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Article title: Gynecomastia
Article Evaluation: The main cause of gynecomastia is an imbalance between estrogen and androgen varying from increase in estrogen production, decrease in adrogen production, or a combination of both.
Sources: Cuhaci, N., Polat, S., Evranos, B., Ersoy, R., & Cakir, B. (2014). Gynecomastia: clinical evaluation and management. Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 18(2), 150. https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A364051764/HWRC?u=milwaukee&sid=HWRC&xid=63a7cd27; Dickson, G. (2012). Gynecomastia. American Family Physician, 85(7), 716–722.

Article title: Polycystic ovary syndrome
Article Evaluation: An abnormal ratio of myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol can be present in PCOS affecting estrogen and androgen levels. In PCOS, MI concentrations are depleted; affecting glucose intake and impairing FSH signaling needed for ovulation. DCI concentrations are increased, leading to an overproduction of androgens. Research shows that a combination of 40:1 molar ratio of myo-inositol (MI) and d-chiro-insositol (DCI) can improve metabolic and hormonal imbalances in PCOS.
Sources: Gateva, Antoaneta, Unfer, Vittorio, & Kamenov, Zdravko. (2018). The use of inositol(s) isomers in the management of polycystic ovary syndrome: a comprehensive review. Gynecological Endocrinology, 34(7), 545–550. https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590.2017.1421632; Vittorio Unfer, Simona Dinicola, Antonio Simone Laganà, & Mariano Bizzarri. (2020). Altered Ovarian Inositol Ratios May Account for Pathological Steroidogenesis in PCOS. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(19), 7157. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21197157