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Visa requirements for Dominican Republic citizens

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A Dominican Republic Passport
Not to be confused with Visa requirements for Dominica citizens.

Visa requirements for Dominican Republic citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of the Dominican Republic.

As of 01 July 2020, holders of a Dominican Republic passport could travel to 65 countries and territories without a travel visa or with a visa on arrival, ranking the Dominican Republic passport 78th in terms of travel freedom (tied with the passports of Zimbabwe and Ghana) according to the Henley Passport Index.[1]

Visa requirement map

Visa requirements for Dominican Republic citizens
  Dominican Republic
  Visa free access
  Visa on arrival
  eVisa
  Visa available both on arrival or online
  Visa required

Visa requirements

Visa requirements for holders of normal passports traveling for tourist purposes:

Country Visa requirement Allowed stay Notes (excluding departure fees)
 Afghanistan Visa required[2]
 Albania Visa required[3]
  • Visa not required for holders of Schengen, US or UK visa or residence permits (max stay 90 days) [4]
 Algeria Visa required[5]
 Andorra Visa required[6]
  • Schengen visa covers entry.
 Angola Visa required[7]
 Antigua and Barbuda Electronic Entry Visa[8]
  • Visa waiver for passengers with valid visa issued by Canada, USA, UK or Schengen Member State. Visa fee: USD-100, for max. of 30 days.
 Argentina Visa required[9]
 Armenia eVisa / Visa on arrival[10] 120 days
 Australia Visa required[12]
  • May apply online (Online Visitor e600 visa).[13]
 Austria Visa required[14]
 Azerbaijan Visa required[15]
  • Visa on arrival is available providing an official invitation letter.
 Bahamas Visa required[16]
  • Bahamas tourist visa is not required for US or Canada Resident card holder for a stay up to 30 days.[17]
 Bahrain eVisa[18][19]
 Bangladesh Visa on arrival[20] 30 days
  • Not available at all entry points.[21]
 Barbados Visa required[22]
 Belarus Visa required[23]
  • Visas are issued on arrival at the Minsk International Airport if the support documents were submitted not later than 3 business days before expected date of arrival.[24]
 Belgium Visa required[25]
  • Transit without visa (TWOV) available.
 Belize Visa not required[26] 30 days
 Benin eVisa / Visa on arrival[27][28] 30 days / 8 days
  • Must have an international vaccination certificate.
 Bhutan Visa required[29]
  • Visa on arrival is available if the clearance is obtained
 Bolivia Visa on arrival[30] 90 days
 Bosnia and Herzegovina Visa required[31]
  • Visa waiver for passengers with valid visa or resident permit issued by USA or Schengen Member State.
 Botswana Visa not required[32] 90 days
  • 90 days within any year period
 Brazil Visa required[33]
  • Visa waiver agreement for 60 days was signed in May 2018 and it is yet to come into force.[34]
 Brunei Visa required[35]
 Bulgaria Visa required[36]
 Burkina Faso Visa required[37]
 Burundi Visa required[38]
 Cambodia eVisa / Visa on arrival[39] 30 days
  • Visa is also obtainable online.[40]
 Cameroon Visa required[41]
  • Pre-approved visa on arrival is available.
 Canada Visa required[42]
  • Visa not required for US permanent resident card Holders.[43]
 Cape Verde Visa on arrival[44]
  • Not available at all entry points.[45]
 Central African Republic Visa required[46]
 Chad Visa required[47]
 Chile Visa required[48]
 China Visa required[49]
  • Pre-arranged visa on arrival is available
 Colombia Visa not required[50] 180 days
  • 90 days - extendable up to 180-days stay within a one-year period
 Comoros Visa on arrival[51]
 Republic of the Congo Visa required[52]
 Democratic Republic of the Congo Visa required[53]
 Costa Rica Visa required[54]
  • Visa waiver for passengers with multiple-entry valid visa issued by Canada or USA, maximum for 30 days.
 Côte d'Ivoire Visa required[55]
  • Pre-arranged visa is available on arrival providing an invitation letter.
 Croatia Visa required[56]
 Cuba Tourist Card required[57] 30 days
  • No visa required, tourist card for maximum 30 days on arrival/prior to arrival, extendable another further 30 days with fee
 Cyprus Visa required[58]
 Czech Republic Visa required[59]
 Denmark Visa required[60]
 Djibouti eVisa[61] 31 days
 Dominica Visa required[62]
  • Visa is not required for holders of a valid US, UK, Canada or a Schengen member State visa.
 Ecuador Visa not required[63] 90 days[64]
 Egypt Visa on arrival[65] 15 days
 El Salvador Visa not required[66] 3 months
 Equatorial Guinea Visa required[67]
 Eritrea Visa required[68]
  • Pre-arranged visa on arrival is available.
 Estonia Visa required[69]
 Eswatini Visa required[70]
 Ethiopia eVisa[71] up to 90 days
 Fiji Visa required[72]
 Finland Visa required[73]
 France Visa required[74]
  • Transit without visa (TWOV) available.
 Gabon eVisa[75]
 Gambia Visa not required[76] 90 days
  • Must obtain an entry clearance from the Gambian Immigration prior to travel [77]
 Georgia Visa not required[78] 1 year
 Germany Visa required[79]
 Ghana Visa required[80]
  • Pre-arranged visa on arrival is available.
 Greece Visa required[81]
 Grenada Visa not required[82]
 Guatemala Visa not required[83] 90 days
 Guinea Visa required[84]
 Guinea-Bissau eVisa / Visa on arrival[85] 90 days
 Guyana Visa not required[86][87] 30 days
 Haiti Visa required[88]
  • Visa not required for max. stay of 3 Months for Holders of a valid visa issued by Canada, the USA or a Schengen Member State.
 Honduras Visa not required[86][89] 30 days
 Hungary Visa required[90]
 Iceland Visa required[91]
 India e-Visa[92] 60 days
  • e-Visa holders must arrive via 31 designated airports[Note 1] or 5 designated seaports.[Note 2][93]
  • An Indian e-Tourist Visa may only be obtained twice within 1 calendar year.[citation needed]
  • Foreigners of Pakistani origin or who hold a Pakistani Passport are not eligible for an e-Visa. Foreigners who are not Pakistani nationals, but whose parents or grandparents (either paternal or maternal) were born in, or were permanent residents in Pakistan, are also not eligible for an e-Visa.[94]
 Indonesia Visa not required[95] 30 days
 Iran Visa on arrival[96] 30 days
 Iraq Visa required[97]
 Ireland Visa required[98]
 Israel Visa not required[99] 90 days
 Italy Visa required[100]
 Jamaica Visa required[101]
  • Visa waiver for passengers with a valid visa issued by Canada, USA, UK, or a Schengen Member State for maximum of 30 days.
 Japan Visa not required[102] 90 days
 Jordan Visa on arrival[103]
  • Conditions apply.[104] Not available at all entry points.[105]
 Kazakhstan Visa required[106]
  • Visa on arrival is available providing an invitation letter.
 Kenya eVisa / Visa on arrival[107][108] 90 days
 Kiribati Visa required[109]
 North Korea Visa required[110]
 South Korea Visa not required[111] 90 days
 Kuwait Visa required[112]
 Kyrgyzstan eVisa[113]
 Laos eVisa / Visa on arrival[115] 30 days
 Latvia Visa required[119]
 Lebanon Free visa on arrival[120] 1 month
  • 1 month extendable for 2 additional months; granted free of charge at Beirut International Airport or any other port of entry if there is no Israeli visa or seal, holding a telephone number, an address in Lebanon, and a non refundable return or circle trip ticket.
 Lesotho eVisa[121][122]
 Liberia Visa required[123]
  • Pre-arranged visa on arrival is available.
 Libya Visa required[124]
 Liechtenstein Visa required[125]
 Lithuania Visa required[126]
 Luxembourg Visa required[127]
 Madagascar eVisa / Visa on arrival[128] 90 days
 Malawi Visa on arrival[129] 30 days.
 Malaysia Visa not required[130] 30 days
 Maldives Free visa on arrival[131] 30 days[64]
 Mali Visa required[132]
 Malta Visa required[133]
 Marshall Islands Visa required[134]
 Mauritania Visa on arrival[135]
 Mauritius Visa on arrival[136] 60 days
 Mexico Visa required[137]
  • No visa required for those holding a valid US or Schengen visa.
 Micronesia Visa not required[138] 30 days
 Moldova Visa required[139]
 Monaco Visa required[140]
 Mongolia Visa required[141]
  • Pre-arranged visa on arrival is available.
 Montenegro Visa required[142]
  • Visa waiver for passengers with a valid visa issued by Canada, USA, UK or a Schengen Member State for 30 days.
 Morocco Visa required[143]
 Mozambique Visa on arrival[144] 30 days
 Myanmar Visa required[146]
 Namibia Visa required[147]
 Nauru Visa required[148]
   Nepal Visa on arrival[149] 90 days
 Netherlands Visa required[150]
 New Zealand Visa required[151]
 Nicaragua Visa on arrival[152] 90 days
 Niger Visa required[153]
 Nigeria Visa required[154]
  • Pre-arranged visa on arrival is available.
 North Macedonia Visa required[155]
  • No visa required for holders of a multiple entry Schengen visa.
 Norway Visa required[156]
 Oman Visa required[157]
 Pakistan Online Visa[158]
 Palau Free visa on arrival[159] 30 days
 Panama Visa required[160]
  • No visa required for holders of a valid US, Canada, Japan or Schengen Member State visa.
 Papua New Guinea Visa required[161]
 Paraguay Visa not required[162] 60 days[163]
 Peru Visa not required[164] 60 days
 Philippines Visa not required[165] 30 days
 Poland Visa required[166]
 Portugal Visa required[167]
 Qatar Visa not required[168] 90 days
 Romania Visa required[169]
 Russia Visa required[170]
  • Visa exemption agreement for 60 days within any 180 day period was signed on 26 November 2018, ratified by Dominican Republic on August 18, 2020.[171]
 Rwanda eVisa / Visa on arrival[172] 30 days
 Saint Kitts and Nevis Visa required[173]
 Saint Lucia Visa required[174]
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Visa required[175]
 Samoa Visa not required[176] 60 days
 San Marino Visa required[177]
 São Tomé and Príncipe eVisa[178]
 Saudi Arabia Visa required[179]
 Senegal Visa on arrival[180] 90 days
 Serbia Visa required[181]
  • Visa not required for holders of Schengen, US or UK visa or residence permits (max stay 90 days) [4]
 Seychelles Free Visitor's Permit on arrival[182] 3 months[64]
 Sierra Leone Visa required[183]
 Singapore Visa not required[184] 30 days
 Slovakia Visa required[185]
 Slovenia Visa required[186]
 Solomon Islands Free Visitor's permit on arrival[187] 3 months
 Somalia Visa on arrival[188] 30 days
 South Africa Visa required[189]
 South Sudan Visa required[190]
 Spain Visa required[191]
 Sri Lanka eVisa / Visa on arrival[192] 30 days
 Sudan Visa required[193]
 Suriname E-tourist card[194] 90 days
  • Multiple entry eVisa is also available.[195]
 Sweden Visa required[196]
  Switzerland Visa required[197]
 Syria Visa required[198]
  • Pre-arranged visa on arrival is available.
 Tajikistan eVisa[199][200] 45 days
 Tanzania eVisa / Visa on arrival[201][202] 3 months
 Thailand Visa required[203]
 Timor-Leste Visa on arrival[204] 30 days
  • Not available at all entry points.[205]
 Togo Visa on arrival[206] 7 days
 Tonga Visa required[207]
 Trinidad and Tobago Visa not required[208] 90 days
 Tunisia Visa required[209]
  • Visa not required for passengers traveling on an organized tour.
 Turkey eVisa[210] 3 months
 Turkmenistan Visa required[211]
 Tuvalu Visa on arrival[212] 1 month
 Uganda eVisa / Visa on arrival[213]
  • Determined at the port of entry.
 Ukraine eVisa[214] 30 days
 United Arab Emirates Visa required[215]
  • E-visas can be obtained.[216]
  • A 96-hour transit visa can be obtained on arrival at Dubai (DXB).
 United Kingdom Visa required[217]
 United States Visa required[218]
 Uruguay Visa required[219]
 Uzbekistan Visa not required[220] 30 days
 Vanuatu Visa required[221]
 Vatican City Visa required[222]
 Venezuela Visa required[223]
 Vietnam Visa required[224]
 Yemen Visa required[226]
 Zambia eVisa[227]
 Zimbabwe eVisa / Visa on arrival[228]

Dependent, Disputed, or Restricted territories

Visa requirements for Dominican Republic citizens for visits to various territories, disputed areas, partially recognised countries and restricted zones:

Africa
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
 British Indian Ocean Territory Special permit required Special permit required.[229]
 Eritrea outside Asmara Travel permit required To travel in the rest of the country, a Travel Permit for Foreigners is required (20 Eritrean nakfa).[230]
 Ascension Island eVisa[231][232]
  • 3 months within any year period
 Saint Helena eVisa[233][234]
 Tristan da Cunha Permission required Permission to land required for 15/30 pounds sterling (yacht/ship passenger) for Tristan da Cunha Island or 20 pounds sterling for Gough Island, Inaccessible Island or Nightingale Islands.[235]
Western Sahara Undefined visa regime Undefined visa regime in the Sahrawi administered areas. Moroccan visa required in Moroccan administered areas
France Réunion Visa required Schengen visa covers entry
 Somaliland Visa on arrival 30 days for 30 US dollars, payable on arrival.[236][237]
 Sudan Travel permit required All foreigners traveling more than 25 kilometres outside of Khartoum must obtain a travel permit.
Sudan Darfur Travel permit required Separate travel permit is required.[238]
Asia
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
 Hong Kong Visa not required 30 days[239]
 Kazakhstan Special permission required Special permission required for the town of Baikonur and surrounding areas in Kyzylorda Oblast, and the town of Gvardeyskiy near Almaty.[240]
Iran Kish Island Visa not required Visitors to Kish Island do not require a visa.[241]
 Macau Visa on Arrival[242]
Malaysia Sabah and Sarawak Visa required These states have their own immigration authorities and passport is required to travel to them, however the same visa applies.[243]
Maldives Maldives Permission required With the exception of the capital Malé, tourists are generally prohibited from visiting non-resort islands without the express permission of the Government of Maldives.[244]
 Palestine Visa not required[245] Arrival by sea to Gaza Strip not allowed.[246]
 Taiwan Visa not required[247] 30 days
Tajikistan Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province OIVR permit required OIVR permit required (15+5 Tajikistani Somoni) and another special permit (free of charge) is required for Lake Sarez.[248][249][250]
China Tibet Autonomous Region TTP required Tibet Travel Permit required (10 US Dollars).[251][252][253]
United Nations Korean Demilitarised Zone Restricted zone.
United Nations UNDOF Zone and Ghajar Restricted zone.
 Yemen Special permission required Special permission needed for travel outside Sana’a or Aden. Also, a small fee is charged on a case by case basis.[254]
Caribbean and North Atlantic
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
 Anguilla Visa required[255] Visa required, except for Holders of a visa issued by the United Kingdom.
 Aruba Visa required[256] Visa not required if holding a valid multiple-entry visa issued by Canada, USA or a Schengen Member State.
 Bermuda Visa required[257] Visa required, except for A max stay of 3 months for holders of a multiple-entry visa issued by Canada, USA or the United Kingdom, valid for at least 45 days beyond the period of intended stay in Bermuda.
Netherlands Bonaire, St. Eustatius and Saba Visa required[258] Visa not required if holding a valid multiple-entry visa issued by Canada, USA or a Schengen Member State.
 British Virgin Islands Visa required[259] Visa not required if holding a valid multiple-entry visa issued by Canada, USA or a Schengen Member State valid for a minimum of 6 months on arrival. They must travel as tourists or on business for a maximum stay of 6 months.
 Cayman Islands Visa required[260] Visa not Required if you are a US, Canada or United Kingdom Resident and arrive directly from those countries.[261]
 Curacao Visa required[262] Visa not required if holding a valid multiple-entry visa issued by Canada, USA or a Schengen Member State.
France French Guiana Visa required[263] Schengen visa endorsed with "for French Guiana" covers entry
France French West Indies Visa required[264] French West Indies refers to Martinique, Guadeloupe, Saint Martin and Saint Barthélemy.

Schengen visa endorsed with "for French West Indies" covers entry

 Greenland Visa required[265] No visa required for holders of a Schengen member State visa.
 Montserrat Visa not required 6 months[266][267]
 Puerto Rico Visa required[268]
 Saint Pierre and Miquelon Visa required Not required for holders of a Schengen visa.
 Sint Maarten Visa required[269] Visa not required if holding a valid multiple-entry visa issued by Canada, USA or a Schengen Member State.
 Turks and Caicos Islands Visa required [270] Visa not required for holders of a valid visa issued by Canada, United Kingdom or the USA. [271]
 U.S. Virgin Islands Visa required[272]
Europe
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
 Abkhazia Visa required[273]
Mount Athos Special permit required Special permit required (4 days: 25 euro for Orthodox visitors, 35 euro for non-Orthodox visitors, 18 euro for students).
There is a visitors' quota: maximum 100 Orthodox and 10 non-Orthodox per day and women are not allowed.[274][275]
Autonomous Republic of Crimea Crimea Visa required Visa issued by Russia is required.[276]
 Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Visa not required 3 months[277][278]
United Nations UN Buffer Zone in Cyprus Access Permit required[279] Access Permit is required for travelling inside the zone, except Civil Use Areas.
 Faroe Islands Visa required[265] Schengen visa covers entry
United Kingdom Gibraltar Visa required[280] UK Visa covers entry
 Guernsey Visa required[281] UK Visa covers entry
 Isle of Man Visa required[282] UK Visa covers entry
Norway Jan Mayen Permit required[280] Permit issued by the local police required for staying for less than 24 hours[283] and permit issued by the Norwegian police for staying for more than 24 hours.[284]
 Jersey Visa required[285] UK Visa covers entry
 Kosovo Visa required[286] Schengen visa covers entry
 Nagorno-Karabakh Republic Visa required[287][288] Travellers with Nagorno-Karabakh visa (expired or valid) or evidence of travel to Nagorno-Karabakh (stamps) will be permanently denied entry to Azerbaijan.[289]
 Novorossiya Restricted area Crossing from Ukraine requires visit purpose to be explained to Ukrainian passport control on exit and those who entered from Russia are not allowed to proceed further into Ukraine.[290][291]
 Russia Special authorization required Several closed cities and regions in Russia require special authorisation.[292]
 South Ossetia Visa not required Multiple entry visa to Russia and three-day prior notification are required to enter South Ossetia.[293][294]
NorwaySvalbard Visa not required Unlimited period under Svalbard Treaty.[295]

No one requires a visa to enter Svalbard but practically its impossible to board a flight/ferry to Svalbard without entering Norway. So double entry Schengen visa would be required to go and come back from Svalbard to mainland Norway[296]

 Transnistria Visa not required Registration required after 24h.[297][298]
Oceania
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
Australia Ashmore and Cartier Islands Special authorisation required Special authorisation required.[299]
France Clipperton Island Special permit required Special permit required.[300]
 Cook Islands Visa not required 31 days[301]
Fiji Lau Province Special permission required Special permission required.[302]
 French Polynesia Visa required[303] Schengen visa covers entry.
 Guam Visa required[304]
 Niue Visa on arrival 30 days[305]
 Pitcairn Islands Visa not required 14 days visa free and landing fee 35 USD or tax of 5 USD if not going ashore.[306][307][308]
United States United States Minor Outlying Islands Special permits required Special permits required for Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll and Wake Island.[309][310][311][312][313][314][315]
South America
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
Galápagos Pre-registration required Online pre-registration is required. Transit Control Card must also be obtained at the airport at the airport prior to departure.[316]
South Atlantic and Antarctica
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
 Falkland Islands Visa required[317] UK visa covers entry.
 South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands Permit required Pre-arrival permit from the Commissioner required (72 hours/1 month for 110/160 pounds sterling).[318][319]
Antarctica Special permits required for  British Antarctic Territory,  French Southern and Antarctic Lands,  Argentine Antarctica, Australia Australian Antarctic Territory,
Antártica Chilena Province Chilean Antarctic Territory, Australia Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Norway Peter I Island, Norway Queen Maud Land, New Zealand Ross Dependency.[320][321][322][323][324][325][326][327][328][329][330][331]

Non-visa restrictions

This section is transcluded from Non-visa travel restrictions. (edit | history)

Blank passport pages

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[332] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being valid or available.

Vaccination

Main articles: Vaccination requirements for international travel, International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, and Vaccine passports during the COVID-19 pandemic
Cover of the new International Certificate of Vaccination issued by the Bureau of Quarantine in the Philippines since 2021

Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo, South Sudan, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers older than nine months to one year[333] to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.[334]

Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently or has transited for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.[335][336]

Passport validity length

Very few countries, such as Paraguay, just require a valid passport on arrival.

However many countries and groupings now require only an identity card – especially from their neighbours. Other countries may have special bilateral arrangements that depart from the generality of their passport validity length policies to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens[337][338] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).[339]

Some countries, such as Japan,[340] Ireland and the United Kingdom,[341] require a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay.

In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,[342] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,[343] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru,[344] Philippines,[345] Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.[346]

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.

Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Honduras, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except Ireland) together with Switzerland also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.

Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.

Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives[347] and South Africa.

Criminal record

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[348] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record, while others impose restrictions depending on the type of conviction and the length of the sentence.

Persona non grata

The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning them from entering the country or expelling them if they have already entered. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.[349]

Israeli stamps

Israeli border control Entry Permit (issued as a stand-alone document rather than a stamp affixed in a passport)

Kuwait,[350] Lebanon,[351] Libya,[352] and Yemen[353] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.[citation needed]

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Biometrics

See also: Countries applying biometrics

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to change planes rather than go landside.[354]

Fingerprinting countries/regions include Afghanistan,[355][356] Argentina,[357] Brunei, Cambodia,[358] China,[359] Ethiopia,[360] Ghana, Guinea,[361] India, Japan,[362][363] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),[364] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[365] Mongolia, Saudi Arabia,[366] Singapore, South Korea,[367] Taiwan, Thailand,[368] Uganda,[369] the United Arab Emirates and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by its own legislation),[370][371][372] intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[373]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports[374] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[375][376] The United States Department of Homeland Security has announced plans to greatly increase the biometric data it collects at US borders.[377] In 2018, Singapore began trials of iris scanning at three land and maritime immigration checkpoints.[378][379]

See also

References and Notes

References
  1. ^ "Global Ranking - Passport Index 2020" (PDF). Henley & Partners. Retrieved 7 April 2020.
  2. ^ Visa information, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Afghanistan.
  3. ^ Visa regime for foreign citizens, Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs of Albania.
  4. ^ a b "Data". www.mfa.gov.rs. Retrieved 22 January 2015.
  5. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  6. ^ Travel to Andorra, Ministry of External Affairs of Andorra.
  7. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  8. ^ Countries exempt from visa, Department of Immigration of Antigua and Barbuda.
  9. ^ Visa regime, National Directorate of Migrations of Argentina (in Spanish).
  10. ^ Visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Armenia.
  11. ^ e-Visa - Republic of Armenia Electronic Visa System
  12. ^ Visitor visa options, Department of Home Affairs of Australia.
  13. ^ "Visitor e600 Visa Online Applications". Department of Immigration and Border Protection.
  14. ^ Schengen visa, Federal Ministry for Europe, Integration and Foreign Affairs of Austria.
  15. ^ Countries with visa-free travel regime, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Azerbaijan (in Azerbaijani).
  16. ^ eVISA Online Services – Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Bahamas, Government of the Bahamas
  17. ^ "Entry Requirements". The Official Site of The Bahamas.
  18. ^ Bahrain eVisas, Ministry of Interior of Bahrain.
  19. ^ "Bahrain Electronic Visa Service". www.evisa.gov.bh.
  20. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  21. ^ Available at Shahjalal International Airport, Shah Amanat International Airport and Osmani International Airport only.
  22. ^ Barbados Visa Requirements and Reciprocal Arrangements, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade of Barbados, 1 July 2020.
  23. ^ Visa-free travel, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Belarus.
  24. ^ "Particulars of issuance of entry visas at the «National Airport Minsk» - Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Belarus". Mfa.gov.by. Retrieved 2018-07-25.
  25. ^ Visa for Belgium, Federal Public Service Foreign Affairs of Belgium.
  26. ^ "Exempted Countries". Ins.gov.bz. Retrieved 2018-07-25.
  27. ^ Visa, Emigration and Immigration Directorate of Benin.
  28. ^ "Accueil e-visa". evisa.gouv.bj.
  29. ^ Visa, Tourism Council of Bhutan.
  30. ^ Requirements to enter Bolivia, General Directorate of Migration of Bolivia (in Spanish).
  31. ^ Visas, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
  32. ^ Requirements for visa application, Government of Botswana.
  33. ^ Visas to travel to Brazil, Ministry of External Relations of Brazil (in Portuguese and English).
  34. ^ Acordo entre a República Federativa do Brasil e a República Dominicana sobre Isenção de Vistos de Turismo e Negócios (in Portuguese)
  35. ^ Country category for visa application, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade of Brunei.
  36. ^ Visa for Bulgaria, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria.
  37. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  38. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  39. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  40. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2014-07-28. Retrieved 2014-08-01.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  41. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  42. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  43. ^ Branch, Government of Canada, Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada, Communications. "I have U.S. residency (Green Card). Do I need a visa or an eTA to visit Canada or can I use my Green Card?". www.cic.gc.ca.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  44. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  45. ^ Obtainable at Nelson Mandela International Airport, Cesária Évora Airport, Amílcar Cabral International Airport and Aristides Pereira International Airport.
  46. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  47. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  48. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  49. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  50. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  51. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  52. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  53. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  54. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  55. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  56. ^ Visa requirements overview, Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs of Croatia.
  57. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  58. ^ Visa policy, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Cyprus.
  59. ^ List of states whose citizens are exempt from visa requirement, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic, 13 July 2017.
  60. ^ Countries with a visa requirement and visa-free countries, Danish Immigration Service, 8 December 2017.
  61. ^ "eVisa". www.evisa.gouv.dj.
  62. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  63. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  64. ^ a b c Extendable length of stay.
  65. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  66. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  67. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  68. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  69. ^ Who does not need a visa to visit Estonia?, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Estonia, 2 November 2017.
  70. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  71. ^ "Ethiopia electronic visa". Main Department for Immigration and Nationality Affairs, Ethiopia. Retrieved 24 November 2018.
  72. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  73. ^ Visa requirement and travel documents accepted by Finland, Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland.
  74. ^ Foreign nationals holding ordinary passports exempt from visa requirements, Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs of France, January 2016.
  75. ^ "Gabon e-Visa". evisa.dgdi.ga.
  76. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  77. ^ Entry clearance is not required if traveling as tourists on a charter flight.
  78. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  79. ^ Overview of visa requirements/exemptions for entry into the Federal Republic of Germany, Federal Foreign Office of Germany.
  80. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  81. ^ Countries requiring or not requiring a visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Greece, 13 June 2017.
  82. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  83. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  84. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  85. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  87. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2015-04-02. Retrieved 2015-04-24.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  88. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  89. ^ [1][dead link‍]
  90. ^ Countries that do not need a visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade of Hungary.
  91. ^ Who does not need a visa, Directorate of Immigration of Iceland.
  92. ^ "Indian e-Visa". Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India.
  93. ^ e-Visa
  94. ^ The note is under Q1(v) in the FAQs
  95. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  96. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  97. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  98. ^ Countries that need a visa for Ireland, Irish Naturalisation and Immigration Service.
  99. ^ Tourist visa table, Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 23 May 2017.
  100. ^ Visa for Italy, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of Italy.
  101. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  102. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  103. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  104. ^ "Visa Information". Timatic. Retrieved 4 May 2014.
  105. ^ Visa on arrival obtainable at most international ports of entry and at most international land border crossings (except King Hussein/Allenby Bridge crossing).
  106. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  107. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  108. ^ eCitizen. "eCitizen - Gateway to All Government Services". immigration.ecitizen.go.ke.
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  119. ^ Countries whose citizens may enter Latvia without a visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Latvia, 9 October 2017.
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  121. ^ "visa lesotho tourism documents travel evisalesotho.com". Lesotho E-Visa.
  122. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  125. ^ Visa, Government of Liechtenstein (in German).
  126. ^ Do I need a visa?, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Lithuania, 30 August 2017.
  127. ^ Staying in Luxembourg for less than 90 days, Government of Luxembourg.
  128. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  129. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  130. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  131. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  132. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  133. ^ Who requires a visa?, Identity Malta.
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  135. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  136. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  137. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  138. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  139. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  140. ^ Before you leave, Monaco Government Tourist Office.
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  148. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  149. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  150. ^ Short-stay Schengen visa (90 days or less), Government of the Netherlands.
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  153. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  154. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  155. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  156. ^ Persons who do not need a visa to visit Norway, Norwegian Directorate of Immigration.
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  159. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  160. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  162. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  163. ^ Redacción. "RD y Paraguay firman varios acuerdos". elcentineladigital.com.do.
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  168. ^ [3]
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  177. ^ Border formalities, San Marino Tourism Board.
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  186. ^ Visa regimes and visas, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Slovenia.
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  190. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  196. ^ List of foreign citizens who require visa for entry into Sweden, Government of Sweden.
  197. ^ Overview of ID and visa provisions according to nationality, State Secretariat for Migration of Switzerland.
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  331. ^ Trade, New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs and. "The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade acts in the world to make New Zealanders safer and more prosperous". New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade.
  332. ^ Baker, Vicky (20 June 2013). "Passport expiry dates and blank pages: what are the rules?". The Guardian. Retrieved 13 January 2024. The number of remaining blank pages a passport should have is also an issue. Some travellers have reported arriving with one or less than one full page left and waiting for hours at immigration, until an official reluctantly grants them entry. The FCO lists no hard and fast rules because, in many cases, there aren't any.
  333. ^ "Yellow Fever". Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC). African Union. Retrieved 23 August 2021. African countries that requires (sic) Yellow Fever vaccination certificate: Countries that require vaccination for all travellers older that 9 months or 1 year: Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameron, Central African Republic, Congo, Côte d'lvoire, DRC, Gabon, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Niger, Togo.
  334. ^ "Fièvre jaune" (in French). September 2, 2018. Retrieved August 27, 2019.
  335. ^ "Yellow Fever". Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC). African Union. Retrieved 23 August 2021. African countries that requires Yellow Fever vaccination certificate: Countries that requires (sic) vaccination for travellers from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission or transit for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
  336. ^ Country list - Yellow fever vaccination requirements and recommendations; and malaria situation; and other vaccination requirement
  337. ^ "Foreign Affairs Manual, 9 FAM 403.9-3(B)(2) f". U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 10 October 2017.
  338. ^ "Visitor Visa". travel.state.gov. US Department of State. Retrieved 13 January 2024. Passport valid for travel to the United States – Your passport must be valid for at least six months beyond your period of stay in the United States (unless exempt by country-specific agreements). Each individual who needs a visa must submit a separate application, including any family members listed in your passport.
  339. ^ "Countries whose citizens are allowed to enter Turkey with their expired passports". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Republic of Turkey. Archived from the original on 8 October 2015. Retrieved 6 July 2018. Countries whose citizens are allowed to enter Turkey with their expired passports: 1. Germany – Passports expired within the last year / ID's expired within the last year, 2. Belgium - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 3. France - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 4. Spain - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 5. Switzerland - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 6. Luxemburg - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 7. Portugal - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 8. Bulgaria – Valid ordinary passport
  340. ^ "Frequently Asked Questions". Embassy of Japan in Malaysia. Retrieved 13 January 2024. Q: Do I need at least 6 months passport validity in order to enter Japan? A: Japan does not have any regulations relating to passport validity, so long as your passport will be valid until after you leave Japan.
  341. ^ "Entering the UK". Gov.UK. Retrieved 17 March 2021. You're not from an EEA country: you must have a valid passport to enter the UK. It should be valid for the whole of your stay.
  342. ^ Bahrain government website
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  344. ^ "Government Of Peru Requires Six-Month Validity On Passports To Enter Peru". Traveling & Living in Peru. 2 January 2019. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  345. ^ "Bureau of Immigration of the Republic of the Philippines". Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  346. ^ Timatic
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  354. ^ Calder, Simon (24 April 2017). "Airline lobbying for a relaxation of draconian rules for London-Auckland travellers". The Independent. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 7 July 2018. Travellers heading west from the UK to New Zealand may soon be able to avoid the onerous requirement to clear US border control during the refuelling stop at Los Angeles airport (LAX). Unlike almost every other country in the world, the US insists on a full immigration check even for passengers who simply intend to re-board their plane to continue onwards to a foreign destination. Air New Zealand, which flies daily from Heathrow via Los Angeles to Auckland, says there are currently "strict requirements for travellers" in transit at LAX. Through passengers to Auckland on flight NZ1 or Heathrow on NZ2 must apply in advance for an ESTA (online visa) even though they have no intention of staying in the US. They also have to undergo screening by the Transportation Security Administration.
  355. ^ "How to enter Afghanistan. The Entry Requirements for Afghanistan - CountryReports". Countryreports.org.
  356. ^ Nordland, Rod (19 November 2011). "In Afghanistan, Big Plans to Gather Biometric Data". The New York Times.
  357. ^ "Argentina strengthens migratory control". Archived from the original on 2 December 2013.
  358. ^ "Cambodia Foreign Entry Requirements". Us-passport-information.com. Archived from the original on 5 July 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  359. ^ "China to Start Fingerprinting Foreign Visitors". Air Canada. 31 Jan 2019. Retrieved 7 July 2018. Effective April 27, 2018, border control authorities at all of China's ports of entry, including its airports, will start collecting the fingerprints of all foreign visitors aged between 14 and 70. Diplomatic passport holders and beneficiaries of reciprocal agreements are exempted..
  360. ^ "Äthiopien: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise". Auswaertiges-amt.de.
  361. ^ "Visa". paf.gov.gn.
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  363. ^ "Anger as Japan moves to fingerprint foreigners - World". Theage.com.au. 2007-10-26.
  364. ^ "Immigration & Visas FAQs". Kenya Airports Authority. Retrieved 6 May 2019. Will visitors still have their digital photo and fingerprints taken at the immigration desk on arrival? Yes, the need to have photos and fingerprints taken upon arrival is to authenticate that the person who applied for the Visa is the same person at the port of entry
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  370. ^ Brown, Theresa Cardinal (9 May 2016). "Biometric Entry-Exit Update: CBP Developing Land Border Process". Bipartisan Policy Center. Retrieved 25 April 2019. While a requirement for a biometric entry-exit system has been in law for over a decade, it is not yet a reality. Many reasons for the long gestating development have been documented in BPC's 2014 report Entry-Exit System: Progress, Challenges, and Outlook, including the technological, operational, and cost challenges of creating exit systems and infrastructure where none exist today. However, many critics, especially in Congress, simply accused the Department of Homeland security of dragging its feet... the major operational, logistical, and technical challenge in implementing exit capability at our ports has been the land borders. Unlike airports and seaports, the land border environment is not physically controlled, there is no means to get advance information on who is arriving, and the sheer volume of travel—both vehicular and pedestrian—creates challenges in any system to not further exacerbate delays. While biometric exit for land vehicular traffic is still in the "what if" stage, CBP is moving ahead and piloting systems and technology to use with the large population of pedestrian crossers at the U.S.-Mexico border.
  371. ^ Lipton, Eric (21 May 2013). "U.S. Quietly Monitors Foreigners' Departures at the Canadian Border". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 April 2019. Long demanded by lawmakers in Congress, it is considered a critical step to developing a coherent program to curb illegal immigration, as historically about 30 percent to 40 percent of illegal immigrants in the United States arrived on tourist visas or other legal means and then never left, according to estimates by Homeland Security officials.
  372. ^ Lipton, Eric (15 December 2006). "Administration to Drop Effort to Track if Visitors Leave". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 April 2019. Efforts to determine whether visitors actually leave have faltered. Departure monitoring would help officials hunt for foreigners who have not left, if necessary. Domestic security officials say, however, it would be too expensive to conduct fingerprint or facial recognition scans for land departures.
  373. ^ Campoy, Ana (17 April 2019). "The US wants to scan the faces of all air passengers leaving the country". Quartz. Retrieved 2019-04-24.
  374. ^ "ICAO Document 9303: Machine Readable Travel Documents, Part 9: Deployment of Biometric Identification and Electronic Storage of Data in MRTDs, 7th edition" (PDF). 2015. Retrieved 23 April 2019.
  375. ^ "Iris Scan Implemented at Doha International Airport". Archived from the original on 8 January 2012.
  376. ^ "Iris Scanner Could Replace Emirates ID In UAE". SimplyDXB. 11 June 2017. Retrieved 7 July 2018. The breach of privacy is probably the biggest threat to the biometric technique of iris recognition. Secondly, a device error can false reject or false accept the identity which can also have some heinous consequences. Lastly, the method isn't the most cost-effective one. It is complex and therefore expensive. Furthermore, the maintenance of devices and data can also be relatively burdensome. However, thanks to the oil money and spending ability of Dubai, they are economically equipped to effectively embrace this system.
  377. ^ Roberts, Jeff John (12 September 2016). "Homeland Security Plans to Expand Fingerprint and Eye Scanning at Borders". Fortune. Fortune Media IP Limited. Retrieved 24 April 2019. Unlike with documents, it's very hard for a traveler to present a forged copy of a fingerprint or iris. That's why the U.S. Department of Homeland Security plans to vastly expand the amount of biometric data it collects at the borders. According to Passcode, a new program will ramp up a process to scan fingers and eyes in order to stop people entering and exiting the country on someone else's passport.
  378. ^ "Singapore tests eye scans at immigration checkpoints". Reuters. 6 August 2018. Retrieved 24 April 2019. Singapore has started scanning travellers' eyes at some of its border checkpoints, its immigration authority said on Monday, in a trial of expensive technology that could one day replace fingerprint verification.
  379. ^ Lee, Vivien (6 August 2018). "5 Reasons We Prefer Iris Scans To Fingerprint Checks At Our Borders In Singapore". Retrieved 24 April 2019. The iris technology could potentially scan irises covertly, as opposed to the scanning of thumbprints which necessitates active participation.
Notes
  1. ^
  2. ^
  3. ^
    • Panghok - Taichang (Vietnam)
    • Lantui - Baka (China)
    • Meuang mom - Wan Pong (Myanmar)
    • Tanalaeng Dry Port - Nongkai (Thailand)
    • Nonghaed - Nam kanh (Vietnam)
    • Pakxan - Bungkan (Thailand)
    • Nam phao - Cau treo (Vietnam)
    • Na pao - Cha lo (Vietnam)
    • Nam ngeun - Huay konl (Thailand)
    • Namheuang - Nakaseng (Thailand)
    • Phoudou (Thailand)
    • Nam soy - Na meo (Vietnam)
    • Phoukeua - Kontoum (Vietnam)
    • Lalai (Vietnam)
    • Pangmone - Phayao (Thailand)
    • Daktaock - Nam Giang (Vietnam)
    • Savannakhet Airport
  4. ^
    • Vientiane
    • Savannakhet
    • Bokeo
  5. ^
    • Vientiane
    • Savannakhet
    • Khammouane
    • Bokeo
  6. ^
    • Samliemkham (Thailand and Myanmar)
    • Khamsavath - Nongkai (Thailand)
    • Daensavan - Lao bao (Vietnam)
    • Veunkham - Nong nok khian (Cambodia)
    • Vang tao - Chongmek (Thailand)
    • Boten - Bo han (China)
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