the US) American-Born Confused Desi, Indian Americans or other South Asian Americans, (desi) who were born in the United States. Used chiefly by South Asian immigrants to imply confusion about cultural identity.[3]
Abid/Abeed (plural)
(Middle East and North Africa) an Arabic term for slave, often used as a racial slur against black Africans and is associated with the Arab slave trade.[4][5]
Abo/Abbo
(AUS) Australian Aboriginal person. Originally, this was simply an informal term for Aborigine, and was in fact used by Aboriginal people themselves (such as in the Aboriginal-run newspaper Abo Call) until it started to be considered offensive in the 1950s. In more remote areas, Aboriginal people still often refer to themselves (quite neutrally) as Blackfellas (and whites as Whitefellas). Although Abo is still considered quite offensive by many, the pejorative boong is now more commonly used when the intent is deliberately to offend, as that word's status as an insult is unequivocal.[6]
Afro engineering, African engineering or nigger rigging
(U.S.) Shoddy, second-rate[7] or unconventional, makeshift workmanship.[8]
Ali Baba
(U.S.) an Iraqi suspected of criminal activity.[9]
Alligator bait / Gator bait
(U.S.) a black person, especially a black child. More commonly used in states where alligators are found, particularly Florida. First used in the early 20th century, although some hypothesize the term originated in the late 19th century.[10] The term derives from the fact that, during the slave trade, Black children and babies were supposedly used as bait by White people in the US in order to catch alligators.[11]
Alpine Serb
(Serbo-Croatian: Alpski Srbin) (ex-Yugoslavia) a person of Slovenian origin.[12]
Ang mo
(Malaysia and Singapore) Hokkien for "red hair" referring to Dutch people from 17th century and expanded to white people by 19th century, has become a neutral term.[13]
Ann
(North America) a white woman to a black person—or a black woman who acts "like a white woman". While Miss Ann, also just plain Ann, is a derisive reference to white women, it is also applied to any black woman who is deemed to be acting as though she is white.[14][15]
Annamite
Annamite or mites, a Vietnamese person. (French, English)[16][17][18]
Ape
A black person, referring to outdated theories ascribing cultural differences between ethnic groups as being linked to their evolutionary distance from chimpanzees, with which humans share common ancestry.[19][20]
Apple
(North America) an Native American who is "red on the outside, white on the inside". Used primarily by other Native Americans to indicate someone who has lost touch with their cultural identity. First used in the 1970s.[21]
Arabush / Aravush (ערבוש)
(Israel) Arabs, derived from Hebrew "Aravi" (Arab) which is itself inoffensive.[22]
Armo
(U.S.) an Armenian/Armenian American.[23] Especially used in Southern California.[24]
Aseng
(Indonesia) insult to non-Indonesian citizen, from "[orang] asing" (foreigner) that rhymed with "Aseng" (Chinese name). This word is often pointed to Chinese due to Indonesia's relation with PRC.[25]
Ashke-Nazi (אשכנאצי)
(Israel) Pronounced like "AshkeNatzi". Highly offensive term for Ashkenazi Jews, used mostly by Mizrachi Jews.[26][27]
Aunt Jemima / Aunt Jane / Aunt Mary / Aunt Sally
(U.S.) a black woman who "kisses up" to whites, a "sellout", female counterpart of Uncle Tom.[28]
Ayrab/A-rab
(U.S.) an Arab. Popularised in Ray Stevens' 1962 song "Ahab the Arab".[29]

B

Bamboula
(France) a Black person.[30]
Balija
an ethnic Bosniak or a member of the Bosnian diaspora.[31][32]
Banana (North America; UK; Malaysia)
"Yellow on the outside, white on the inside". Used primarily by East or Southeast Asians for other East- or Southeast Asians or Asian American who are perceived as assimilated into mainstream American culture.[33]
Beaner / Beaney
(U.S.) people of Mexican descent or, more specifically, mestizos of Central American descent.[34][35] The term originates from the use of frijoles pintos and other beans in Mexican food.[36]
Bluegum
(U.S.) an African American perceived as being lazy and unwilling to work.[37]
Boche / bosche / bosch
(France; U.S.; UK) a German (shortened from the French term caboche dure "hard head" or "stubborn").[38]
Boeotian
A term used by the Athenians, referring to the supposed stupidity of the inhabitants of the neighboring Boeotia region of Greece.[39]
Boerehater / Boer-hater / Boer hater (South Africa; UK)
a person who hates, prejudices or criticises the Boers, or Afrikaners – historically applied to British people prejudiced against the Boers.[40][41][42]
Bog Irish / Bogtrotter / Bog-trotter
(UK, Ireland, U.S.) a person of common or low-class Irish ancestry.[43][44]
Bohunk
(North America) a lower-class immigrant of Central, Eastern, or Southeastern European descent. Originally referred to those of Bohemian (now Czech Republic) descent. It was commonly used toward Central European immigrants during the early 20th century. Probably from Bohemian + a distortion of Hungarian.[45] See also hunky.
Bong
(India) a Bengali.[46]
Boong / bong / bung
(Aus) Australian aboriginal.[47] Boong, pronounced with ʊ (like the vowel in bull), is related to the Australian English slang word bung, meaning "dead", "infected", or "dysfunctional". From bung, to go bung "Originally to die, then to break down, go bankrupt, cease to function [Ab. bong dead]".[48] Highly offensive. [First used in 1847 by JD Lang, Cooksland, 430][49] The (Oxford) Australian National Dictionary gives its origin in the Wemba word for "man" or "human being".[50]
Boonga / boong / bunga / boonie
(New Zealand) a Pacific Islander [alteration of boong].[51]
Bootlip
an African American.[52]
Bougnoule
(France) An Arab.[53]
Bounty bar
A racially black person who is considered to be behaving like a white person (i.e. dark on the outside, white on the inside).[54]
Bozgor
a Romanian insult towards Hungarians, especially ones born in Romania,[55] possibly derived from the Moldavian Csángó dialect pronunciation of bocskor meaning Opanak, a type of rustic footwear.
Brownie
(U.S.) a brown-skinned person 1940s–1950s.[56]
Buddhahead
(U.S.) an Asian.[57] Also used by mainland Japanese Americans to refer to Hawaiian Japanese Americans since World War II.[58]
Buckra, Bakra
a white person from Sub-Saharan African languages, used in the U.S. and the West Indies.[59]
Bule
(Indonesia) a white person from an archaic Indonesian word for albino.[60]
Burrhead / Burr-head / Burr head
(U.S.) a black person (referencing Afro-textured hair).[61]

C

Cabbage Eater
a German or a Russian.[62][63]
Camel Jockey
people of Middle Eastern descent.[64]
Carcamano
(Brazil) an Italian person. Used during the early 20th century, during the Second wave of Italian immigration to Brazil.[65]
Chankoro
Template:Lang-ja, a Japanese reference to a Chinese person.[66]
Charlie
a. (African American, 1960s–1970s) white people as a reified collective oppressor group, similar to The Man or The System.[67]
b. (Vietnam War military slang) Slang term used by American troops as a shorthand term for Vietnamese guerrillas, derived from the verbal shorthand for "Victor Charlie", the NATO phonetic alphabet for VC, the abbreviation for Viet Cong.[68] The (regular) North Vietnamese Army was referred to as "Mr. Charles".[69][70]
Chee-chee, Chi-chi
an Anglo-Indian or Eurasian mixed race person, probably from Hindi chi-chi fie!, literally, dirt.[71]
Cheesehead
A Dutch[72] or Wisconsinite.[73]
Cheese-eating surrender monkey
(UK, U.S.) a Frenchman, from the defeat of the French against the Germans in 1940, and the huge variety of cheeses originating from France. Gained popularity after the term was used on an episode of The Simpsons.[74]
Chefur (čefur)
word used by Slovenes for people of ex-SFRY descent, mostly Serbia, Croatia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina.[75]
Chernozhopy
[76] черножопый, or chornaya zhopa,[77] (Russian) an indigenous person from the Caucasus, e.g. from Chechnya or Azerbaijan. It means "black-arse" in Russian.[78]
Chilote
Argentine degrading term for Chileans.[79]
Ching Chong
(U.S., Canada, UK, New Zealand, India) mocking the language of or a person of perceived Chinese descent. An offensive term that has raised considerable controversy, for example when used by comedian Rosie O'Donnell.[80] (Some Chinese languages/dialects are tonal languages.)
Chinaman
found offensive, although it is a calque of the Chinese 中國人. It was used in the gold rush and railway-construction eras in western North America, when discrimination against Chinese was common.[81]
Chink
(U.S., UK, NZ, Australia, India) people of Chinese descent.[82][83]
Chinky
(India) Northeast Indians, used by Mainland Indians.[84][85]
Chonky
refers to a person of Asian heritage with "white attributes", in either personality or appearance.[86]
Christ-killer
a Jew,[87][88] an allusion to Jewish deicide.
Choc-ice
A person who is figuratively 'black on the outside, white on the inside'.[89][90]
Cholo
Used in Latin America[91] and the Southwestern United States[92][93] to refer to people of perceived Mestizo descent, especially teenagers and young people in the lowrider subculture.[91] It may be derogatory depending on circumstances.[92][94]
Chug
(Canada) refers to an individual of aboriginal descent.[95] See Chugach for the native people.
Chukhna
(Russia) Finnic person[96][97]
Churka чурка
Russian language slur for Central Asians and indigenous people of Caucasus.[77]
Ciapaty or ciapak
(Poland) a racial slur for darkskinned people of Middle Eastern, North African and South Asian descent, sometimes also used for people from Caucasus.[98] From chapati.[99]
Cina/Cokin
(Indonesia) a Chinese person or descendant. Use in media has been banned since 2014 under Keppres no. 12/2014, replaced by Tiongkok (from Zhongguo 中国) or Tionghoa (from Zhonghua 中华). The President Decision (Keppres) even bans use of "China" in media and formal use.[100][101]
Coconut
Named after the coconut, the nut from the coconut palm; in the American sense, it derives from the fact that a coconut is brown on the outside and white on the inside.
(U.S.) a person of Hispanic[102] or South/Southeast Asian descent[33] who is seen as being assimilated into white American culture.
(UK) a brown person of South Asian descent who has assimilated into Western culture.[103][104][105]
(New Zealand/Australia) a Pacific Islander.[106]
Coolie
(North America) unskilled Asian laborer, usually Chinese (originally used in 19th-century for Chinese railroad laborers). Possibly from Mandarin "苦力" ku li or Hindi kuli, "day laborer."[107] Also racial epithet for Indo-Caribbean people, especially in Guyana, Trinidad and Tobago and South African Indians.[108]
Coon
(U.S., UK) a black person. Possibly from Portuguese barracão or Spanish barracón, a large building constructed to hold merchandise, where slaves were kept for sale, anglicised to barracoon (1837).[109][110] Popularized by the song "Zip Coon", played at Minstrel shows in the 1830s.
(Australia) an Aboriginal Australian[111]
(New Zealand) a Pacific Islander[112]
Coonass, or Coon-ass
(U.S.) a person of Cajun ethnicity.[113] Not to be confused with the French connasse.
Cracker
(U.S.) a poor Appalachian or poor Southerner, a white person, first used in the 19th century.[114] It is sometimes used specifically to refer to a native of Florida or Georgia.[115] Also used in a more general sense in North America to refer to white people disparagingly.
Crow
a black person.[116]
Crucco
(Italy) slur for German. The name was firstly given during the First World War to the troops of the Austro-Hungarian Army of Croatian and Slovenian ethnicity. Later the term was used to indicate the Germans.[117]
Curry-muncher
(Australia, Africa, New Zealand, North America) a person of Indian origin.[118]
Cushi, also spelled Kushi (כושי)
Term originating from the Hebrew Bible, generally used to refer to a dark-skinned person usually of African descent. Originally merely descriptive, in present-day Israel it increasingly assumed a pejorative connotation and is regarded as insulting by Ethiopian Israelis and by African migrant workers and asylum seekers in Israel.[119]

D

Dago, Dego
a. (UK and Commonwealth) refers to Spaniards, Italians, or Portuguese, possibly derived from the Spanish name "Diego",[120]
b. (U.S.) An Italian or person of Italian descent.[121] See also Dago dazzler.
Dal Khor
An Urdu term used for Indians and Pakistanis (specifically Punjabis). The term literally translates to "dal eater", connoting the supposedly higher emphasis on pulses and vegetables in the diet of countryside Punjabis.[122]
Darky / darkey / darkie
noun. a black person.[123] According to lexicographer Richard A. Spears, the word "darkie" used to be considered mild and polite, before it took on a derogatory and provocative meaning.[124]
Dhoti
(Nepal) an Indian or Madhehsi , as reference to their indigenous clothing Dhoti worn by people of Indian subcontinent.[125]
Dink
a Southeast Asian, particularly a Vietnamese person. Also used as a disparaging term for a North Vietnamese soldier or guerrilla in the Vietnam War. Origin: 1965–70, Americanism[126]
Dogan, dogun
(Canada) Irish Catholic [19th century on; origin uncertain: perhaps from Dugan, an Irish surname].[127]
Dothead, Dot
South Asians in reference to the bindi.[128][129]
Dune coon
(U.S.) an Arab[130] equivalent of sand nigger (below).[131]

E

Eight ball
a black person (referring to the black ball in pool); slang, usually used disparagingly[132]
Eyetie
(U.S., UK) an Italian person; slang, usually used disparagingly (especially during World War II). Originated through the mispronunciation of "Italian" as "Eye-talian".[133][134][135]

F

Farang
(Thailand) any white person.
Fenian
(Ireland and Great Britain) an Irish Catholic. Derived from the Fenian Brotherhood.[136]
Feuj
(France, verlan for juif) a Jew.[137]
Fjellabe
(Denmark), Norwegian.[138]
Flip
(U.S.) ethnic slur applied to Filipinos.[139]
Fritz
(UK, France, Hungary ("fricc"), Poland [Fryc], Russia [фриц], Latvia [fricis]) a German [from Friedrich (Frederick)].[140][141]
Frog, Froggy, Frogeater
(AUS, Canada, UK and U.S.) a French person, person of French descent, or a French Canadian.[142] Before the 19th century, referred to the Dutch (as they were stereotyped as being marsh-dwellers). When France became Britain's main enemy, replacing the Dutch, the epithet was transferred to them, because of the French penchant for eating frogs' legs (see comparable French term Rosbif).[143]
Fuzzy-Wuzzy
(UK) colonialist term used to refer to the Hadendoa warriors in the 19th century.[144] Not applicable in Australia, see Fuzzy Wuzzy Angels.

G

Gabacho
(Spain) an offensive term to refer to French people.[145]
Gaijin (外人)
(Japan) a term for any non-Japanese person; a foreigner.[146]
Gammon
a white person, especially older white men.[147]
Gans (Ганс)
(USSR) a German or more uncommonly a Latvian person.[148] The term originated among the Soviet troops in World War II, coming from Russified form of the German first name Hans.[149] At the end and after the World War II the term was also applied by Russians to Latvians as a way of equating them to Germans[150] since from 1943 to 1945, during the Nazi occupation of Latvia, nearly 100,000 Latvians were mobilised in the Latvian Legion and fought the Soviets alongside Germans.
Gin
(AUS) an Aboriginal woman.[151]
Gin jockey
(AUS) a white person having casual sex with an Aboriginal woman. Pejorative.[152]
Golliwog
A predominantly UK expression which originally was a children's literature character and type of black doll but which eventually became to be used as a jibe against people with dark skin, most commonly Afro-Caribbeans.[153]
Gook, Gook-eye, Gooky
Far Easterners, used especially for enemy soldiers.[154] Its use has been traced to U.S. Marines serving in the Philippines in the early 20th century.[154][155] The earliest recorded example is dated 1920.[156] It gained widespread notice as a result of the Korean and Vietnam wars.[154]
Goy, Goyim, Goyum
A Hebrew biblical term for "Nation" or "People". By Roman times it had also acquired the meaning of "non-Jew". In English, use may be controversial, it can be assigned pejoratively to non-Jews.[157][158]
Grago or Gragok (shrimp)
A term for Eurasians, and specifically for the Kristang people of Malaysia, many of whom were traditionally engaged in shrimp fishing. It often has pejorative connotations, especially when used by outsiders, though in recent generations members of the community have to some degree tried to reclaim the term.[159]
Greaseball, Greaser
A person of Italian descent. It can also refer to any person of Mediterranean/Southern European descent or Hispanic descent.[160] "Greaser" has taken on a less derogatory connotation since the 1950s.
Gringo
A person from an English-speaking country. Used in Spanish-speaking regions – chiefly Latin America, but sometimes used by Latino Americans. In Mexico only means an American.[161] Likely from the Spanish word "griego", meaning Greek.[162][163] In the Portuguese language, it is a colloquial neutral term for any foreigner, regardless of race, ethnicity or origin, or for a person whose native language is not Portuguese (including people whose native language is Spanish).[164][165][166][167][168]
Groid
(U.S.) A black person. Derived from "negroid".[169]
Gub, Gubba
(AUS) Aboriginal term for white people[170]
Guiri
(Spain) Foreigner, mildly offensive, usually referring to tourists from the British Islands, central and northern Europe or North America (not including Mexico).[171]
Guizi (鬼子)
(used in Mainland China and Taiwan) Foreigners. Basically the same meaning as the term gweilo used in Hong Kong. More often used when referring foreigners as military enemies, such as riben guizi (日本鬼子, Japanese devils, because of Second Sino-Japanese War), meiguo guizi (美国鬼子, American devils, because of Korean War).
Guido
(U.S.) An Italian American male. Derives from the Italian given name, Guido. Used mostly in the Northeastern United States as a stereotype for working-class urban Italian Americans.[172] A female equivalent may be guidette.[173]
Guinea, Ginzo
A person of Italian birth or descent. Most likely derived from "Guinea Negro", implying that Italians are dark or swarthy-skinned like the natives of Guinea. The diminutive "Ginzo" probably dates back to World War II and is derived from Australian slang picked up by U.S. servicemen in the Pacific Theater.[174]
Gusano
(Cuba) a person who left fleeing the Cuban Revolution. Coined by Fidel Castro,[175] presenting them as unsavory dregs of capitalist society that had exploited the nation.[176]
Gweilo, gwailo, or kwai lo (鬼佬)
(used in South of Mainland China and Hong Kong) A White man. Loosely translated as "foreign devil"; more literally, might be "ghost dude/bloke/guy/etc". Gwei means "ghost". The color white is associated with ghosts in China. A lo is a regular guy (i.e. a fellow, a chap, or a bloke).[177] Once a mark of xenophobia, the word is now in general, informal use.
Gyopo, Kyopo (교포)
(Korea), literally "sojourner". A Korean who was born or raised overseas, particularly the United States[178] (see also banana in this page)
Gypsy, Gyppo, gippo, gypo, gyppie, gyppy, gipp
a. A Romani person. Derived from "Egyptian", Egypt being mistakenly considered these people's origin.
b. (UK and Australia) Egyptians.[179]

H

Hairyback
(South Africa) a term for Afrikaners[180]
Hajji, Hadji, Haji
(U.S.) Used to refer to Iraqis, Arabs, Afghans, or Middle Eastern and South Asian people in general. Derived from the honorific Al-Hajji, the title given to a Muslim who has completed the Hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca).[181]
Half-breed
Anyone who is mixed race, such as of Native American (especially North American) and white European parentage. Métis is a French term, also used in Canadian English, for a half-breed, and mestizo is the equivalent in Spanish, although these are not offensive per se.
Haole
(U.S., Hawaiian) a non-native, used by Hawaiians mainly to refer to whites (less commonly to refer to non-Hawaiians). Can be used neutrally, dependent on context.[182]
Heeb, Hebe
(U.S.) a Jew, derived from the word "Hebrew".[183][184]
Hick
(U.S.) an uneducated or unsophisticated person from the countryside [185][186]
Hike
(U.S.) term for an Italian immigrant,[187] sometimes used with or to distinguish from "Hunk" ("Hunky").[188]
Hillbilly
(U.S.) term for Americans of Appalachian or Ozark heritage.[189]
Honky also spelled "honkey" or "honkie"
(U.S.) a white person. Derived from an African American pronunciation of "hunky", the disparaging term for a Hungarian laborer. The first record of its use as an insulting term for a white person dates from the 1950s.[190][unreliable source?]
(New Zealand) used by Māori to refer to New Zealanders of European descent.[191]
Hori
(New Zealand) an offensive term for a Māori (from the formerly common Maorified version of the English name George).[192]
Hun
a. (U.S. and UK) Germans, especially German soldiers; popular during World War I.[193] Derived from a speech given by Kaiser Wilhelm of Germany to the German contingent sent to China during the Boxer Rebellion in which he exhorted them to "be like Huns" (i.e., savage and ruthless) to their Chinese enemy.
b. An offensive term for a Protestant in Northern Ireland or historically, a member of the British military in Ireland ("Britannia's huns").[194][195]
Hunky, Hunk
(U.S.) A central Central European laborer. It originated in the coal regions of Pennsylvania and West Virginia, where Poles and other immigrants from Central Europe (Hungarians (Magyar), Rusyns, Slovaks) came to perform hard manual labor in the mines.[196][188]
Hymie
(U.S.) a Jew, derived from the personal name Hyman (from the Hebrew name Chayyim). Jesse Jackson provoked controversy by referring to New York City as "Hymietown" in 1984.[197] Has also been spelled "Heimie", as a reflection of popular Jewish last names ending in -heim.

I

Ikey / ike / iky
a Jew [from Isaac][198]
Ikey-mo / ikeymo
a Jew [from Isaac and Moses][199]
Indian
a Native American. Christopher Columbus mistakenly called Native Americans this name because he thought he arrived in the East Indies.[200]
Indon
an Indonesian. Used mostly in Malaysia and Singapore.[201][202]
Indognesial / Indonesial
(Malaysia) an Indonesian, which similar to "Indon" term mixed with "Dog" and "Sial" (Malay word for "Damn"). Used mostly in Malaysia.[203]
Inyenzi
A person of the Tutsi ethnic group in Africa. Literally means "Cockroach" and reportedly derives from how Tutsi rebels would attack at night and retreat, being hard to kill, like a cockroach.[204] Most notably came to worldwide prominence around the time of the Rwanda genocide, as it was used by the RTLM in order to incite genocide.[205][206]
Injun
a Native American, corrupted "Indian".[207]

J

Jakun
(Malaysia) an unsophisticated person, from the Malay name of an indigenous ethnic group.
Jap
a. (U.S., especially during World War II) a Japanese soldier or national, or anyone of Japanese descent.
b. (U.S., post-WWII, usually written JAP) an acronym for "Jewish-American princess", a pejorative stereotype of certain Jewish American females as materialistic or pampered.
Japie, yarpie
a white, rural South African [from plaasjapie, "farm boy"][208]
Jerry
(Commonwealth, especially during World War I and World War II, probably an alteration of "German") a German national or soldier.[209] Origin of Jerry can.
Jewboy
(US and UK) a young Jewish male, originally young Jewish boys who sold counterfeit coins in 18th century London [210][211]
Jigaboo, jiggabo, jigarooni, jijjiboo, zigabo, jig, jigg, jigga, jigger
(U.S.)[212] a black person with stereotypical black features (e.g. dark skin, wide nose, and big lips).[213] From a Bantu verb tshikabo, meaning "they bow the head docilely", indicating meek or servile individuals.[214]
Jidan
(Romania) ethnic slur for a Jewish person.[215]
Jim Crow
a black person.[216]
Jock, jocky, jockie
(UK) a Scottish person, Scots language nickname for the personal name John, cognate to the English, Jack. Occasionally used as an insult,[217] but also in respectful reference to elite Scottish, particularly Highland troops, e.g. the 9th (Scottish) Division. Same vein as the English insult for the French, as Frogs. In Ian Rankin's detective novel Tooth and Nail the protagonist – a Scottish detective loaned to the London police – suffers from prejudice by English colleagues who frequently use "Jock" and "Jockland" (Scotland) as terms of insult; the book was based on the author's own experience as a Scot living in London.
Jungle bunny
(U.S. and UK) a black person.[218]

K

Kaew
(Northeastern Thai) refers to Vietnamese people.[219][220]
Kaffir, kaffer, kaffir, kafir, kaffre, kuffar
(from Arabic kafir "disbeliever"[221][222])
a. (South Africa) a black person
b. also caffer or caffre: a non-Muslim (regardless of race).
c. a member of a people inhabiting the Hindu Kush mountains of north-east Afghanistan
Kaffir boetie
(Afrikaans) "Kaffir brother", a black sympathiser during apartheid
Kalar
(Burmese) Muslim citizens who are "black-skinned" or "undesirable aliens".[223]
Kalia, Kalu, Kallu
(Hindi) literally means blackie generally used for black skinned people in India, can also have racist overtone when referring to Africans[224][225]
Kanaka
(Australia, offensive) a Pacific Islander[226][227]
Kanake
(German), particularly used of Turks, and to some extent re-appropriated
Kano
(Filipino) Filipino slang for Americans. Shortened from the Tagalog word "Amerikano".[228]
Katsap or kacap or kacapas
Template:Lang-uk, Template:Lang-lt, disparaging terms for Russians used in Ukraine, Belarus, Poland, and Lithuania.
Kaouiche or Kawish
(Canadian French) A pejorative term used to refer to Native Americans.[229][230]
Kebab
A Muslim, usually of Arab or Turkic descent.
Keling
a term to refer to Malaysians, Singaporeans and Indonesians with origins in India and elsewhere in the Indian subcontinent. In Indonesian, the term can be applied to any person with dark complexion, not only Southern Indian descents, but also to native Indonesians with darker complexion and Africans. The term is derived the ancient Indian kingdom of Kalinga, where many immigrants to countries further east originated.[231]
Kharkhuwa
a person necessarily having Assamese ethnicity and a descendant of people of medieval Assam, now a territory of India.
Khokhol
(Russia) a Ukrainian, derived from a term for a traditional Cossack-style haircut.[232]
Kike or kyke
(U.S.) Ashkenazi Jews. Possibly from kikel, Yiddish for "circle". Immigrant Jews who couldn't read English often signed legal documents with an "O" (similar to an "X", to which Jews objected because "X" also symbolizes a cross).[233]
Kimchi
a Korean person.[234]
Knacker
(Ireland), an Irish Traveler.[235][236]
Kolorad
Ukrainian term for Russians, in reference to Russian St. George ribbon whose coloration resembles the stripes of the Colorado beetle.[237]
Kraut
(North America and Commonwealth, from sauerkraut) a German,[238] most specifically during World War II.

L

Labas
(RU) A Lithuanian person, from Lithuanian greetings, labas rytas/laba diena/labas vakaras ("good morning/day/evening")[239]
Laowai 老外
(China) a foreigner, literally "old foreign"
Lebo, Leb
(AUS) A Lebanese person, usually a Lebanese Australian.[240]
Limey
(U.S. / NL) A Briton. Comes from the historical British naval practice of giving sailors limes to stave off scurvy.[241]
Locust (蝗蟲)
(Hong Kong) a mainland Chinese person.[242]
Londo
(Indonesia) a white person, commonly used by Javanese people. Derived from "Belanda" (Netherlands).[243]
Lubra
an Australian Aboriginal woman.[244]
Lugan
a Lithuanian.[245][246]

M

Mabuno/Mahbuno
(Zimbabwe): a local European held in contempt, or more commonly a white African of European ancestry.[247]
Madrasi
(India): someone from southern India.[248]
Mayonnaise Monkey
(US black) a person with a "mayonnaise" complexion; A white person.[249]
Macaca
originally used by francophone colonists in North Africa,[250] also used in Europe against Immigrants from Africa.[251]
Majus (مجوس)
Arab slur against Persians, meaning Zoroastrian, Magi, fire worshipper.
Malakh-khor (ملخ خور)
"locust eater", a Persian slur against Arabs,[252][253][254] referring to the eating of locusts in Arab cuisine.[255][256][257]
Malaun
(Bangladesh) Hindus.[258]
Malon
(Indonesia) a Malaysian citizen, as the reply to Indon word. Malon is (mostly) a short for "Malaysia Bloon" (dumb Malaysians).[259]
Malingsia / Malingsial / Malingsialan
(Indonesia) means "Malaysian thief / damned thief", is a slang for Malaysians. Originally combined from 2 words "maling" (Javanese, meaning "thief") and "Malaysia". It was used by the Indonesian people because of the continuous claims of Indonesian cultures, Indonesians treated Malaysians as a group of thief, for stealing local Indonesian cultures that don't have any connection with Malaysia (such as Reog Ponorogo which comes from East Java, Batik, Balinese Hindu Pendet dance, etc.) and food (Rendang, etc.).[260]
Mangal / Mango / Mangasar
(Bulgaria) a Romani person.[261][262][263]
Marokaki (מרוקקי)
(Israel) Moroccan Jew. Derived from "Maroko" (Hebrew pronunciation for "Morocco") + "Kaki" (which means "shit", "crap" in Hebrew slang).[264]
Mau-Mau
Aggressive black person.[265] Originally referred to Kenyans of the Kikuyu tribe involved in a ferocious insurgency against British colonialists in the 1950s.
Mayate
(U.S., specifically the Chicano community) a Black person. Literally the Spanish colloquial name of the Figeater beetle.[266]
Mick
A person of Irish descent.[267]
Mof (plural moffen)
(Dutch) Germans[268]
Momo/Momos
(India) Northeast Indians implying they are Chinese foreigners.[84]
Moon Cricket/Mooncricket
Black person.[269]
Moskal (Russian and Template:Lang-uk, Template:Lang-be, Template:Lang-pl, Template:Lang-de)
a historically a neutral designation for a person from Muscovy,[270] and currently an ethnic slur referring to Russians used in Ukraine and Belarus.[270]
Mountain Turk
Turks denied the Kurds their own ethnicity, calling them Mountain Turks[271](dağli Türk).[272] This word was also used by Germans to describe Albanians, now it refers to the earlier.
Mulignan/Mulignon/Moolinyan
Black person. The word is a corruption of melanzane, the Italian word for eggplant. Also called a mouli.[273][274][275]
Munt
(Rhodesia, originally military) A black person, usually a man.[276]
Mzungu
(Central African countries around/near Lake Victoria) white-skinned person[277] in Central Africa. Derived from "wanderer" or "someone who roams around" in Swahili to describe European explorers in the 1800s who were thought to be lost because they passed the same spot in their exploration or reconnoitering of Africa.

N

Nawar
Arab term for Romani people and other groups sharing an itinerant lifestyle.
Nere
A term used by Bengali Hindus to refer to Muslims in Bengal.[278]
Niakoué
(France) someone from East or South East Asia. A corrupted Vietnamese word with similar to "yokel", "country bumpkin", etc.[279]
Niglet
a young black person.[280]
Nig-nog or Nignog
(UK) a black person.[281] Originally used to refer to a novice; a foolish or naive person.[282]
Nigger / Niger / nig / nigor / nigra / nigre (Caribbean) / nigar / niggur / nigga / niggah / niggar / nigguh / niggress / nigette
(International) Black. From the Spanish and Portuguese word negro, derived from the Latin niger.
Nigger toe
(U.S.) a slur that is actually referring to a Brazil nut[283]
Nip
(U.S. and UK) someone of Japanese descent (shortened version of Nipponese, from Japanese name for Japan, Nippon)[284]
Nitchie / neche / neechee / neejee / nichi / nichiwa / nidge / nitchee / nitchy
(Canada) a Native American (From the Algonquian word for "friend").[285]
Non-pri, from Non-Pribumi
(Indonesia) The term pribumi was coined after Indonesian independence to replace the derogatory Dutch term Inlander ("native"). "Non-pribumi", often simply "non-pri", was then used to refer to Indonesians of foreign descent, especially Chinese Indonesians and was generally considered to suggest that they were not full citizens. Use of both "pribumi" and "non-pribumi" by government departments was banned by President B.J. Habibie in 1998 according to Inpres (Instruksi Presiden, lit. President's Instruction) 26/1998, along with instruction to stop discrimination by race in government.[286]
Northern Monkey
(UK) used in the south of England, relating to the supposed stupidity and lack of sophistication of those in the north of the country.[287] In some cases this has been adopted in the north of England, with a pub in Leeds even taking the name 'The Northern Monkey'.[288] (see also Southern Faerie)
Nusayri
(Syria and the Levant) a member of the Alawite sect of Shi'a Islam. Once a common and neutral term derived from the name of Ibn Nusayr, the sect's founder, it fell out of favour within the community in the early decades of the 20th century due the perception that it implied a heretical separateness from mainstream Islam.[289] Resurgent in the context of the ongoing Syrian Civil War, the term is now often employed by Sunni fundamentalist enemies of the government of Bashar al-Assad, an Alawite, to suggest that the faith is a human invention lacking divine legitimacy.[290]

O

Ofay
(African American Vernacular) a white person. Originates from the late 19th century.[291]
Oláh
(Hungarian-speaking territories) a term used pejoratively by Hungarians to refer to Romanians[292]
Oreo
(U.S.) a black person who is perceived as acting white, and therefore black on the outside and white on the inside like an Oreo cookie.[293][294] Used as early as the 1960s.[295]
Oven Dodger
A Jew,[296] implying that one or one's ancestors avoided dying in the Holocaust and so avoid the crematorium ovens.
Overner
(UK, Isle of Wight) a term used by residents of the Isle of Wight, sometimes pejoratively, to refer to people from the mainland United Kingdom.[297]

P

Paddy
(Primarily UK) an Irishman,[298] derived from Pádraig/Patrick. Often derogatory; however, Lord Edward FitzGerald, a major leader of the United Irishmen of 1798,[299] was proclaimed by his Sister proudly "a Paddy and no more" and stated that "he desired no other title than this".[300]
Paki, Pakkis, Pak
(United Kingdom, Ireland, Canada, Norway) Pakistanis, also directed towards other South Asians (and sometimes Middle Eastern people), shortened from "Pakistani".[301][302][303]
Palagi
(Pacific Islands) a Samoan term for a white person, found throughout the Pacific islands. Not usually derogatory unless used in reference to a local to imply they have assimilated into Western culture.[304]
Paleface
(Native Americans) white people.[305]
Pancake Face, Pancake
an Asian person[306]
Pastel de flango
(Brazil) an East Asian person. Used mostly to refer to people of Chinese and Japanese origin.[307] Pastel is Portuguese for any pastry and so is used for wonton in Brazil.[308] Flango is eye dialect of frango (Portuguese for chicken) ridiculing Asian pronunciation.[309]
Peckerwood
Used by southern African Americans and upper-class whites to refer to poor rural whites.[310][311]
Pepper or Pepsi
(Canada) a French Canadian or Québécois.[312][313] Derived from the Anglo-Canadian jibe that their stereotypically bad dental hygiene was due to drinking Pepsi or Dr Pepper for breakfast.
Petrol sniffer
(AUS) An aboriginal person.
Pickaninny
An African American child.[314][315]
Piefke
(Austria) a. a Prussian. (historically)
b. a German.
Pikey / piky / piker
(Britain) derived from "turnpike". a. Irish Traveller.
b. a Romani person.
c. an itinerant or vagrant lower-class or poor person. Sometimes used to refer to an Irish person [19th century on].[316]
Plastic Paddy
(Ireland) someone who knows little of Irish culture, but asserts their 'Irish' identity. Can refer to foreign nationals who claim Irishness based solely on having Irish relatives. Often used in the same sense as poseur and wannabe.[317][318]
Pocho / pocha
(Southwest U.S., Mexico) adjective: term for a person of Mexican heritage who is partially or fully assimilated into U.S. culture (literally, "diluted, watered down (drink); undersized (clothing)").[319] (See also "Chicano")
Polack, Polak, Polock
[320] a Pole or a person of Polish or Slavic origin,[321] from the Polish endonym, Polak (see Name of Poland). Note: the proper Swedish demonym for Polish people is polack[322] and the Norwegian equivalent is polakk.[323]
Polaco
(Spain) a Catalan person.
Polentone
(Italy) an inhabitant of Northern Italy referring to them as a "polenta eater".[324]
Pom, Pohm, Pommy, Pommie, Pommie Grant
(AUS/NZ/SA) a British (usually English)[325] immigrant.
Porch monkey
a black person[326] referring to perceived common behavior of groups hanging out on front porches or steps of urban apartment complexes in U.S. cities.
Portagee
(U.S.) A person from Portugal or a person of Portuguese descent.[327]
Potet
Norwegians[328]
Prairie nigger
Native American[329]
Prod
(Northern Ireland) a Northern Irish Protestant.[330]
Pshek
(Russian) A male Pole.

Q

Quashie
(Caribbean) a black person,[331] often gullible or unsophisticated.[332] From the West African name Kwazi, often given to a child born on a Sunday[333][334]

R

Raghead
Arabs, Indian Sikhs and some other peoples, for wearing traditional headdress such as turbans or keffiyehs.[335] Sometimes used generically for all Islamic nations. Also called "Osama" as a slur.[336] See towel head.
Rastus
is a stereotypical term traditionally associated with African Americans in the United States.[337]
Razakars
(Bengali) akin to the western term Judas.[338]
Redlegs
(Barbados) the islands' laborer-class whites.
Redneck
(U.S.) Southern laborer-class whites.[339] Not to be confused with rooinek (literally "red neck"), listed below.
Redskin
Native Americans, often used in the names of sports teams. See Native American name controversy.
Rosuke, Roske
(Japanese) Russians ("suke/ske" is a Japanese general-purpose derogatory suffix.)[340][341]
Rooinek
South African slang for a person of British descent.[342]
Roto
a term used in Peru and Bolivia to refer disdainfully to Chileans. The term roto ("tattered") was first applied to Spanish conquerors in Chile, who were badly dressed and preferred military strength over intellect.[343]
Roundeye
(English-speaking Asians) a white or non-Asian person.[344]
Russki
Russians, from Russian Русский Russkiy, meaning "Russian".[345]
Rusnya
a Russian-language collective term for Russians[346]

S

"Sheboon" redirects here. For the river in Belize, see Sheboon River.
Sambo
(U.S.) an African American or black person[347]
Sand nigger
Arabs (due to the desert environment of most Arab countries)[348][349] Equivalent of dune coon (above).[131]
Sassenach
(Scottish, Gaelic) an English person[350]
Sawney
(England, archaic) a Scottish person, local variant of Sandy, short for "Alasdair".[351]
Scandihoovian
somewhat pejorative term for people of Scandinavian descent living in the U.S., now often embraced by Scandinavian descendants.[352][353][354][355]
Seppo, Septic
(Australian/British) An American. (Cockney rhyming slang: Septic tank – Yank)[356]
Schvartse, Schwartze
Literally "black", a Yiddish or German term for someone of African descent.[357]
Sheboon
(U.S.) Derogatory word for a black woman.[358]
Sheeny
(U.S.) a 19th-century term for an "untrustworthy Jew".[359]
Sheep shagger
(AUS) a New Zealander.[360]
(UK) a Welsh person.[361]
Shelta
(Ireland) the Travelling Folk. Derived from siúilta, which means "The Walkers" in Irish.
Shine
(U.S.) a black person (from shoeshiner).[362]
Shkije
a term used by Gheg Albanians to refer to Serbs, Macedonians, and Montenegrins.[363]
Shkutzim (Yiddish, plural)
non-Jewish men, especially those perceived to be anti-Semitic. Cf. Shegetz, Shiksa.[364]
Shkutor
(Croatian: Škutor) an ethnic west-Herzegovinan Croat.[365]
Shylock
A Jew, or more specifically, a greedy or usurious Jew. From the antagonistic character of Shylock, a Jewish money-lender, in William Shakespeare's play The Merchant of Venice.[366]
Sideways vagina/pussy/cooter
Asian women, particularly Chinese women.[367]
Skinny
(U.S.) A term for Somali militia fighters[368]
Skopianoi
(Greece) ethnic Macedonians (derived from Skopje, the capital city of North Macedonia).[369][370]
Skip, Skippy
(Aus) An Australian, especially one of British descent, from the children's television series Skippy the Bush Kangaroo[371]
Slant, slant–eye
a person of East Asian descent in reference to the appearance of the eyes.[372]
Slope, slopehead, slopy, slopey, sloper
(Aus, UK, and U.S.) a person of Asian (in Australia, especially Vietnamese; in America, especially Chinese) descent.[373][374] Also slant, slant–eye.[375]
Snow Nigger
Northern European.[citation needed]
Smoked Irish / smoked Irishman
(U.S.) a 19th-century term for blacks (intended to insult both blacks and Irish).[331]
Soosmar-khor
(سوسمار خور) "lizard eater" a Persian slur against Arabs, referring to the eating of lizards in Arab cuisine.[376][377][378]
Sooty
a black person [originated in the U.S. in the 1950s][379]
Southern Faerie, Southern Fairy
(UK), a pejorative term used in the North of England to refer to someone from the South, alluding to their supposed mollycoddled ways. (see also Northern Monkey)[380]
Soutpiel
(South Africa) an Afrikaans term abbreviated as "Soutie" and translates as "Salt-penis", and used for White English speaking people. It derives from the Boer Wars where it was said that British soldiers had one foot in the UK, one foot in South Africa and their penis dangled in the Atlantic Ocean.[381]
Spade
a black person, recorded since 1928 (OED), from the playing cards suit.[382]
Spearchucker
A term used for an African American, or other person of African descent.[383]
Spic, spick, spik, spig, or spigotty
a. (U.S.) a person of Hispanic descent. First recorded use in 1915. Common belief is that it is an abbreviation of "Hispanic".
b. the Spanish language.[384]
Spook
a black person,[385] attested from the 1940s.[386]
Squarehead
a Nordic person, such as a Scandinavian or a German. Refers to either the stereotyped shape of their heads, or to the shape of the Stahlhelm M1916 steel helmet,[387] or to its owner's stubbornness (like a block of wood).
Squaw
(U.S. and CAN) a Native American woman.[388] Derived from lower East Coast Algonquian (Massachusett: ussqua),[389] which originally meant "young woman"
Swamp Guinea
a person of Italian descent.[390]

T

Tacohead
a Mexican person. This phrase is uttered by Willem Dafoe's character (Charlie) in the film Born on the Fourth of July.[391]
Taffy or Taff
(UK) a Welsh person. First used ca. 17th century. From the River Taff or the Welsh pronunciation of the name David (in Welsh, Dafydd).[392]
Taig (also Teague, Teg and Teig)
used by loyalists in Northern Ireland for members of the nationalist/Catholic/Gaelic community. Derived from the Irish name Tadhg, often mistransliterated as Timothy.[393][394]
Tanka
a name for a distinct ethnic group traditionally living in boats off the shore of South China. Originally descriptive ("Tank" is a Cantonese term for boat or junk and "ka" means family or peoples), the term Tanka is now considered derogatory and no longer in common use.[395] The people concerned prefer to call themselves by other names, such as 'Nam Hoi Yan' (People of The Southern Sea) or 'Sui Seung Yan' (Those Born on The Waters), and other Chinese use more polite terms such as "On-water people" (Chinese: 水上人; pinyin: shuǐshàng rén; Cantonese Yale: Séuiseuhngyàn),[396] or "people of the southern sea" (Chinese: 南海人; Cantonese Yale: Nàamhóiyàn).[397][398][399][400][401][402][403]
Tar-Baby (UK, U.S. and NZ)
a black child.[404] Also used to refer without regard to race to a situation from which it is difficult to extricate oneself. See tar baby.
Teapot
A black person. [19th century][405][331]
Terrone
(Italian) an inhabitant of Southern Italy.
Teuchter
(Southern Scotland) somebody from the north of Scotland or rural Scottish areas.[406]
Thicklips
(UK) a black person.[331]
Timber nigger
Native Americans.[407]
Ting tong
(UK) Chinese people or East Asians.[408]
Tinker / tynekere / tinkere / tynkere, -are / tynker / tenker / tinkar / tyncar / tinkard / tynkard / tincker
a. (Britain and Ireland) an inconsequential person (typically lower-class); (note that in Britain, the term "Irish Tinker" may be used, giving it the same meaning as example b.)
b. (Scotland and Ireland) a Romani person [origin unknown – possibly relating to one of the 'traditional' occupations of Romanis as travelling 'tinkerers' or repairers of common household objects][409]
c. (Scotland) a member of the native community; previously itinerant (but mainly now settled); who were reputed for their production of domestic implements from basic materials and for repair of the same items, being also known in the past as "travelling tinsmiths", possibly derived from a reputation for rowdy and alcoholic recreation. Often confused with Gypsy/Romani people.
Toad
(American prison) a black person.[410]
Towel head
a person who wears a turban. Often refers specifically to Sikhs,[411] or Arabs and Muslims—based on the traditional keffiyeh headdress.[412]
Touch of the tar brush
(British) phrase for a person of predominantly Caucasian[when defined as?] ancestry with real or suspected African or Asian distant ancestry.[413]
Turco-Albanian
A pejorative term historically used in Western Europe and still in use within the Balkans to refer to Muslim Albanians. In the Greek language, the expression is rendered as Turkalvanoi.[414]
Turk
(South Wales) A person from Llanelli. The origin of this term is uncertain; some theories suggest it due to Llanelli's popularity with Turkish sailors in the late 19th to early 20th century or possibly when Turkish migrants heading for the U.S. stopped in Llanelli and decided to settle due to there being jobs available. However, most likely it's due to the fact that during World War One there was a trade embargo in place during Gallipoli, but Llanelli continued to trade tin with the Turkish; this led to people from neighbouring Swansea and other surrounding areas referring to them as Turks.[415]
Twinkie
(Native American) a European American, with little or no social or blood links to any tribe, who claims to be an American Indian (Native American);[416] or an Asian American who has become assimilated into mainstream American culture.[33]

U

Ukrop
(literally "dill" in fact a pun: ukrainian<->ukrop) a disparaging term used by Russians to refer to Ukrainians.[417][237]
Uncle Tom
a black person perceived as behaving in a subservient manner to white authority figures.[418]

V

Vatnik
Vatnyk, Vata: Russians with pro-Russian jingoist and chauvinist views. A vatnik is a cheap cotton-padded jacket.
Veneco
(South America) Venezuelans[419]

W

Wagon burner
a Native American person. A reference to when Native American tribes would attack wagon trains during the wars in the eastern American frontier.[420]
Wasi'chu or Wasichu
Lakota and Dakota word for non-Indian white person, meaning "the one who takes the best meat for himself."[421]
West Brit
(Ireland) An Irish person perceived as being insufficiently Irish or too Anglophilic.[422][423]
Wetback
(U.S.) an illegal immigrant residing in the United States. Originally applied specifically to Mexican migrant workers who had illegally crossed the U.S. border via the Rio Grande river to find work in the United States, its meaning has since broadened to anyone who illegally enters the United States through its southern border.[424]
White ears
(Nauru) A white person.[425]
White interloper
refers to a white person who becomes involved in a place or situation where they are not wanted or are considered not to belong.[426]
Wigger / Whigger / Wigga (White Nigger)
(U.S.) used in 19th-century United States to refer to the Irish. Sometimes used today in reference to white people in a manner similar to white trash or redneck. Also refers to white youth that imitate urban black youth by means of clothing style, mannerisms, and slang speech.[427] Also used by radical Québécois in self-reference, as in the seminal 1968 book White Niggers of America.
White trash
(U.S.) poor white people. Common usage from the 1830s as a pejorative used by black house slaves against white servants.[428]
Whitey
a term for a Caucasian.[429]
Wog
a. (UK and Commonwealth, except AUS) any swarthy or dark-skinned foreigner. Possibly derived from "golliwogg."[430] In Britain, it usually refers to dark-skinned people from Asia or Africa, though some use the term to refer to anyone outside the borders of their own country.
b. (AUS) Usually used to refer to Southern Europeans and Mediterraneans (Italians, Croatians, Greeks, Albanians, Spaniards, Lebanese, and others).
Wop
(North America and UK) anyone of Italian descent, derived from the Italian dialectism, "guappo", close to "dude, swaggerer" and other informal appellations, a greeting among male Neapolitans.[431][432]

X

Xiao Riben
(China) the Japanese people or a person of Japanese descent.

Y

Yam yam
(UK) term used by people from Birmingham to refer to someone from the Black Country.[433]
Yanacona
a term used by modern Mapuche as an insult for Mapuches considered to be subsirvient to non-indigenous Chileans, "sellout".[434] Use of the word "yanacona" to describe people have led legal action in Chile.[434]
Yank
a contraction of "Yankee" below, first recorded in 1778 and employed internationally by speakers of British English in informal reference to all Americans generally.[435]
Yankee
from Dutch, possibly from Janke ("Johnny") or a dialectical variant of Jan Kaas ("John Cheese").[435] First applied by the Dutch colonists of New Amsterdam to Connecticuters and then to other residents of New England, "Yankee" remains in use in the American South in reference to Northerners, often in a mildly pejorative sense.
Yellow
a) an East or southeast Asian person, in reference to those who have a yellowish skin color.[436]
b) anyone of mixed heritage, especially black or white people.[436]
Yellow bone
a very light skinned black person.[437] A yellow bone is of mixed black and white ancestry and, in some cases, it's possible they may be predominantly of white heritage but identify as black due to the long-lasting cultural ramifications of the one-drop rule. American singer Beyoncé, who is of Louisiana Creole ancestry, has described herself as yellow bone.[438]
Yid
a Jew, from its use as an endonym among Yiddish-speaking Jews.[439]
Yuon
The Cambodian word "Yuon" (yuôn) យួន /juən/ is an ethnic slur for Vietnamese, derived from the Indian word for Greek, "Yavana".[440] It can also be spelled as "Youn".[441]

Z

Zip, Zipperhead
an Asian person. Used by American military personnel during the Korean War and Vietnam War. Also seen in the films Platoon, Apocalypse Now, Full Metal Jacket, Premium Rush, Romeo Must Die, and Gran Torino.[442][443][444] The phrase "zips in the wire" from Platoon has also been used outside of this context.
Zhyd, zhid, zhydovka, zhidovka
A Jew, from Russian and other Slavic languages, originally neutral, but became pejorative during debate over the Jewish question in the 1800s. Its use was banned by the Soviet authorities in the 1930s.[445]

See also

References

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  3. ^ Radhakrishnan, Rajagopalan (24 February 2006). "Diaspora, Hybridity, Pedagogy". In Ghosh-Schellhorn, Martina; Alexander, Vera (eds.). Peripheral Centres, Central Peripheries: India and Its Diaspora(s). LIT Verlag Münster. p. 116. ISBN 978-3825892104. Retrieved 11 April 2015.
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  6. ^ Moore (2004), p. 3
  7. ^ Green (2005), p. 10, 1003 harvp error: multiple targets (3×): CITEREFGreen2005 (help)
  8. ^ Poteet, Jim; Poteet, Lewis (1992). Car & Motorcycle Slang. p. 14, Afro engineering. ISBN 978-0-595-01080-6.
  9. ^ Tripp, Elise Forbes. Surviving Iraq: Soldiers' Stories. Interlink Publishing. p. 22.
  10. ^ (Spears 2001, p. 6)
  11. ^ Daniels, Peter, Honest Conservatism Redirecting 50 Years of Black Voting, Page Publishing Inc (2017), p. 20, ISBN 9781635681581 [1]
  12. ^ https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=hr&tl=en&u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rtl.hr%2Fvijesti-hr%2Fnovosti%2Fzanimljivosti%2F3649921%2Fkako-nazivcirati-europljane-hrvate-ce-naljutiti-izjava-da-su-juzni-srbi-a-srbe-da-je-tesla-hrvat%2F
  13. ^ Khambhaita, Priya; Willis, Rosalind (2018). "British-born Indian second-generation 'return' to India". In Leonard, Pauline; Walsh, Katie (eds.). British Migration: Privilege, Diversity and Vulnerability. Routledge. doi:10.4324/9781315537016-7. ISBN 978-1-134-99255-3.
  14. ^ Rawson (1989), p. 19
  15. ^ Smitherman, Geneva (1986). Talkin and Testifyin: The Language of Black America. Wayne State University Press. p. 68. ISBN 978-0-8143-1805-8. Retrieved 15 July 2018.
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  372. ^ Chow, Kat (19 January 2017). "The Slants: Fighting For The Right To Rock A Racial Slur". NPR.org. Retrieved 26 May 2018.
  373. ^ Moore (2004), "slope"
  374. ^ Ayto & Simpson (2010), "slope", "slopy"
  375. ^ "Blog: My slant on The Slants and other Asian American "N" words - AALDEF". aaldef.org. 4 April 2011.
  376. ^ Terence O'Donnell (1980). Garden of the brave in war. Ticknor & Fields. p. 19. ISBN 978-0-89919-016-7.
  377. ^ "Arabs Rise, Tehran Trembles". The New York Times. Retrieved 7 January 2016.
  378. ^ Elaine Sciolino (25 September 2001). Persian Mirrors: The Elusive Face of Iran. Simon and Schuster. pp. 170–. ISBN 978-0-7432-1779-8.
  379. ^ Ayto & Simpson (2010), "sooty"
  380. ^ Collins, Tim (25 February 2014). The Northern Monkey Survival Guide: How to Hold on to Your Northern Cred in a World Filled with Southern Jessies. Michael OMara. p. 120. ISBN 978-1-78243-283-8.
  381. ^ Philip Hummel (25 January 2011). My Life Growing up White during Apartheid in South Africa. Author House. p. 63. ISBN 978-1-4567-1801-5. Retrieved 4 April 2017.
  382. ^ "Spade". American Heritage Dictionary. Archived from the original on 12 December 2007. Retrieved 1 November 2013.
  383. ^ Philip H. Herbst (1997). The Color of Words: An Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Ethnic Bias in the United States. Intercultural Press. p. 210. ISBN 9781877864971. Retrieved 1 November 2013.
  384. ^ Rawson (1989), p. 370
  385. ^ "spook". Dictionary.com. Retrieved 1 November 2013.
  386. ^ Harper, Douglas. "spook". Online Etymology Dictionary.
  387. ^ "Well-Known Nicknames". Archived from the original on 18 November 2015. Retrieved 1 November 2013.
  388. ^ "Squaw". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Merriam-Webster.
  389. ^ "Squaw". Dictionary.com Unabridged (Online). n.d. Retrieved 4 June 2018..
  390. ^ Green, Jonathon (2005). Cassell's Dictionary of Slang. Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. p. 1394. ISBN 9780304366361. Retrieved 2 May 2015.
  391. ^ Stone, Oliver; Kovic, Ron (August 1988). Born on the Fourth of July movie script (part 2) (PDF). p. 121. Retrieved 28 January 2015. Hey how far the fuck you going - tacohead! {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |subscription= (help)
  392. ^ Ayto & Simpson (2010), "taffy"
  393. ^ Bernard Wienraub (2 June 1971). "taig". New York Times. Archived from the original on 4 November 2004. Retrieved 1 November 2013. In Belfast, Joblessness And a Poisonous Mood
  394. ^ Paul Majendie (29 November 1986). "taig". Sydney Morning Herald. Archived from the original on 4 November 2004. Retrieved 1 November 2013. On Belfast's Walls, Hatred Rules
  395. ^ Farewell to Peasant China: Rural Urbanization and Social Change in ... – Page 75 Gregory Eliyu Guldin – 1997 "In Dongji hamlet, most villagers were originally shuishangren (boat people) [Also known in the West by the pejorative label, "Tanka" people. — Ed.] and settled on land only in the 1950s. Per-capita cultivated land averaged only 1 mu ..."
  396. ^ Cornelius Osgood (1975). The Chinese: a study of a Hong Kong community, Volume 3. University of Arizona Press. p. 1212. shii leung (shu lang) shii miu (shu miao) shui fan (shui fen) shui kwa (shui kua) sui seung yan (shui shang jen) Shui Sin (Shui Hsien) shuk in (shu yen) ShunTe Sian Sin Ku (Hsien Ku) sin t'it (hsien t'ieh) Sin Yan (Hsien Jen) sing
  397. ^ Great Britain. Colonial Office, Hong Kong. Government Information Services (1962). Hong Kong. Govt. Press. p. 37. The Tanka are boat dwellers who very seldom settle ashore. They themselves do not much use this name, which they consider derogatory, but usually call themselves 'Nam Hoi Yan (people of the southern sea) or 'Sui Seung Yan
  398. ^ National Physical Laboratory (Great Britain) (1962). Report for the year ... H.M.S.O. p. 37.
  399. ^ Hong Kong: report for the year ... Government Press. 1961. p. 40.
  400. ^ Hong Kong, Great Britain. Foreign and Commonwealth Office (1962). Hong Kong annual report. H.M.S.O. p. 37.
  401. ^ Great Britain. Foreign and Commonwealth Office, Hong Kong. Government Information Services (1960). Hong Kong. Govt. Press. p. 40.
  402. ^ Martin Hürlimann (1962). Hong Kong. Viking Press. p. 17. The Tanka are among the earliest of the region's inhabitants. They call themselves 'Sui Seung Yan', signifying 'those born on the waters'; for they have been a population afloat as far back as men can remember—their craft jostle each other most closely in the fishing port
  403. ^ Valery M. Garrett (1987). Traditional Chinese clothing in Hong Kong and South China, 1840–1980. Oxford University Press. p. 2. ISBN 0-19-584174-3. The Tanka dislike the name and prefer 'Sui seung yan', which means 'people who live on the water'.
  404. ^ Ayto & Simpson (2010), "tar"
  405. ^ Green (2005), p. 1419 harvp error: multiple targets (3×): CITEREFGreen2005 (help)
  406. ^ Robinson, Mairi, ed. (1985). The Concise Scots dictionary. Aberdeen University Press. ISBN 978-0-08-028491-0.
  407. ^ Kennedy, Randall L. (Winter 1999–2000). "Who Can Say "Nigger"? And Other Considerations". The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education (26): 86–96 [87].
  408. ^ "Ukip MEP apologises for calling Thai party member a 'ting tong'". Telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved 2 September 2017.
  409. ^ Ayto & Simpson (2010), "tinker"
  410. ^ Partridge (2006), p. 786, Toad harvp error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFPartridge2006 (help)
  411. ^ "Harleen Kaur: Michigan Sikh Youth Responds to 'Towel Head' Comments". Sikh24.com.
  412. ^ "towelhead". Oxford Dictionaries. Oxford University Press. Retrieved 12 July 2014.
  413. ^ John Akomfrah 1991 A Touch o;f the Tarbrush (TV Documentary) 1991
  414. ^ Millas, Iraklis (2006). "Tourkokratia: History and the image of Turks in Greek literature". South European Society & Politics. 11. (1): 50. "The 'timeless' existence of the Other (and the interrelation of the Self with this Other) is secured by the name used to define him or her. Greeks often name as 'Turks' various states and groups—such as the Seljuks, the Ottomans, even the Albanians (Turkalvanoi)".
  415. ^ Waller, Robert; Criddle, Byron (1999). The Almanac of British Politics. Psychology Press. p. 326. ISBN 978-0-415-18541-7.
  416. ^ Mihesuah, Devon A. (2002). American Indians: stereotypes & realities (Reprint ed.). Atlanta, GA: Clarity. p. 70. ISBN 978-0-932863-22-5. Retrieved 27 February 2012. It's little wonder that Indians are closed-mouthed about their spirituality. Non-Indians claiming to be "spiritual leaders", "healers" and "medicine men and women" abound in this country, and these "crystal twinkies" (as a former Hopi student likes to call them) make a pretty decent living at deceiving the public.
  417. ^ Putin unapologetic, uncompromising on war against Ukraine, Kyiv Post (18 December 2014)
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  421. ^ McGirt, Ellen (2 July 2019). "Welcome to Whitopia". Fortune. Retrieved 3 July 2019. "Wasichu" is the Lakota term for non-Indian white person, but it also means "the one who takes the best meat for himself."
  422. ^ Clarke, Donald. "All kinds of things can get you called a West Brit these days". The Irish Times. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
  423. ^ McNamee, Michael Sheils. "Would you take offence at being called a West Brit? The term has a muddled history". TheJournal.ie.
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  425. ^ "Abuse of Nauru judicial process continuing – Judge warns". Radio New Zealand. 12 November 2019. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
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  429. ^ "Whitey". Princeton WordNet listing. Retrieved 1 November 2013.
  430. ^ The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (2004). "Wog". Fourth Edition. Houghton Mifflin Company. Retrieved 1 November 2007.
  431. ^ "wop". Dictionary.com Unabridged (Online). n.d. Retrieved 1 November 2007.
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  433. ^ "16 Birmingham and Black Country slang terms explained". Time Out Birmingham. Retrieved 2 September 2017.
  434. ^ a b "Audiencia en caso Mapuexpress: Querellante pidió censurar al medio a cambio de retirar la demanda". El Desconcierto (in Spanish). 27 July 2017. Retrieved 4 September 2019.
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  436. ^ a b "yellow". Dictionary.com Unabridged (Online). n.d. Retrieved 25 December 2017.
  437. ^ "White Supremacist Roots of "Yellow Bone" – Queer Consciousness". Retrieved 14 February 2019.
  438. ^ Luders-Manuel, Shannon (9 February 2016). "A Yellow-Bone's Analysis of Beyonce's "Formation"". Shannon Luders-Manuel. Retrieved 14 February 2019.
  439. ^ "Yid". Retrieved 1 November 2013.
  440. ^ Post Staff (4 July 2003). "From Ionia to Vietnam". The Phnom Penh Post.
  441. ^ "Pejorative Terms "Yuon" and "Mien"". University Libraries University of Washington. Vietnam Studies Group. 2008. Archived from the original on 21 March 2014.
  442. ^ Dickson, Paul (2003). War Slang: American Fighting Words and Phrases Since the Civil War. Potomac Books Inc. ISBN 978-1-57488-710-5.
  443. ^ Katherine Kinney (2000). Friendly Fire: American images of the Vietnam War. Oxford University Press. p. 5. ISBN 9780198027584. Retrieved 7 December 2011. zips in the wire vietnam war.
  444. ^ "Glossary of Military Terms & Slang from the Vietnam War". Retrieved 1 November 2013.
  445. ^ Klier, John D. (1982). ""Zhid": Biography of a Russian Epithet". The Slavonic and East European Review. 60 (1): 1–15. ISSN 0037-6795.

Bibliography

Further reading

  • Burchfield, Robert. "Dictionaries and Ethnic Sensibilities". In The State of the Language, ed. Leonard Michaels and Christopher Ricks, University of California Press, 1980, pp. 15–23.
  • Croom, Adam M. "Racial Epithets: What We Say and Mean by Them". Dialogue 51 (1):34–45 (2008)
  • Henderson, Anita. "What's in a Slur?" American Speech, Volume 78, Number 1, Spring 2003, pp. 52–74 in Project MUSE
  • Kennedy, Randall. Nigger: The Strange Career of a Troublesome Word (Pantheon, 2002)
  • Mencken, H. L. "Designations for Colored Folk". American Speech, 1944. 19: 161–74.
  • Wachal, Robert S. "Taboo and Not Taboo: That Is the Question". American Speech, 2002. vol. 77: 195–206.

Dictionaries

  • Erin McKean, ed. The New Oxford American Dictionary, second edition. (Oxford University Press, 2005)
  • Eric Partridge, A Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English (2002)
  • John A. Simpson, Oxford English Dictionary Additions Series. ISBN 0-19-861299-0
  • Catherine Soanes and Angus Stevenson, ed. The Concise Oxford English Dictionary. (Oxford University Press, 2004)
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